Studies in Logic, Grammar and Rhetoric最新文献_第4页

Concepts and Categories: A Data Science Approach to Semiotics 概念和类别:符号学的数据科学方法

Studies in Logic, Grammar and Rhetoric Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/slgr-2022-0010

André Włodarczyk

{"title":"Concepts and Categories: A Data Science Approach to Semiotics","authors":"André Włodarczyk","doi":"10.2478/slgr-2022-0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/slgr-2022-0010","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Compared to existing classical approaches to semiotics which are dyadic (signifier/signified, F. de Saussure) and triadic (symbol/concept/object, Ch. S. Peirce), this theory can be characterized as tetradic ([sign/semion]//[object/noema]) and is the result of either doubling the dyadic approach along the semiotic/ordinary dimension or splitting the ‘concept’ of the triadic one into two (semiotic/ordinary). Other important features of this approach are (a) the distinction made between concepts (only functional pairs of extent and intent) and categories (as representations of expressions) and (b) the indication of the need for providing the mathematical passage from the duality between two sets (where one is a singleton) within systems of sets to category-theoretical monoids within systems of categories while waiting for the solution of this problem in the field of logic. Last but not least, human language expressions are the most representative physical instances of semiotic objects. Moreover, as computational experiments which are possible with linguistic objects present a high degree of systematicity (of oppositions), in general, it is relatively easy to elucidate their dependence on the concepts underlying signs. This new semiotic theory or rather this new research program emerged as the fruit of experimentation and reflection on the application of data science tools elaborated within the frameworks of Rough Set Theory (RST), Formal Context Analysis (FCA) and, though only theoretically, Distributed Information Logic (DIL). The semiotic objects (s-objects) of this theory can be described in tabular datasets. Nevertheless, at this stage of formalisation of the theory, lattices (not trees) can be used as working representation structures for characterizing the components of concept systems and graphs for categories of each layer.","PeriodicalId":38574,"journal":{"name":"Studies in Logic, Grammar and Rhetoric","volume":"67 1","pages":"169 - 200"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41827879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Reasoning with Expectations About Causal Relations 关于因果关系的期望推理

Studies in Logic, Grammar and Rhetoric Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/slgr-2022-0011

P. Gärdenfors

引用次数: 0

Fiscal Federalism and the COVID-19 Crisis: Theoretical Aspects and Poland’s Experience 财政联邦制与新冠肺炎危机:理论层面与波兰经验

Studies in Logic, Grammar and Rhetoric Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/slgr-2022-0026

M. Poniatowicz

引用次数: 0

On the Role of Source and Target Words’ Meanings in Metaphorical Conceptualizations 论源词和目的词的意义在隐喻概念化中的作用

Studies in Logic, Grammar and Rhetoric Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/slgr-2022-0005

El Mustapha Lemghari

引用次数: 5

Cognitive Artifacts and Their Virtues in Scientific Practice 科学实践中的认知假象及其美德

Studies in Logic, Grammar and Rhetoric Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/slgr-2022-0012

M. Miłkowski

引用次数: 1

Category of the Common Good from the COVID-19 Pandemic Perspective 从COVID-19大流行的角度看共同利益的类别

Studies in Logic, Grammar and Rhetoric Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/slgr-2022-0017

M. Gorynia, Małgorzata Słodowa-Hełpa

{"title":"Category of the Common Good from the COVID-19 Pandemic Perspective","authors":"M. Gorynia, Małgorzata Słodowa-Hełpa","doi":"10.2478/slgr-2022-0017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/slgr-2022-0017","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In this study, edited on the basis of a critical review of domestic and foreign literature, as well as authors’ own analyzes, previously presented in several articles (Słodowa-Hełpa 2015; Gorynia 2021 and 2022), mainly in two shorter texts published in popular magazines with a range of Poland (Gory-nia and Słodowa-Hełpa 2022a, 2022b), selected aspects of the concept of the common good from the perspective of the Covid-19 pandemic were presented. The authors’ conviction that in the process of searching for cures to overcome civilization turbulences, the common good cannot be eliminated from the social, political, economic and moral space, was the inspiration to take up this issue. Therefore, the search for answers to the following four questions was considered leading: Will pandemic experiences catalyze a better understanding of the common good? How can they reduce its deficit? To what extent can a return to the concept of the common good, offering real forms of participation and shared responsibility, help in overcoming the painful effects of the present and future threats to civilization? Can respecting the principles of the common good be considered an imperative in the process of overcoming problems of an increasingly global scope? In view of the ambiguity of the category of the common good and the related interpretation difficulties, it was deemed necessary to place the main part of the study in the background of the most general approach to the essence of the analyzed category and its status in philosophical and economic terms. The summary outlines conclusions and postulates concerning the conditions for the functioning of global common goods and the possibility of using them in international cooperation.","PeriodicalId":38574,"journal":{"name":"Studies in Logic, Grammar and Rhetoric","volume":"67 1","pages":"335 - 354"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46730804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Subnational Finance: Polish Experience 2019冠状病毒病大流行对地方财政的影响:波兰经验

Studies in Logic, Grammar and Rhetoric Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/slgr-2022-0025

Leszek Patrzałek, Małgorzata Gałecka

引用次数: 0

Fears in the Light of Zygmunt Bauman’s Liquid Post-Modernity 齐格蒙特·鲍曼“流动的后现代性”视野下的恐惧

Studies in Logic, Grammar and Rhetoric Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/slgr-2022-0023

P. Matera, R. Matera

{"title":"Fears in the Light of Zygmunt Bauman’s Liquid Post-Modernity","authors":"P. Matera, R. Matera","doi":"10.2478/slgr-2022-0023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/slgr-2022-0023","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Main task of the paper is to recall sociologist and philosopher – Zygmunt Bauman’s observations and concepts on the fears, anxieties, and uncertainties that appear in the modern world. Main focus was directed to Europe as Bauman was particularly concerned about its future and its role in the global society. The paper is illustrated using current examples from political, social, and economic life to confirm and/or negate Bauman’s concepts. We ask: are fears stable or changeable? Are they stronger or weaker? Are they constant, coming to an end, or are they replaced by new ones? Additionally, we confront Bauman’s concepts with the ideas of other sociologists who applied the interpretative perspective. We define fear following Bauman’s various proposals, and we distinguish many kinds of fears, giving examples from Western societies and socio-economic realities during the time of globalization. We refer to a few relevant sociological concepts to understand Bauman’s view better, e.g. the strategy of detour or the term of generalized other. In conclusions, we state that most fears remain the same (especially ontological ones). However, in the 21st century, we can observe the emergence of new ones (also artificial ones).","PeriodicalId":38574,"journal":{"name":"Studies in Logic, Grammar and Rhetoric","volume":"67 1","pages":"451 - 473"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41622616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The COVID-19 Pandemic and Debudgetisation of Polish Public Finances COVID-19大流行与波兰公共财政预算缩减

Studies in Logic, Grammar and Rhetoric Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/slgr-2022-0027

Jolanta Szołno-Koguc

{"title":"The COVID-19 Pandemic and Debudgetisation of Polish Public Finances","authors":"Jolanta Szołno-Koguc","doi":"10.2478/slgr-2022-0027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/slgr-2022-0027","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The aim of the article is to analyse the provisions regulating the organisation and principles of financial management of the COVID-19 Counteracting Fund in the context of progressive debudgetisation of public finances. The first part presents the concept, sources and effects of debudgetisation of public finances, with emphasis on earmarked funds as the basic example of this process. The second part assesses the regulations concerning the organisation and tasks of the COVID-19 Counteracting Fund, and presents the sources of financing and the principles of financial management. Using methods according to contemporary legal, economic and financial principles (in particular, a critical review of the literature on the subject, legal acts, and analysis of statistical data), basic features determining the actual nature and role of the COVID-19 Counteracting Fund in the collection and spending of public money were verified. The hypothesis that this institution (despite not having the status of a state earmarked fund in the normative sense) is a kind of para-budget with typical functions of public finances was confirmed. The creation of the COVID-19 Counteracting Fund resulted in the exclusion of some finances of a public nature from the general pool, intended primarily for tasks related to health care during the COVID-19 pandemic. The adoption of such a solution is part of a trend of increasing deviations from the principle of completeness of the state budget noticeable in recent years, which has led to excessive debudgetisation of the state budget. This, in turn, is not conducive to maintaining transparency and rationality in the collection and spending of public funds, which are prescribed by the doctrine.","PeriodicalId":38574,"journal":{"name":"Studies in Logic, Grammar and Rhetoric","volume":"67 1","pages":"547 - 569"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47297805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Surveillance in Capitalism Versus Surveillance Capitalism – Analisis of Contemporary Constraints of Civil Rights in the Context of Dataism and Post-Truth 资本主义中的监视与监视资本主义——数据主义与后真相语境下的当代民权约束分析

Studies in Logic, Grammar and Rhetoric Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/slgr-2022-0016

R. Ciborowski, Aneta Kargol-Wasiluk, Marian Zalesko

{"title":"Surveillance in Capitalism Versus Surveillance Capitalism – Analisis of Contemporary Constraints of Civil Rights in the Context of Dataism and Post-Truth","authors":"R. Ciborowski, Aneta Kargol-Wasiluk, Marian Zalesko","doi":"10.2478/slgr-2022-0016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/slgr-2022-0016","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The paper is devoted to the issue of surveillance in capitalism (surveillance capitalism), a phenomenon which has spread in that socio-economic system since the beginning of the 21st century. We attempt to point out the harmfulness of information technologies developing in the wrong direction, carrying the ideas of dataism and post-truth, which increasingly colonize human living space. It turns out that the information (traces) that people leave while operating on the Internet is a source of predicting human behavior in the future (behavioral futures markets). Thus, for the most developed Internet enterprises in the world, they become a motive for violating what seem to be basic political rights, mainly freedom, property and security. As a result, under the influence of the disinformation often present on the Internet, people’s behavior may take the most socially undesirable forms, but desirable in the virtual world. The considerations in the paper are primarily theoretical. The descriptive method was used with elements of the conceptual analysis of surveillance capitalism in the context of dataism and post-truth.","PeriodicalId":38574,"journal":{"name":"Studies in Logic, Grammar and Rhetoric","volume":"67 1","pages":"321 - 334"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42470667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0