{"title":"Development of a Space Interferometer Using LiNbO3-Fe Crystal as Holographic Support","authors":"J. Marry, Y. Bernard, F. Lefaucheuh, J.P. Cadoret","doi":"10.1364/pmed.1990.pd8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/pmed.1990.pd8","url":null,"abstract":"HOLIDDO instrument (French acronym for holographic interferometry in two observation directions) will be used to characterize transparent objects in a microgravity environment.(J. Mary et al)","PeriodicalId":385625,"journal":{"name":"Topical Meeting on Photorefractive Materials, Effects, and Devices II","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129337739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Transient Photorefractive Effect in Graded Gap Superlattices","authors":"S. Ralph, F. Capasso, R. Malik","doi":"10.1364/pmed.1990.f1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/pmed.1990.f1","url":null,"abstract":"We report a new type of photorefractive effect which does not rely on traps, requires only a single illumination beam and is inherently fast The effect is efficient enough to cause significant polarization rotation of a probe beam via the electro-optic effect, using only a short (2µm) interaction length. Furthermore, the temporal response can be easily controlled by changing either the intrinsic or photo-induced carrier density. The effect can also be used to examine the transport of free carriers in graded gap structures.","PeriodicalId":385625,"journal":{"name":"Topical Meeting on Photorefractive Materials, Effects, and Devices II","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129385934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Photorefractive Crystal Fe:KNbO3 and High Efficiency Self-pumping Phase Conjugation Mirror","authors":"D. Shen, D. Jiang, X. Tong","doi":"10.1364/pmed.1990.j8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/pmed.1990.j8","url":null,"abstract":"Potassium niobate (KNbO3) crystal is not only a ferroelectric with strong nonlinear optical properties, but also a very good electro-optical material. Its electro-optical coefficient Γ42=380pm/v, and related dielectric constant ε and refractive index n are 240 and 2.3 respectively, therefore the photorefractive figure of merit Q (=n3 Γ42/ε) =19.3 (pm/v) [1] is the largest one comparing with BaTiO3, SBN, BSO, LiNbO3, LiTaO3 and GaAs.","PeriodicalId":385625,"journal":{"name":"Topical Meeting on Photorefractive Materials, Effects, and Devices II","volume":"47 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116607700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Seeded Stimulated Photorefractive Scattering","authors":"R. A. Mullen, D. J. Vickers, D. Pepper","doi":"10.1364/pmed.1990.e2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/pmed.1990.e2","url":null,"abstract":"Stable phase conjugate reflectivities as high as 60% have been achieved with back-seeded stimulated photorefractive scattering (SPS) in a BaTiO3 crystal having too small a gain-length product for unseeded SPS. The beam-bending and build-up dynamics of the process are demonstrated by the three top-view photographs of the crystal reproduced in Figure 1. In Figure la, there is no external seed and, in this case, no self-pumped phase conjugation; the beam refracts into an a-face of the crystal, fans sharply to an angle of about 20° with respect to the c-axis, then straightens out to exit a c-face of the crystal. In Figures 1b and 1c, the sequence of steps leading to SPS are shown in the presence of a backward seed. In Figure 1b, the fanned light exiting the crystal strikes a non-specular, diffusive-type surface, the scattering from which acts as a back-injected seed and dramatically lowers the gain-length product threshold condition for stimulated scattering. The phase-conjugate reflection in Figure 1b is in the process of building up; pump depletion is already evident in this photo. Figure 1c is a photo of the steady-state beam trajectory inside the crystal.","PeriodicalId":385625,"journal":{"name":"Topical Meeting on Photorefractive Materials, Effects, and Devices II","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125152291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Theoretical Impurity Levels of Ni and V Ions in BaTiO3 in Relation to Photorefractive Effects","authors":"P. Moretti, F. Michel-calendini","doi":"10.1364/pmed.1990.b1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/pmed.1990.b1","url":null,"abstract":"An increasingly deal of attention is developping on the photorefractive properties of Barium Titanate. Indeed, its large electro-optic coefficients make it at the present as one of the most promising material in some optical processing applications such as self-pumped phase conjugate mirror or laser resonator1,2).","PeriodicalId":385625,"journal":{"name":"Topical Meeting on Photorefractive Materials, Effects, and Devices II","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125155666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Noise-free Photorefractive Image Amplifiers","authors":"H. Rajbenbach, A. Delboulbé, J. Huignard","doi":"10.1364/pmed.1990.j1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/pmed.1990.j1","url":null,"abstract":"When a weak optical signal is injected in a photorefractive crystal illuminated with a strong pump beam, it experiences gain via a two-wave mixing process.(1) A problem common to these amplifiers is the presence of noise sources that corrupt the quality of the emerging amplified optical signal. We propose and experimentally demonstrate the first technique, to our knowledge, capable of very significantly reducing the optical noise while maintaining high gain coefficients. Consider two-wave mixing in a slowly rotating crystal. First, we estimate the influence of a crystal rotation (angular velocity Ω around the point O) on the noise intensity in the output plane (Fig. 1a). A noise source located around point A radiates a complex wavefront whose component along the direction of the injected signal is represented by a plane wave of intensity IN (A is a crystal imperfection or interface). It is essential to note that the noise sources are bounded to the crystal and will consequently move with it. This is the basis for the process of discrimination between the noise gratings and the injected signal grating. In the Ox coordinate bounded to the rotating crystal, the interference pattern responsible for the formation of a noise grating around the point A is given by: IN(x,t) = I0 [1 + mN cos KN(t)x], where KN(t) ~ 2π(θ + Ωt)/λ is the time-dependent grating wave vector (we have assumed that the angles inside the crystal are small), I0 is the total incident intensity (I0 ~ IP0), θ is the angle between the beams inside the crystal, λ = λ0/n is the optical wavelength in the crystal with refractive index n, and mN is the fringe modulation.","PeriodicalId":385625,"journal":{"name":"Topical Meeting on Photorefractive Materials, Effects, and Devices II","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125437357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Brodin, V. Volkov, N. Kukhtarev, A. V. Privalko
{"title":"Nanosecond Selfdiffraction Electrogyration in the crystal of Bi12TiO20 (BTO)","authors":"M. Brodin, V. Volkov, N. Kukhtarev, A. V. Privalko","doi":"10.1364/pmed.1990.d3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/pmed.1990.d3","url":null,"abstract":"Recently there has been considerable current interest in studies of photorefractive materials. It is mainly due to ample prospects of their applications in the wave-front conjugation, optical data processing, laser-emission control, optical amplification of images, adaptive holographic interferometry and so on. However write an erase times in these materials, typically miliseconds to seconds under continuous wave illumination, are slower required for many applications. For this reason, investigations of such well-known photorefractive substances as BaTiO3,Bi12TiO20 and Bi12GeO20 have been extended to the case of pulse pumping in the nanosecond and picosecond ranges. The obtained results indicated that the photorefractive effect can be observed in the nanosecond range as well, though the corresponding efficiency is lower than that achieved under continuous wave pumping.","PeriodicalId":385625,"journal":{"name":"Topical Meeting on Photorefractive Materials, Effects, and Devices II","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121618314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Novikov, S. Odoulov, S. Shandarov, V. Shandarov
{"title":"Parametric Intermode Scattering in LiNbO3 Planar Waveguides","authors":"A. Novikov, S. Odoulov, S. Shandarov, V. Shandarov","doi":"10.1364/pmed.1990.e1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/pmed.1990.e1","url":null,"abstract":"Practically all nonlinear frequency degenerate four wave mixing processes reported previously for the bulk photorefractive materials have been observed also in the planar photorefractive waveguides: interaction of two beams with the same (or with the different) mode indices resulting in the developement of the dynamic grating, phase conjugation due to the backward wave mixing, polarization conversion, etc.[1]. Specific properties of the waveguides, as, e.g., the existance of several propagation modes with the same frequency but different propagation velocities, make possible same additional nonlinear wave mixing effects which do not occure in bulk samples. We report the first to our knowlage observation of such effect-the nonlinear parametric mixing of different waveguide mode and parametric intermode scatering.","PeriodicalId":385625,"journal":{"name":"Topical Meeting on Photorefractive Materials, Effects, and Devices II","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121604192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Photorefractive effects in the organic crystal 2-cyclooctyIamino-5-nitropyridine (COANP) doped with 7,7,8,8-tetracyanochinodimethane (TCNQ)","authors":"K. Sutter, J. Hulliger, P. Günter","doi":"10.1364/pmed.1990.pd1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/pmed.1990.pd1","url":null,"abstract":"Photorefractive effects (due to electro-optic index change driven by photoinduced space-charge fields) have been found in a wide range of inorganic materials such as LiNbO3, KNbO3, Bi12SiO20, BaTiO3, GaAs, InP:Fe and others. To our knowledge, no such effects have been reported yet for an organic crystal. In this paper we report the observation of photoinduced gratings in an electro-optic molecular crystal which has been intentionally doped to induce photorefractive properties.","PeriodicalId":385625,"journal":{"name":"Topical Meeting on Photorefractive Materials, Effects, and Devices II","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114275398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Partovi, A. Kost, E. Garmire, G. Valley, M. Klein
{"title":"Characterization of Band-Edge Photorefractive Effect in Compound Semiconductors","authors":"A. Partovi, A. Kost, E. Garmire, G. Valley, M. Klein","doi":"10.1364/pmed.1990.c1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/pmed.1990.c1","url":null,"abstract":"We have recently shown that at optical wavelengths near the band-edge, non-electrooptic gratings can be used for two beam coupling energy transfer [1]. By combining these gratings with conventional electrooptic gratings, very large gain coefficients can be achieved. We will present measurements of the wavelength dependence of the two-beam-coupling gain in compound semiconductors. A large increase in the amount of energy transfer is observed near the band edge, as compared with values at longer wavelengths. We will discuss the relative magnitude and origins of the mechanisms involved and compare the beam coupling results with direct measurements of the nonlinearities. We will discuss possible applications.","PeriodicalId":385625,"journal":{"name":"Topical Meeting on Photorefractive Materials, Effects, and Devices II","volume":"42 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114195105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}