Central European Journal of Public Policy最新文献_第4页

Modelling the impact of Artificial Intelligence on the labour market in Czechia 模拟人工智能对捷克劳动力市场的影响

Central European Journal of Public Policy Pub Date : 2021-07-09 DOI: 10.2478/cejpp-2021-0006

M. Fatun, M. Pazour

{"title":"Modelling the impact of Artificial Intelligence on the labour market in Czechia","authors":"M. Fatun, M. Pazour","doi":"10.2478/cejpp-2021-0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/cejpp-2021-0006","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article describes an original model developed in the Technology Centre CAS for the estimation of the impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) on the labour market in Czechia. On the contrary to the previous estimates, this model is based on the comparison of projected future technical capabilities of AI with a mix of capabilities needed in different job categories. Both the importance and the level of capabilities are taken into account in order to assess the impact of AI on jobs in three different time horizons. Based on the model calculations, it can be expected that on the five-year horizon the AI will be able to replace more than 50% of the required capabilities in 11 % of the occupations. On the thirty-year horizon, AI can replace over 50% of capabilities in the vast majority of the current professions. At the same time, new professions will continuously emerge, though they will place different demands on their performers and will require different skills and capabilities in comparison to current professions. The model and its results may be effectively used for efficient adaptation of education, lifelong learning and retraining to the changing nature of work, and related new demand for workers’ capabilities.","PeriodicalId":38545,"journal":{"name":"Central European Journal of Public Policy","volume":"15 1","pages":"31 - 42"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45906860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Abandoned structures: tools for reuse and repurposing of buildings in Slovak municipalities 废弃结构:斯洛伐克市政当局建筑物再利用和重新利用的工具

Central European Journal of Public Policy Pub Date : 2021-04-19 DOI: 10.2478/cejpp-2021-0005

David Cole, J. Gubalová, M. Svidroňová

{"title":"Abandoned structures: tools for reuse and repurposing of buildings in Slovak municipalities","authors":"David Cole, J. Gubalová, M. Svidroňová","doi":"10.2478/cejpp-2021-0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/cejpp-2021-0005","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In this article, we aim to analyse the state of abandoned properties in Slovak municipalities and present possible solutions for this issue. In the theoretical part, we define abandonment and the tools for abandonment based on the current literature review. Building on this framework, the paper analyses the towns and villages of selected Slovak region, that being Banská Bystrica self-governing region. To map abandoned properties located in a selected region, as well as to identify emotional value of these building and the instruments needed for their reconstruction or removal, a questionnaire was sent to the mayors of all municipalities of over 1,000 inhabitants in the region of Banská Bystrica – a total of 115 municipalities in 2019. This concentrated research on one region enabled us to have a closer look at the status of abandoned structures in municipalities in a typical area of Central and Eastern Europe. We compare the issue of abandonment in the commuter zone (the two largest cities in the regions and their surrounding) and the hinterlands. Research has shown that the population in the hinterlands is declining more than in the commuter zone, but more abandoned buildings are located in municipalities in the commuter zone. Buildings in need of repair that are important for the inhabitants (e.g. from the point of view of history), are registered in their municipality by 93% of mayors in the commuter zone and 84% in the hinterlands. The most frequent obstacles to repairing these buildings are considered by the mayors in both zones the many number of owners who cannot agree on a plan for saving the objects. The quantitative research is completed with an illustration of an abandoned object in Banská Bystrica.","PeriodicalId":38545,"journal":{"name":"Central European Journal of Public Policy","volume":"15 1","pages":"67 - 81"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47371456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Stimuli contributing to local property taxation – with the focus on spatial effects of industry and functional urban areas 刺激措施有助于地方财产税——重点关注工业和城市功能区的空间效应

Central European Journal of Public Policy Pub Date : 2021-04-06 DOI: 10.2478/cejpp-2021-0004

Pavel Zdražil, Bohuslav Pernica

{"title":"Stimuli contributing to local property taxation – with the focus on spatial effects of industry and functional urban areas","authors":"Pavel Zdražil, Bohuslav Pernica","doi":"10.2478/cejpp-2021-0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/cejpp-2021-0004","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In this study, we argue that a historical background of the region matters in tax mimicking and yardstick competition as a matter of principle. We seek to determine factors supporting the policy of the high local property tax in the Czech Republic. Based on the statistical and spatial data of 6,258 municipalities between 2009 and 2019, the results show that the municipalities burdened by large industrial facilities, as well as municipalities in the functional urban areas (FUAs), apply the policy of higher property taxation twice frequently than the rest. On the other hand, the industrial stimuli keep enfeebling after 2010, and the number of local governments preferring high property taxation is variegated across different FUAs. The causal analysis based on Granger's approach concludes an existence of cumulative effects of both industry and the FUAs, which push the municipalities with large industrial facilities located within an FUA to increase the property taxes. From the mimicking point of view, we found that mimicking policy is an important phenomenon among the municipalities of Czech Republic; however, it has different impacts on both stimuli (Industry and FUA). The analysis suggests that it rather incites the municipalities within the FUA to increase the local property taxes.","PeriodicalId":38545,"journal":{"name":"Central European Journal of Public Policy","volume":"15 1","pages":"55 - 66"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48706434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Transparency and Accessibility in Municipalities: The Case of Social Services in Spain 市政当局的透明度和可及性:西班牙社会服务的案例

Central European Journal of Public Policy Pub Date : 2021-03-11 DOI: 10.2478/cejpp-2021-0003

Manuela Cañizares-Espada, C. Muñoz-Colomina, Raquel Pérez-Estébanez, Elena Urquía-Grande

{"title":"Transparency and Accessibility in Municipalities: The Case of Social Services in Spain","authors":"Manuela Cañizares-Espada, C. Muñoz-Colomina, Raquel Pérez-Estébanez, Elena Urquía-Grande","doi":"10.2478/cejpp-2021-0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/cejpp-2021-0003","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper aims to design and propose a new measurement model for social services transparency in municipalities. The model includes an empirical study of 38 municipalities in Spain. The information published on these municipalities’ websites is evaluated through experimental quantitative methods using multivariate analysis. The municipalities chosen were those with the highest population that also disclosed the largest amount of information and provided the easiest access to their websites. The paper's conceptual framework was constructed by combining the Spanish legal context with a bibliographic review based on the latest transparency models. The research proposes a new Transparency Evaluation Model for Social Services to measure transparency in municipalities using the social services information published on the websites. Factors considered include degree of ease and amount of time spent by citizens in accessing the website. Some conclusions indicate that transparency remains difficult to achieve, information is less accessible to citizens than it should be, and transparency differs among the municipalities due to the legal changes implemented in recent years, as well as to other economic and social variables.","PeriodicalId":38545,"journal":{"name":"Central European Journal of Public Policy","volume":"15 1","pages":"31 - 54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46343448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

The perception of inter-municipal cooperation by local officials and managers 地方官员和管理人员对市际合作的看法

Central European Journal of Public Policy Pub Date : 2021-01-29 DOI: 10.2478/cejpp-2021-0002

E. Bakoš, Filip Hrůza, David Fiedor, K. Klemešová

{"title":"The perception of inter-municipal cooperation by local officials and managers","authors":"E. Bakoš, Filip Hrůza, David Fiedor, K. Klemešová","doi":"10.2478/cejpp-2021-0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/cejpp-2021-0002","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Though the exploration of inter-municipal cooperation (IMC) is very widespread in contemporary literature worldwide, the perception of IMC by municipal officials is rarely examined. We focused this paper on revealing the relationship between the perceptions of municipal public officials and the realized benefits of municipal cooperation. Our research combines primary data from a survey of municipalities engaged in a form of IMC and in-depth interviews of both municipal officials and managers who coordinate IMC. Our survey results show that agreement with the statement that IMC helps solve administrative capacity problems tends to vary with the size of the municipality. This study detected considerable obstacles to IMC use, with one set of respondents indicating that they had tried cooperation and found that it did not yield significant, positive financial or non-financial benefits for them. Our in-depth interviews revealed that strong political leadership and experienced managerial staff can contribute to the development of municipal cooperation. In summary, our research provides evidence supporting the notion that the perception of IMC by municipal officials could be an important precursor to actual IMC use and future development.","PeriodicalId":38545,"journal":{"name":"Central European Journal of Public Policy","volume":"15 1","pages":"1 - 14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45947509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

The influence of civil society on Ukrainian anti-corruption policy after the Maidan 独立广场事件后民间社会对乌克兰反腐败政策的影响

Central European Journal of Public Policy Pub Date : 2021-01-29 DOI: 10.2478/cejpp-2021-0001

Felix Blatt, Caroline Schlaufer

引用次数: 5

Is Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) a New Alternative to Governance Challenges of State-Owned Enterprises (SOEs)?3 企业社会责任是国有企业治理挑战的新选择吗?3.

Central European Journal of Public Policy Pub Date : 2020-11-27 DOI: 10.2478/cejpp-2020-0007

D. Maisuradze, Giorgi Narmania, Magda Lazishvili, M. Tkeshelashvili, Irakli Shakiashvili

{"title":"Is Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) a New Alternative to Governance Challenges of State-Owned Enterprises (SOEs)?3","authors":"D. Maisuradze, Giorgi Narmania, Magda Lazishvili, M. Tkeshelashvili, Irakli Shakiashvili","doi":"10.2478/cejpp-2020-0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/cejpp-2020-0007","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article aims to analyze the current theory of managing the State-owned Enterprises (SOEs) with the use of Single Ownership Entity and to suggest alternative solution, particularly, managing SOEs with Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). After a thorough review of the literature analyzing the connection between CSR and SOEs, the article states that there are important missing points in the previous research and academic debate: (1) no scholar directly emphasizes CSR as the answer to the problems of SOEs; (2) there is no research conducted on the comparison of Single Ownership Entity and CSR, evaluating their potential positive effects on SOEs; (3) accordingly, academic literature does not discuss the ways and tools of implementation of CSR in SOEs. The article aims to fill this gap and emphasize the links between CSR and SOEs. Due to the challenges, goals and ownership structure of SOEs, CSR is the most suitable corporate governance model for SOEs and its effective implementation is more vital than the execution of recommendations on creating the single ownership entity suggested by international organizations. The research question of the article is to compare managing the SOEs with the use of the CSR model (Alternative Theory) to single ownership mechanism established by OECD (Current Theory) and find out whether CSR is a better solution to the existing problems of SOEs. Finally, the article discusses the institutional context of SOEs based on the examples of the countries of Eastern and Central Europe where the problems regarding SOEs remain remarkable; presents the balance of interests of stakeholders’ in SOEs in connection to Alternative and Current Theories; and combines analysis, research and recommendations of international organizations and academia towards the problems of SOEs.","PeriodicalId":38545,"journal":{"name":"Central European Journal of Public Policy","volume":"14 1","pages":"28 - 46"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46837694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Public policy responses to the spread of COVID-19 as a potential factor determining health results: a comparative study of the Czech Republic, the Russian Federation, and the Slovak Republic 应对新冠肺炎传播的公共政策对策是决定健康结果的一个潜在因素：捷克共和国、俄罗斯联邦和斯洛伐克共和国的比较研究

Central European Journal of Public Policy Pub Date : 2020-11-27 DOI: 10.2478/cejpp-2020-0008

T. Chubarova, I. Maly, J. Nemec

引用次数: 13

Prevalence of activities in later life across European regions 欧洲各地区晚年活动的流行程度

Central European Journal of Public Policy Pub Date : 2020-10-02 DOI: 10.2478/cejpp-2020-0006

Martin Lakomý

{"title":"Prevalence of activities in later life across European regions","authors":"Martin Lakomý","doi":"10.2478/cejpp-2020-0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/cejpp-2020-0006","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The active ageing policy supports several types of activities, including labour force participation, caregiving, social participation, and physical activity. The paper illustrates the prevalence of supported activities across individual characteristics and four supra-national European regions to assess how these activities are available for specific groups of older people. The analysis draws on wave 6 from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe held in 2015. A set of figures describes the availability of activities sorted by gender, age, health status, and the level of education in 17 European countries divided into four regions, and thus, presents the unavailable descriptive data important for researchers and policymakers. The results most of all show that the majority of the 50+ population engages in vigorous physical activity, whilst labour force participation and caregiving concern about one-third of it, and other activities much less. The findings show the inadequacy of the active ageing as a uniform context-insensitive EU policy and detect its potential for raising inequalities in later life, whilst the theoretical implications are discussed.","PeriodicalId":38545,"journal":{"name":"Central European Journal of Public Policy","volume":"14 1","pages":"14 - 27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47291801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Realising South Africa's National Development Plan goals: The need for change to a collaborative democracy to facilitate community participation 实现南非国家发展计划的目标：需要向合作民主转变，以促进社区参与

Central European Journal of Public Policy Pub Date : 2020-10-02 DOI: 10.2478/cejpp-2020-0004

C. Auriacombe, N. Meyer

{"title":"Realising South Africa's National Development Plan goals: The need for change to a collaborative democracy to facilitate community participation","authors":"C. Auriacombe, N. Meyer","doi":"10.2478/cejpp-2020-0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/cejpp-2020-0004","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A democratic government should adhere to firm public administration principles, legal instruments, structures and mechanisms. However, providing these elements is insufficient to guarantee integrated participative service delivery. This article aims to unravel the most important elements required to create a participative governance model that fuses horizontal intra-relationships between public officials and departments and vertical interactions between public and private networks. The research methodology entailed a critical desktop document analysis of books, articles, regulatory policy and strategy documents. Network governance was conceptually and contextually analysed through unobtrusive research methods. It served as a possible analytical model for democratic governance, where citizens take centre stage in participative decision-making. The findings provide both a description and a contextualisation of the themes that emerged from the research. The article highlights that the network governance model could help South Africa move forward from a dated, elitist democracy based on a dependency model, to a participative democracy model, where communities and government work together. The article concludes that South Africa can only realise the National Development Plans (NDPs) 2030 goals (to maximise people's development, strengthen governance networks and enhance state's capacity to provide adequate public services) by drawing on partnerships within a network governance framework.","PeriodicalId":38545,"journal":{"name":"Central European Journal of Public Policy","volume":"14 1","pages":"1 - 13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48303511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0