Psychodynamic Psychiatry最新文献_第10页

Maladaptive Personality Traits of Inpatients with Self-Harm Behavior and Its Association with Suicide Intent Severity. 住院自残行为患者适应不良人格特征及其与自杀意图严重程度的关系。

Psychodynamic Psychiatry Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1521/pdps.2023.51.3.350

Andre Teck Sng Tay, Samuel Eng Teck Cheng

{"title":"Maladaptive Personality Traits of Inpatients with Self-Harm Behavior and Its Association with Suicide Intent Severity.","authors":"Andre Teck Sng Tay, Samuel Eng Teck Cheng","doi":"10.1521/pdps.2023.51.3.350","DOIUrl":"10.1521/pdps.2023.51.3.350","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Inpatients with self-harm behavior utilize a high proportion of health care resources, and determining their suicide risk may be challenging. This study examines how maladaptive personality traits in people who self-harm are associated with suicide intent severity. Methods: This was a 5-month cross-sectional study. The International Personality Disorders Examination (IPDE) ICD-10 questionnaire, Beck's Suicide Intent Scale (SIS), and the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS) 21 were administered. Sociodemographic and clinical data were recorded with STATA version 10.1 for statistical analyses. Results: Thirty-seven out of 40 (92.50%) inpatients participated in this study. About two-thirds (n = 24, 64.86%) were first-time self-harmers, with self-poisoning (n = 33, 89.19%) being the most common method. About two-thirds (n = 24, 64.86%) had low to moderate suicide intent. The most common diagnosis was adjustment disorder (n = 21, 56.76%). Around one-third had at least severe ratings for depressive, anxiety, and stress symptoms. All screened positive for at least one class of maladaptive personality traits, with the majority (n = 33, 89.19%) having more than one class of maladaptive personality traits. The three most prevalent classes of maladaptive personality traits were anankastic (n = 28, 75.68%), schizoid (n = 25, 67.57%), and paranoid (n = 23, 62.16%). Only dissocial traits were positively correlated with suicide intent severity (regression coefficient = 1.37, p = .017) following adjustment for the most important confounder, DASS 21. Discussion: Maladaptive personality traits were common in inpatients with self-harm behavior, with dissocial traits being positively correlated with suicide intent severity. This finding may inform suicide prevention strategies for patients who self-harm.","PeriodicalId":38518,"journal":{"name":"Psychodynamic Psychiatry","volume":"51 3","pages":"350-373"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10337442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Do Psychedelics Facilitate Emergence of Unconscious Psychological Processes? 迷幻药会促进无意识心理过程的出现吗？

Psychodynamic Psychiatry Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1521/pdps.2023.51.3.270

Tomas Lindegaard

{"title":"Do Psychedelics Facilitate Emergence of Unconscious Psychological Processes?","authors":"Tomas Lindegaard","doi":"10.1521/pdps.2023.51.3.270","DOIUrl":"10.1521/pdps.2023.51.3.270","url":null,"abstract":"Psychedelic substances have a long history of use in traditional healing and religious ceremonies worldwide and are increasingly being investigated for their possible therapeutic usage. However, there is still a lack of consensus regarding how best to characterize the psychological effects of psychedelics and how they bring about the positive therapeutic outcomes observed in clinical studies. The aim of this article is to review available evidence from quantitative and qualitative studies on psychedelic-assisted therapy, as well as neurobiological studies, in relation to the hypothesis that psychedelics facilitate the emergence of emotionally charged unconscious material, originally proposed by pioneering psychedelics researcher Stanislav Grof. The reviewed process studies of therapeutic mechanisms in psychedelic-assisted therapy and qualitative studies of treatment participants clearly indicate that the psychedelic experience is associated with the subjective experience of having increased access to and awareness of emotions, memories, and perceptions that are normally avoided or outside of conscious awareness. Brain-imaging studies point to several different neurobiological effects of psychedelics that might be related to these subjective psychological experiences. Available evidence also indicates that this process might constitute an important therapeutic mechanism in psychedelic-assisted therapy, worthy of further investigation.","PeriodicalId":38518,"journal":{"name":"Psychodynamic Psychiatry","volume":"51 3","pages":"270-286"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10633037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Psychodynamic Psychiatry and Psychoanalysis in Thailand. 泰国的精神动力精神病学和精神分析。

Psychodynamic Psychiatry Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1521/pdps.2023.51.3.261

Rasmon Kalayasiri, Kanthee Anantapong, Poom Chompoosri, Warut Aunjitsakul

引用次数: 0

The Development of Psychodynamic Psychiatry in Iran. 伊朗精神动力精神病学的发展。

Psychodynamic Psychiatry Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1521/pdps.2023.51.2.160

Saman Tavakoli

引用次数: 0

Information for Authors. 作者信息。

Psychodynamic Psychiatry Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1521/pdps.2023.51.2.249

引用次数: 0

Clinical Implications of Countertransference in the Treatment of Addictions. 反移情在成瘾治疗中的临床意义。

Psychodynamic Psychiatry Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1521/pdps.2023.51.2.133

César A Alfonso

{"title":"Clinical Implications of Countertransference in the Treatment of Addictions.","authors":"César A Alfonso","doi":"10.1521/pdps.2023.51.2.133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1521/pdps.2023.51.2.133","url":null,"abstract":"The author provides a historical overview of the psychodynamics of addiction with particular emphasis on countertransference awareness and its relationship with treatment outcomes and prognosis. Countertransferences that frequently occur in the treatment of substance use disorders include shared helplessness, hopelessness, sadness, anxiety, fear, anger, rage, shame, and guilt. These emotional states in clinicians may lead to fatigue, avoidance, and acting out unless therapists are able to ground themselves and disidentify with the projected affective states. Positive emotions may lead to excessive enthusiasm in clinicians and deflect from the therapeutic process, resulting in deviation from established practice guidelines. Coexisting negative and positive affective states may lead to rescue fantasies and transgressions of boundaries. Contemporary psychodynamic clinicians appreciate the quantitative aspect of emotional reactions, where countertransferences accumulate exponentially over time, causing allostatic overload and compassion fatigue. Unanalyzed negative countertransferences are linked to either clinical avoidance or aggression, resulting in withdrawing care, failure of empathy, and dissolution or fragmentation of the therapeutic alliance. The negativism associated with the treatment of addictions may be rooted in unanalyzed countertransferences and psychosocial factors such as internalized negative societal attitudes and stigma. Degrading and dehumanizing attitudes toward people with substance use disorders could stem from internalized negative societal constructs against disenfranchised, minoritized, and stigmatized persons. This editorial introduces the work of Bernardine Han, an addiction psychiatrist who utilizes psychodynamic concepts to guide interventions with people with substance use disorders.","PeriodicalId":38518,"journal":{"name":"Psychodynamic Psychiatry","volume":"51 2","pages":"133-140"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9598399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Restarting Track II Diplomacy in Intractable Conflicts: How Psychoanalytic Concepts May Be Relevant. 在棘手的冲突中重新启动第二轨道外交:精神分析概念如何相关。

Psychodynamic Psychiatry Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1521/pdps.2023.51.2.206

Neil Krishan Aggarwal, Amarjit Singh Dulat, General Asad Durrani

{"title":"Restarting Track II Diplomacy in Intractable Conflicts: How Psychoanalytic Concepts May Be Relevant.","authors":"Neil Krishan Aggarwal, Amarjit Singh Dulat, General Asad Durrani","doi":"10.1521/pdps.2023.51.2.206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1521/pdps.2023.51.2.206","url":null,"abstract":"Since the 1980s, psychiatrists, psychologists, and diplomats have proposed psychoanalytic theories to inform peacemaking in international relations through Track II negotiations, defined as unofficial meetings among influential stakeholders with access to government policymakers. These contributions have focused on initiating or maintaining Track II negotiations (Aggarwal et al., 2023). In this article, we apply psychoanalytic concepts to the problem of restarting negotiations that have previously failed. This study introduces theories based on a dialogue that a cultural psychiatrist trained in South Asian Studies moderated with the past directors of India's and Pakistan's foreign intelligence agencies to consider how both countries could recommence negotiations. The two former directors have participated together in five Track II initiatives between India and Pakistan. All three authors reviewed best practices for addressing impediments to Track II negotiations and how Track II negotiations may be reinstituted once stalled. We did this in a far-reaching discussion devoted to the psychology of peacemaking. We introduce the theories of trust as interpersonal authenticity, the normalization of conflicts, the back channel as a process to work through diplomatic resistance, and negotiator selection criteria. Our theories and method present new ways to apply psychoanalytic concepts to diplomacy.","PeriodicalId":38518,"journal":{"name":"Psychodynamic Psychiatry","volume":"51 2","pages":"206-223"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9592581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Autism Spectrum Disorders: There Remains a Place for Psychodynamic Psychiatry through Neuroplasticity, Emotion Regulation, Caring Connections, and Hope. 自闭症谱系障碍:通过神经可塑性、情绪调节、关怀联系和希望，精神动力精神病学仍有一席之地。

Psychodynamic Psychiatry Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1521/pdps.2023.51.2.152

William M Singletary, Timothy Rice

{"title":"Autism Spectrum Disorders: There Remains a Place for Psychodynamic Psychiatry through Neuroplasticity, Emotion Regulation, Caring Connections, and Hope.","authors":"William M Singletary, Timothy Rice","doi":"10.1521/pdps.2023.51.2.152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1521/pdps.2023.51.2.152","url":null,"abstract":"There remains a role for psychodynamic psychiatry in the care of individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). Contemporary psychodynamic models are uniquely positioned to integrate today's neurobiological understandings of ASD with the subjective experience of those with ASD. Historical psychodynamic formulations of ASD struggled to appreciate the interrelatedness of biological, psychological, and social complexities in individuals with this disorder. Emotionally experienced or \"illusory\" environmental deprivation, early life stress, and allostatic overload, along with biological factors, current stress, and neuroplasticity, drive maladaptive coping and lead to difficulties with relationships. Fears of caring emotional connections are related to self-protective isolation and other maladaptive efforts to regulate emotions, shutting out what the child needs most-parents' love and help. In a nonlinear way, maladaptive emotion regulation further interferes with the development of the social brain. Thus, a psychodynamic defense-oriented focus upon adaptive emotion regulation provides a therapeutic avenue. Helping build the child's capacity for adaptive emotion regulation, which includes letting others help, can lead to a sense of safety and promote caring connections, a positive outcome. The authors offer guidance in the treatment of individuals with ASD in accordance with contemporary understandings of the disorder and care.","PeriodicalId":38518,"journal":{"name":"Psychodynamic Psychiatry","volume":"51 2","pages":"152-159"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9592580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Intensive and Brief Psychodynamic Psychotherapy in Severely Depressed Inpatients: A Case Study and Thematic Analysis. 重度抑郁症住院患者强化与简短心理动力治疗:个案研究与专题分析。

Psychodynamic Psychiatry Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1521/pdps.2023.51.2.224

Konstantinos Tzartzas, Yves de Roten, Gilles Ambresin

{"title":"Intensive and Brief Psychodynamic Psychotherapy in Severely Depressed Inpatients: A Case Study and Thematic Analysis.","authors":"Konstantinos Tzartzas, Yves de Roten, Gilles Ambresin","doi":"10.1521/pdps.2023.51.2.224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1521/pdps.2023.51.2.224","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Psychotherapy added to usual hospital care is beneficial. This study reports on two contrasting cases, one responder and one nonresponder, from a randomized controlled trial on the effectiveness of intensive and brief psychodynamic psychotherapy (IBPP) for depressed inpatients, in which reduction in depressive severity was maintained for up to 1 year after completion of IBPP. We aimed to explore how the psychotherapist and patient interacted to work through the themes of focalization (described in the IBPP manual) and how their work was part of a potential process of change. Methods: This case study is part of the general framework of mixed methods in psychotherapy combining quantitative analysis of data collected in a randomized controlled trial with a qualitative case study. Results: Two general categories emerged-(1) becoming the subject of one's depression and (2) regaining a sense of support-which combine specific functions. In the first, the functions relate to interactions in line with the psychoanalytic work of mourning, which aims for an appropriation of depressive symptoms. In the second, interactions have as their functions the construction of a therapeutic space and the restoration of an epistemic trust by acknowledging the patient's melancholic state and maintaining emotional contact. Work related to regaining a sense of support was observed in both cases, whereas work related to becoming the subject of one's depression was more specific to the responder case. Discussion: These results highlight the importance of interventions that help generate a sense of support and mobilize the internal processes of symbolization, understanding, and appropriation, leading patients to develop the capacity to give meaning to their symptoms and to understand the personal psychological factors related to the depressive episode.","PeriodicalId":38518,"journal":{"name":"Psychodynamic Psychiatry","volume":"51 2","pages":"224-240"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9592585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Stigma and Countertransference in Resident Attitudes toward Patients with Substance Use Disorders. 住院医师对物质使用障碍患者态度的污名和反移情。

Psychodynamic Psychiatry Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1521/pdps.2023.51.2.169

Bernadine H Han

{"title":"Stigma and Countertransference in Resident Attitudes toward Patients with Substance Use Disorders.","authors":"Bernadine H Han","doi":"10.1521/pdps.2023.51.2.169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1521/pdps.2023.51.2.169","url":null,"abstract":"Apprehending the full range of one's countertransference presents a challenge for the new therapist and psychiatry resident. Experiencing negative or aggressive feelings while also striving to consolidate one's professional identity and self-experience as a good, helpful, and competent doctor feels dissonant and contradictory. Developing and practicing the skills of countertransference awareness and analysis are crucial aspects of psychiatry and psychotherapy training. These skills can help the trainee navigate difficult clinical interactions through reflection on their own anxieties, as well as the unconscious social and personal biases and motivations that shape their countertransferences. This article examines some of the countertransference reactions that may be colored by social and personal stigma toward patients with substance use disorders. Acknowledging and exploring such countertransference reactions in training not only can provide valuable insights into the psychodynamic experiences of the patient and the treatment dyad, but also can sharpen a lifelong tool, helping the trainees weather powerful and disorienting countertransference currents, untangle their personal motivations and prejudices, and recognize the times when supervision may help to provide containment and clarity throughout their careers.","PeriodicalId":38518,"journal":{"name":"Psychodynamic Psychiatry","volume":"51 2","pages":"169-184"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9598400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0