Kelly Avery Mack, Emma J. McDonnell, Leah Findlater, H. Evans
{"title":"Chronically Under-Addressed: Considerations for HCI Accessibility Practice with Chronically Ill People","authors":"Kelly Avery Mack, Emma J. McDonnell, Leah Findlater, H. Evans","doi":"10.1145/3517428.3544803","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3517428.3544803","url":null,"abstract":"Accessible design and technology could support the large and growing group of people with chronic illnesses. However, human computer interactions (HCI) has largely approached people with chronic illnesses through a lens of medical tracking or treatment rather than accessibility. We describe and demonstrate a framework for designing technology in ways that center the chronically ill experience. First, we identify guiding tenets: 1) treating chronically ill people not as patients but as people with access needs and expertise, 2) recognizing the way that variable ability shapes accessibility considerations, and 3) adopting a theoretical understanding of chronic illness that attends to the body. We then illustrate these tenets through autoethnographic case studies of two chronically ill authors using technology. Finally, we discuss implications for technology design, including designing for consequence-based accessibility, considering how to engage care communities, and how HCI research can engage chronically ill participants in research.","PeriodicalId":384752,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 24th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131896583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"FootUI: Designing and Detecting Foot Gestures to Assist People with Upper Body Motor Impairments to Use Smartphones on the Bed","authors":"Xiaozhu Hu, Jiting Wang, Weiwei Gao, Yongquan Hu","doi":"10.1145/3517428.3563285","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3517428.3563285","url":null,"abstract":"Some people with upper body motor impairments but sound lower limbs usually use feet to interact with smartphones. However, touching the touchscreen with big toes is tiring, inefficient and easy to mistouch. Targeting at this pain point, we propose FootUI, which leverages the phone camera to track users’ feet and translates the foot gestures to smartphone operations. This technique enables users to interact with smartphones while reclining on the bed and improves the comfort of users. In this paper, we present the design and evaluation of the foot gestures through user studies as well as the development and evaluation of FootUI. Results show that toes-based foot gestures are not only less perceivable but also uncomfortable. FootUI avoid the use of toes-based gestures and is proved to be an easy, efficient and interesting input technique for people with upper body motor impairments but sound lower limbs.","PeriodicalId":384752,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 24th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132589310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Co-Designing Systems to Support Blind and Low Vision Audio Description Writers","authors":"Lucy Jiang, R. Ladner","doi":"10.1145/3517428.3550394","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3517428.3550394","url":null,"abstract":"Audio description (AD), an additional narration track that conveys visual information in media, improves video accessibility for blind or low vision (BLV) viewers. Despite being the primary beneficiaries of AD, BLV audiences are limited in how they can contribute to the AD writing process due to technology inaccessibility and societal biases. In this poster, we (1) prototype and test AccessibleAD, an accessible AD writing system, (2) analyze what context and features are valued by BLV description writers, and (3) explore nonvisual involvement in AD creation. This work expands on existing literature regarding audio description and explores best practices for expanding access to AD writing.","PeriodicalId":384752,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 24th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility","volume":"89 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126967734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jon E. Froehlich, Yochai Eisenberg, Maryam Hosseini, Fabio Miranda, Marc Adams, A. Caspi, Holger Dieterich, H. Feldner, Aldo Gonzalez, Claudina De Gyves, J. Hammel, Reuben Kirkham, M. Kneisel, D. Labbé, Steve J. Mooney, V. Pineda, C. Pinhao, A. Rodriguez, Manaswi Saha, Michael Saugstad, Judy L. Shanley, Ather Sharif, Qing Shen, Cláudio T. Silva, M. Sukel, Eric K. Tokuda, Sebastian Zappe, Anna Zivarts
{"title":"The Future of Urban Accessibility for People with Disabilities: Data Collection, Analytics, Policy, and Tools","authors":"Jon E. Froehlich, Yochai Eisenberg, Maryam Hosseini, Fabio Miranda, Marc Adams, A. Caspi, Holger Dieterich, H. Feldner, Aldo Gonzalez, Claudina De Gyves, J. Hammel, Reuben Kirkham, M. Kneisel, D. Labbé, Steve J. Mooney, V. Pineda, C. Pinhao, A. Rodriguez, Manaswi Saha, Michael Saugstad, Judy L. Shanley, Ather Sharif, Qing Shen, Cláudio T. Silva, M. Sukel, Eric K. Tokuda, Sebastian Zappe, Anna Zivarts","doi":"10.1145/3517428.3550402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3517428.3550402","url":null,"abstract":"Inaccessible urban infrastructure creates and reinforces systemic exclusion of people with disabilities and impacts public health, physical activity, and quality of life for all. To improve the design of our cities and to enable more equitable policies and location-centric technology designs, we need new data collection techniques, data standards, and accessibility-infused analytic tools and interactive maps focused on the quality, safety, and accessibility of pathways, transit ecosystems, and buildings. In this workshop, we bring together leading experts in human mobility, urban design, disability, and accessible computing to discuss pressing urban access challenges across the world and brainstorm solutions. We invite contributions from practitioners, transit officials, disability advocates, and researchers.","PeriodicalId":384752,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 24th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133514760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Should I Say “Disabled People” or “People with Disabilities”? Language Preferences of Disabled People Between Identity- and Person-First Language","authors":"Ather Sharif, Aedan Liam McCall, Kianna Roces Bolante","doi":"10.1145/3517428.3544813","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3517428.3544813","url":null,"abstract":"The usage of identity- (e.g., “disabled people”) versus person-first language (e.g., “people with disabilities”) to refer to disabled people has been an active and ongoing discussion. However, it remains unclear which semantic language should be used, especially for different disability categories within the overall demographics of disabled people. To gather and examine the language preferences of disabled people, we surveyed 519 disabled people from 23 countries. Our results show that 49% of disabled people preferred identity-first language whereas 33% preferred person-first language and 18% had no preference. Additionally, we explore the intra-sectionality and intersectionality of disability categories, gender identifications, age groups, and countries on language preferences, finding that language preferences vary within and across each of these factors. Our qualitative assessment of the survey responses shows that disabled people may have multiple or no preferences. To make our survey data publicly available, we created an interactive and accessible live web platform, enabling users to perform intersectional exploration of language preferences. In a secondary investigation, using part-of-speech (POS) tagging, we analyzed the abstracts of 11,536 publications at ACM ASSETS (N=1,564) and ACM CHI (N=9,972), assessing their adoption of identity- and person-first language. We present the results from our analysis and offer recommendations for authors and researchers in choosing the appropriate language to refer to disabled people.","PeriodicalId":384752,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 24th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115949902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"AAC with Automated Vocabulary from Photographs: Insights from School and Speech-Language Therapy Settings","authors":"M. Vargas, Jiamin Dai, Karyn Moffatt","doi":"10.1145/3517428.3544805","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3517428.3544805","url":null,"abstract":"Traditional symbol-based AAC devices impose meta-linguistic and memory demands on individuals with complex communication needs and hinder conversation partners from stimulating symbolic language in meaningful moments. This work presents a prototype application that generates situation-specific communication boards formed by a combination of descriptive, narrative, and semantic related words and phrases inferred automatically from photographs. Through semi-structured interviews with AAC professionals, we investigate how this prototype was used to support communication and language learning in naturalistic school and therapy settings. We find that the immediacy of vocabulary reduces conversation partners’ workload, opens up opportunities for AAC stimulation, and facilitates symbolic understanding and sentence construction. We contribute a nuanced understanding of how vocabularies generated automatically from photographs can support individuals with complex communication needs in using and learning symbolic AAC, offering insights into the design of automatic vocabulary generation methods and interfaces to better support various scenarios of use and goals.","PeriodicalId":384752,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 24th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123770803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Socially Connecting Adults with Intellectual Disabilities Through Inclusive Co-Design of Tangible and Visual Technology","authors":"Manesha Andradi","doi":"10.1145/3517428.3550416","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3517428.3550416","url":null,"abstract":"People with intellectual disabilities experience difficulties developing social connections with others as it heavily relies on verbal and written communication. Co-designing tangible and visual technology with people with intellectual disabilities can create new inclusive opportunities to connect with others and alternative modes of communication. This paper discusses a three stage research plan that has been created to explore such technologies, and provides findings from completing the first year of this research. This paper presents a broad research plan, what has been completed, and opportunities for novel research in the form of new technologies and design frameworks.","PeriodicalId":384752,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 24th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility","volume":"470 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123381314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dimitri Vargemidis, K. Gerling, L. Geurts, V. Abeele
{"title":"Flexible Activity Tracking for Older Adults Using Mobility Aids — An Exploratory Study on Automatically Identifying Movement Modality","authors":"Dimitri Vargemidis, K. Gerling, L. Geurts, V. Abeele","doi":"10.1145/3517428.3550371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3517428.3550371","url":null,"abstract":"Wearable activity trackers are inaccessible to older adults who use mobility aids (e.g., walker, wheelchair), because the accuracy of trackers drops considerably for such movement modalities (MMs). As an initial step to address this problem, we implemented and tested a minimum distance classifier to automatically identify the used MM out of seven modalities, including movement with or without a mobility aid, and no movement. Depending on the test setup, our classifier achieves accuracies between 82 % and 100 %. These findings can be leveraged in future work to combine the classifier with algorithms tailored to each mobility aid to make activity trackers accessible to users with limited mobility.","PeriodicalId":384752,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 24th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130075677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Accessible Communication and Materials in Higher Education","authors":"Kelly Avery Mack","doi":"10.1145/3517428.3550408","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3517428.3550408","url":null,"abstract":"Students with disabilities face numerous access barriers in higher education institutions. For example, many students struggle to receive the accommodations that they legally have a right to, and many course materials and tools are inaccessible (e.g., textbooks, required software, slide decks). Consequently, students with disabilities drop out of college at a higher rate than nondisabled students. In this dissertation, I aim to improve two core areas of inaccessibility for students with disabilities. First, I will learn about the common issues that arise when three stakeholders (disabled students, professors, and people working in disability service offices) work to fulfill technology-focused accommodations (e.g., slides, IDEs, lecture videos) for a student. Through this two part survey and interview/co-design study, I will develop design recommendations around how technology can better support this process. Second, I will apply techniques like optimization and natural language processing to build tools to identify and automatically repair common accessibility issues in a ubiquitous tool for teaching across departments: slide show presentations. By conducting this work, I will contribute software tools and design recommendations that will support disabled students in obtaining an accessible education.","PeriodicalId":384752,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 24th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123775776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"How people who are deaf, Deaf, and hard of hearing use technology in creative sound activities","authors":"Keita Ohshiro, M. Cartwright","doi":"10.1145/3517428.3550396","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3517428.3550396","url":null,"abstract":"Creative sound activities, such as music playing and audio engineering, are said to have been democratized with the development of technology. Yet, the use of technology in creative sound activities by people who are deaf, Deaf, and hard of hearing (DHH) has been underexplored by the research community. To address this gap, we conducted an online survey with 50 DHH participants to understand their use of technology and barriers they face in their creative sound activities. We find DHH people use four types of technology — hearing devices, sound manipulation, sound visualization, and speech-to-text — for three purposes — to improve sound perception via auditory and visual means, to avoid hearing fatigue, and to better communicate with hearing people. We also find their barriers to technology: unknown availability, limited options, and limitations that technology can solve. We discuss opportunities for more inclusive design specific to DHH people’s creative sound activities, as well as facilitating access to information about technology.","PeriodicalId":384752,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 24th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128392552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}