Nepal Journal of Health Sciences最新文献

Pattern of Self-medication in Primary Dysmenorrhea among Nursing Students at a Nursing College in Eastern Nepal 尼泊尔东部一所护理学院护理学生原发性痛经的自我药疗模式

Nepal Journal of Health Sciences Pub Date : 2022-12-31 DOI: 10.3126/njhs.v2i2.56782

D. Sarraf, B. K. Karn, Smita Singh

{"title":"Pattern of Self-medication in Primary Dysmenorrhea among Nursing Students at a Nursing College in Eastern Nepal","authors":"D. Sarraf, B. K. Karn, Smita Singh","doi":"10.3126/njhs.v2i2.56782","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/njhs.v2i2.56782","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Primary dysmenorrhea (PD) leads to college absenteeism, interference with daily living activities and higher intake of medications without consulting a physician and/or without a valid prescription.\u0000Objectives: To estimate the prevalence of PD, to know the pattern of self-medication in dysmenorrhea and to know the impact of dysmenorrhea on academic performance among undergraduate nursing students.\u0000Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among undergraduate nursing students at a nursing college in Eastern Nepal using a semi-structured questionnaire consisting of demographic characteristics, the impact of dysmenorrhea on academic performance and self-medication practices. A visual analogue scale was used to assess the severity of dysmenorrhea. Descriptive statistics were used to present the findings.\u0000Results: A total of 125 students participated in the study out of which 64 (51.20%) were 21-24 years old. Eighty-four (67.20%) students had PD that had affected academic performance negatively in 81 (96.43%) students. Fifty six (66.67%) students had a lack of concentration during study hours due to dysmenorrhea. A total of 42 (50.00%) students practiced self-medication for relieving the pain during dysmenorrhea. Mefenamic acid (90.48%) was the most commonly used analgesic. Only 29 (69.05%) students were able to mention the correct dose of the analgesic drug they take and 38 (90.48%) students were not able to mention the correct frequency of the drug intake they were taking during dysmenorrhea.\u0000Conclusions: Dysmenorrhea was highly prevalent among nursing students and had affected their academic performance negatively. The self-medication practices were not appropriate in a significant proportion of the students.","PeriodicalId":384518,"journal":{"name":"Nepal Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127437518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Antibacterial Sensitivity Profile of Bacteria Isolated from Solid Dump Waste of Hetauda Hospital, Nepal 尼泊尔Hetauda医院固体废弃物中分离细菌的抗菌敏感性分析

Nepal Journal of Health Sciences Pub Date : 2022-12-31 DOI: 10.3126/njhs.v2i2.56793

S. Deo, Sailendra Chaudhary, Ajay Yadav

{"title":"Antibacterial Sensitivity Profile of Bacteria Isolated from Solid Dump Waste of Hetauda Hospital, Nepal","authors":"S. Deo, Sailendra Chaudhary, Ajay Yadav","doi":"10.3126/njhs.v2i2.56793","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/njhs.v2i2.56793","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Lack of knowledge and awareness about hospital waste has been a concern amid inadequate hospital waste management facilities and ineffective policies.\u0000Objectives: To isolate the bacteria from the waste sample collected from the different departments of the hospital and study the sensitivity profile of the isolated bacteria.\u0000Method: Cross-sectional study was conducted for a period of 3 months examining the solid waste of Hetauda hospital of Bagmati Province. Untreated hospital solid waste samples were collected from Hetauda hospital from different departments like general wards, ICU/HDU, Emergency, OPD, Pharmacy, Laboratories. Battery of biochemical were performed according to the guideline of the Bergey’s Manual of Determinative Bacteriology. At the end, sensitivity pattern of the isolates was determined by measuring the zones of inhibition with a calibrated ruler, also interpreted according to Clinical and Laboratory standards institute(CLSI) criteria.\u0000Result: A total of 540 bacteria were isolated. Among them higher number of bacteria were isolated from the emergency department and general wards. Both gram positive and negative bacteria isolated from different wards/department has shown a higher percentage of resistant to different antibiotics; Ciprofloxacin, Ceftazidine, Cefotaxime, Gentamycin, Penicilin, piperatazobactum, imipenem, linezolid and cephalexin.\u0000Conclusion: Antibiotic resistant to different antibiotic isolated from the hospital has shown greater public health threats. The facilities/waste management in the hospital should be properly handled and regular monitoring should be performed.","PeriodicalId":384518,"journal":{"name":"Nepal Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115956126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Relationship of Scores of Empathy with Human Body Dissection and Gender among Undergraduate Medical Students of BPKIHS BPKIHS医学本科学生共情与人体解剖、性别的关系

Nepal Journal of Health Sciences Pub Date : 2022-12-31 DOI: 10.3126/njhs.v2i2.56785

Sandip Shah, S. Koirala, L. Khanal, Prakash Baral

{"title":"Relationship of Scores of Empathy with Human Body Dissection and Gender among Undergraduate Medical Students of BPKIHS","authors":"Sandip Shah, S. Koirala, L. Khanal, Prakash Baral","doi":"10.3126/njhs.v2i2.56785","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/njhs.v2i2.56785","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Medical empathy is defined as the predominantly cognitive attribute that involves the ability to understand patients’ experiences, concerns, and perspectives, and communicate this understanding with the intention of helping.\u0000Objectives: The main aim of present study was to determine the relationship of human body dissection and gender with level of empathy among the first and third year undergraduate medical students of B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences.\u0000Methods: A cross-sectional study conducted on first and third years medical students between the periods of August 2020 to March 2021. “The Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy-Student version” was used for assessment of empathy. Sample size of the study was 176 and the results were analyzed in Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, version 11.5. Student’s t-test, ANOVA and bivariate correlation models were employed for statistical analysis. The p <0.05 was considered as the significant level.The respondent rate of questionnaire was 88%.\u0000Results: The mean empathy score was found to be 88.13.The empathy score increased with increase of age (p<0.001) and year of course (p=0.066).The empathy score of Nepalese student was found to be lower as compare to Non–Nepalese student (p=0.016). The bivariate correlation analysis between empathy score and age was found to have positive correlation with statistical significant level (rs=0.270; p<0.001).\u0000Conclusions: These results suggest that the empathy score of Nepalese students’ increases with age and year of medical education.","PeriodicalId":384518,"journal":{"name":"Nepal Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132154093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Determination of Alcoholic Concentration in Four Different Home Brewed Alcoholic Beverages Using Gas Chromatography 气相色谱法测定四种不同自酿酒精饮料中的酒精浓度

Nepal Journal of Health Sciences Pub Date : 2022-12-31 DOI: 10.3126/njhs.v2i2.56804

Sushma Kaphle, Apurba Acharya, Arbin Shakya, B. Aryal

{"title":"Determination of Alcoholic Concentration in Four Different Home Brewed Alcoholic Beverages Using Gas Chromatography","authors":"Sushma Kaphle, Apurba Acharya, Arbin Shakya, B. Aryal","doi":"10.3126/njhs.v2i2.56804","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/njhs.v2i2.56804","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Alcohol, one of the most commonly consumed beverages across the world is manufactured both industrially as well as locally in Nepal. The proportions of locally brewed alcoholic beverages are higher due to geographical variation as well as presence of a population with varied cultural background. Even though the industrially manufactured alcoholic beverages are quantified, the home brewed beverages usually are produced and consumed without quantification. These alcoholic beverages consist of various components such as ethanol, methanol, iso-propanol, iso-butanol and others, each component having different pharmacological properties.\u0000Objectives: To determine the alcoholic concentration (ethanol, methanol, iso-propanol and iso-butanol) of four different varieties of home brewed alcoholic beverages in Jumla district, Nepal.\u0000Methods: Probability random sampling method was used for sample collection and sampling. The samples were taken to Zest laboratory, Bhaktapur. The laboratory then analysed all four samples to determine the concentration of different alcohols using Gas Chromatography. Unknown concentrations of different alcohol in the sample were measured by injecting standard sample with known concentration.\u0000Results: The concentration of alcoholic components in four different home brewed alcoholic beverage samples weredetermined using gas chromatographywith ethanol concentrations being 14.209%v/v, 16.323%v/v, 11.473%v/v and 49.217%v/v. Contamination was not detected in any of the samples except for one sample which contaminated iso-butanol (0.063% v/v).\u0000Conclusion: Various alcoholic components are present in home brewed alcoholic beverages at varied concentration levels and quantification of these beverages is highly essential in order to prevent health hazards associated with these components.","PeriodicalId":384518,"journal":{"name":"Nepal Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"330 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116355630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mad Honey Intoxication: A Rare Case Report 疯狂蜂蜜中毒:一例罕见病例报告

Nepal Journal of Health Sciences Pub Date : 2022-12-31 DOI: 10.3126/njhs.v2i2.56811

Raunak Khakural, Shailesh Shrestha, Kundan Raj Pandey, Sanyukta Gurung

引用次数: 0

Obesity and Disease Severity among COVID 19 Cases: A Hospital Based Study COVID - 19病例中的肥胖和疾病严重程度:一项基于医院的研究

Nepal Journal of Health Sciences Pub Date : 2022-12-31 DOI: 10.3126/njhs.v2i2.56792

Aashma Dahal, N. Karki

{"title":"Obesity and Disease Severity among COVID 19 Cases: A Hospital Based Study","authors":"Aashma Dahal, N. Karki","doi":"10.3126/njhs.v2i2.56792","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/njhs.v2i2.56792","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: According to World Health Organization report obesity has tripled between 1975 and 2016. The COVID-19 pandemic has occurred at a time when the prevalence of individuals with overweight/obesity is increasing at an unprecedented rate throughout all the continents.\u0000Objectives: This research aims to explore increased BMI (obesity) as a potential cause for COVID-19 disease severity in hospitalized patients by looking at the association between these two variables.\u0000Methods: It is a cross sectional analytical study which aims to assess the association between obesity and COVID-19 case severity in hospitalized patients of Hetauda Hospital.\u0000Results: 30.4 percent of the COVID-19 hospitalized cases had normal weight, 44.6 percent of them were obese, 17.4 percent were overweight whereas 7.6 percent of the admitted patients were underweight. Only 1 was mild case (1.1%), 52 participants (56.52%) were moderately severe cases and 39 (42.39%) cases of the 92 research participants were critically severe. Fisher Exact tests were performed to find the association between BMI and disease severity as categorical variables which showed that there was no significant association between the two variables (Fisher exact value=0.665).\u0000Conclusions: This study concludes that there is no association in between obesity and COVID-19 disease severity. However, this relationship should be further explored by research studies with more sample size.","PeriodicalId":384518,"journal":{"name":"Nepal Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124137508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Antioxidant, Antibacterial and Analgesic Activities of Buddleja asiatica Extract 菟丝子提取物的抗氧化、抗菌和镇痛活性

Nepal Journal of Health Sciences Pub Date : 2022-12-31 DOI: 10.3126/njhs.v2i2.56786

Subash Karki, Biswash Sapkota

{"title":"Antioxidant, Antibacterial and Analgesic Activities of Buddleja asiatica Extract","authors":"Subash Karki, Biswash Sapkota","doi":"10.3126/njhs.v2i2.56786","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/njhs.v2i2.56786","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Buddleja asiatica is an upright, evergreen shrub of the Loganiaceae family that can reach up to 1 to 8 meters tall and found between 300-2000 meters height in Nepal.\u0000Objectives: The objectives of this study are to assess the antibacterial, antioxidant, and analgesic properties of Buddleja asiatica aerial component.\u0000Methods: A typical chemical test was outlined to conduct the phytochemical analysis. The 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radicals scavenging experiment was used to quantitatively quantify the antioxidant activity of the methanolic extract. By using the well diffusion method, the antibacterial activity was assessed against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Swiss albino mice were utilized to test the analgesic efficacy of the extracts using the acetic acid-induced writhing method and the tail flick method.\u0000Results: The phytochemical screening identified the presence of reducing sugars, tannin, phenol, alkaloid, glycoside, and flavonoids. With a zone of inhibition of 19 mm, antibacterial efficacy against Staphylococcus aureus was demonstrated. The extract demonstrated scavenging potential in the DPPH free radical scavenging experiment, with an IC50 value of 123.68 μg/mL. At 600, 800, and 1000 mg/kg, the acetic acid-induced writhing method showed a significant (P < 0.05) analgesic effect. The tail flick approach, which evaluates the pain reaction time, also produced similar results.\u0000Conclusion: Different secondary metabolites contained in Buddleja asiatica were found in the methanolic extract, and these secondary metabolites were determined to be physiologically active in terms of good antioxidant, analgesic, and antibacterial activities.","PeriodicalId":384518,"journal":{"name":"Nepal Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"221 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132896426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Self-Esteem and Academic Performance among Undergraduate Medical Students in Nepal: A Cross-Sectional Study 尼泊尔医科大学生自尊与学业表现的横断面研究

Nepal Journal of Health Sciences Pub Date : 2022-12-31 DOI: 10.3126/njhs.v2i2.56806

Harikala Ghimire, Rachita Ghimire, Nikita Yadav, Priyanka Sharma, Nabu Praveen, Reiha Kiran Basnet, Dilip Sharma Banjade, B. R. Pokhrel

引用次数: 0

Status of Serum Vitamin B12 in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients under Metformin Therapy 二甲双胍治疗2型糖尿病患者血清维生素B12的变化

Nepal Journal of Health Sciences Pub Date : 2022-12-31 DOI: 10.3126/njhs.v2i2.56784

S. Sah, Suprita Gupta, A. Jha, S. Marasini, T. Yadav, Brijesh Shrestha

{"title":"Status of Serum Vitamin B12 in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients under Metformin Therapy","authors":"S. Sah, Suprita Gupta, A. Jha, S. Marasini, T. Yadav, Brijesh Shrestha","doi":"10.3126/njhs.v2i2.56784","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/njhs.v2i2.56784","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Type 2 diabetes mellitus, a prevalent global health problem, is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Metformin, the most widely used hypoglycemic agent can lead to a deficiency of vitamin B12. Very less information is available regarding the relationship between metformin therapy and vitamin B12 deficiency in the Nepalese population.\u0000Objectives: The study aims to evaluate the level of vitamin B12 in cases of diabetes mellitus under metformin therapy and to access the relationship of serum vitamin B12 level with the duration of metformin therapy.\u0000Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study with 300 diagnosed diabetes mellitus cases under metformin therapy were enrolled in the study after the consent was taken. The prior ethical clearance was taken and the duration of the study was from December 2021 to June 2022.\u0000Results: The study showed 78% (n=234) of the total diabetic cases under metformin therapy had lower vitamin B12. In 50-60 years, age group, 91% of them were vitamin B12 deficient. Vitamin B12 deficient cases were more with the increase in duration and dose of metformin therapy. All the diabetics who were under medication for 16-20 years had lower vitamin levels. About 94% (n=200) of the diabetics taking more than 1000 mg/day were vitamin B12 deficient whereas only 39% (n=34) of diabetics taking less than 1000mg/day were found to be deficient.\u0000Conclusions: Vitamin B12 is deficient in diabetics under long-term and higher doses of metformin therapy. Diabetic patients who are undergoing metformin treatment should monitor their vitamin B12 status as they are more prone to vitamin B12 deficiency.","PeriodicalId":384518,"journal":{"name":"Nepal Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125403065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Forced Orthodontic Eruption of Impacted Maxillary Canine: A Case Report 上颌阻生犬齿强制拔牙1例

Nepal Journal of Health Sciences Pub Date : 2022-12-31 DOI: 10.3126/njhs.v2i2.56810

N. Chaudhary, J. Giri, R. Gyawali, Prabhat Pokharel

引用次数: 0