{"title":"Advanced Control Strategies for Resilient Voltage and Frequency Regulation in Smart Grids","authors":"Rahul Kumar Jha, Birendra Kumar Shah, Amit Patel","doi":"10.36548/jeea.2024.1.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36548/jeea.2024.1.001","url":null,"abstract":"This study discusses advanced control strategies for voltage and frequency regulation in smart grids, particularly in the integration of renewable energy sources and electrification. These strategies, including Model Predictive Control (MPC), adaptive control, optimal control, robust control, and distributed control, aim to optimize control actions while adhering to system constraints. Case studies show their effectiveness in high photovoltaic penetration, wind power integration, and microgrid operation. However, challenges persist, such as managing uncertainties and coordinating multiple controllers in decentralized power systems. The study acknowledges ongoing research and development in this field, emphasizing the potential for enhancing voltage and frequency regulation in smart grids.","PeriodicalId":383103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electrical Engineering and Automation","volume":"15 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140083038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Parthiban, G. Madhumitha, P. R. Sowmiya, M. Shastika
{"title":"Proactive Fault Detection in Rotating Machinery using Machine Learning- A Survey","authors":"R. Parthiban, G. Madhumitha, P. R. Sowmiya, M. Shastika","doi":"10.36548/jeea.2024.1.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36548/jeea.2024.1.002","url":null,"abstract":"This study presents a survey of approaches for proactive fault detection in rotating machinery, with a focus on the early identification of bearing faults to enhance equipment reliability and operational efficiency. Traditional methods, relying on physical sensors and manual inspections, often lack the ability to provide timely insights into emerging faults. In contrast, the surveyed approaches integrate non-contact vibration sensors with advanced machine learning techniques, revolutionizing fault detection capabilities. The study presents a brief overview of the methods used in classification of the rotating machinery defects using the machine learning and recommends a combination of machine learning methods at different stages to overcome the challenges of the traditional methods. The collected vibration signals undergo noise reduction via the Hilbert transform, followed by dimensionality reduction and feature selection using Independent Component Analysis (ICA) and Genetic Algorithms (GA), respectively. The selected features are then employed for fault detection and categorization using Random Forest (RF) and Deep Belief Networks (DBN). The Future work will involve the implementation and evaluation of these approaches in real-world industrial settings to validate their effectiveness and reliability.","PeriodicalId":383103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electrical Engineering and Automation","volume":"310 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140274031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yashwanth S D, Sushma B S, P. Shukla, Surya M S, Pavan Gowda T
{"title":"Design and Analysis of Self-Energising Unmanned Underwater Vehicle (UUV)","authors":"Yashwanth S D, Sushma B S, P. Shukla, Surya M S, Pavan Gowda T","doi":"10.36548/jeea.2023.3.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36548/jeea.2023.3.001","url":null,"abstract":"This research focuses on the development of a self-energizing underwater vehicle that utilizes wave energy to power its circuit. The objective of the research work is to demonstrate the feasibility of harnessing renewable energy sources in an underwater environment and showcase the potential for sustainable power generation. To ensure the structural integrity of the vehicle under water, rigorous simulation analysis has been conducted using ANSYS software. The hull design has undergone thorough scrutiny to determine its ability to withstand water pressure at depths of up to 5 meters. The simulation results confirm that the submarine's hull design is robust and capable of withstanding the expected operating conditions. This study holds great significance in the field of marine engineering as it explores alternative energy sources for underwater applications. By harnessing wave energy, this work contributes to the development of sustainable technologies that can potentially revolutionize underwater operations. The use of renewable energy sources minimizes environmental impact and reduces reliance on traditional power sources. Throughout this research, challenges were encountered, including optimizing the turbine system efficiency, ensuring reliable power transfer, and maintaining the structural integrity of the submarine. These challenges were addressed through careful design considerations and iterative improvements. The knowledge gained from this study can be applied to various underwater applications such as marine exploration, environmental monitoring, and data collection. Future research and development should focus on enhancing the turbine design, integrating advanced power management systems, and conducting field tests to validate the system's performance in real-world-scenarios.","PeriodicalId":383103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electrical Engineering and Automation","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127635497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. ArulKumar, N. Hemalatha, T. Deepika Vyshnavi, C. Gangaraju, G. Vamsi
{"title":"Intelligent Power Controller for BLDC Motor","authors":"K. ArulKumar, N. Hemalatha, T. Deepika Vyshnavi, C. Gangaraju, G. Vamsi","doi":"10.36548/jeea.2023.3.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36548/jeea.2023.3.003","url":null,"abstract":"Now-a-days BLDC motors are used in many applications including electric vehicles. The battery-operated vehicles are gaining popularity as people become increasingly aware of the adverse effects of fossil fuel-powered vehicles on the environment. These battery- operated vehicles are equipped with the Brushless direct current (BLDC) motor due to its high efficiency. Many researchers carried out researches to regulate the operations of BLDC motors. In this research the control of BLDC motor is analyzed. While taking into account reliability and durability, the BLDC motor fails to provide an increased fault tolerance, with decreased electromagnetic interference, acoustic noise, flux ripples, and torque ripple. Torque ripple in a BLDC motor’s is mainly caused due to the variation in the interactions across the stator and rotor as well the electromagnetic fields. So, the research has come up with the solution to the torque ripple using the controllers. By using intelligent power controllers, the output performance can be improved with good power quality and efficiency.","PeriodicalId":383103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electrical Engineering and Automation","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126775069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Enhancing Climate Adaptation Through Hybrid Energy Systems","authors":"Rahul Kumar Jha","doi":"10.36548/jeea.2023.3.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36548/jeea.2023.3.002","url":null,"abstract":"This review investigates the potential of hybrid energy systems in bolstering climate adaptation within power generation. By seamlessly integrating renewable energy sources with conventional counterparts, these systems offer heightened resilience against climate extremes. This research analyses the multifaceted benefits, address challenges, and present optimization methodologies, emphasizing the interdisciplinary essence of such integration. Case studies showcase the real-world applications. This synthesis underlines the imperative for collaborative efforts across climatology, engineering, and policy domains. The insights garnered guide future research in optimizing hybrid configurations, thus fostering climate resilience and propelling sustainable energy advancements.","PeriodicalId":383103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electrical Engineering and Automation","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130804818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
None Sanjay S Tippannavar, None Halesh M R, None Pilimgole Sudarshan Yadav
{"title":"Implementation And Comparison of Different Stages of Current Starved CMOS Ring Oscillator – A Study","authors":"None Sanjay S Tippannavar, None Halesh M R, None Pilimgole Sudarshan Yadav","doi":"10.36548/jeea.2023.3.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36548/jeea.2023.3.004","url":null,"abstract":"The ring oscillators serves as the fundamental building blocks in both digital and analog circuit design, as its extensive use is found in various electrical systems, including phase-locked loops, frequency dividers, and clock generators. This study gives a general overview of the ring oscillator circuit, including its workings, uses, and important design considerations. The ring oscillator generates timing signals for synchronous operation and is often employed as a clock generator in digital systems. It may also be used as a frequency divider to separate higher frequencies into lower ones. A closed loop is used to connect an odd number of inverting stages to create the ring oscillator circuit. An inverter, which is often built using complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) technology, is a component of every stage. By adding a delay to each step, the ring oscillator creates a self-sustaining oscillation. The development and comparison of 3, 5, and 7 stage ring oscillators for different performance metrics, as well as corner analysis for propagation delay and the effect of temperature on the operation of the ring oscillator was performed using Cadence Virtuoso with 90nm technology. This comparison of several phases of a current-starved (CS) ring oscillator offers an advantage to the best design with innovation based on the technology employed and outcomes from the corner analysis, which hasn't been done in any of the more recent researches.","PeriodicalId":383103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electrical Engineering and Automation","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135686463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Integrating RF MEMS Switch on Array Antenna to Achieve Reconfigurability in Wideband Application","authors":"None V. Bhavani Shankar, None P. Sakthibalan","doi":"10.36548/jeea.2023.3.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36548/jeea.2023.3.006","url":null,"abstract":"Reconfigurable multi-band antennas are highly used for commercial as well as military purposes as a single antenna could be reconfigured dynamically to send and the receive multiple signals of different frequency simultaneously. In this work an antenna array is designed and integrated with RF MEMS shunt capacitive switch over it, for the applications of S,C,X-band in the frequency range of 2-12GHz. A membrane that can move freely over a coplanar waveguide serves as the MEMS switch. Here, a double meander tuned dual beam arrangement is used to increase switch isolation. Electrostatic mechanisms are used for actuators due to their low power requirements, compact design, and quick switching. By the simulation result, The beam starts to bend from 0.60793mm to 0.4116mm at the voltage 1.78492mV to 57.7382mV and it provides capacitance at 1.435pF to 1.597nF. It was noticed that the insertion loss (S21) and the return loss (S11) of a MEMS switch are around -0.079 dB and 20.618 dB correspondingly, in order to have a good switching characteristic in the up state. The switch has an insertion loss (S21) of -31.307 dB and return loss (S11) of about -0.256 dB in the up state thus exhibiting good switch characteristics. The RF MEMS shunt capacitive switch is integrated on the predesigned antenna array the dynamically shifting of the switch from on state to off state helps achieving the reconfigurability in the antenna array. Such antennas are applicable in spaceborne radar, communication satellites, unmanned aerial vehicles, unmanned aircraft system and various other communication as well as sensing applications.","PeriodicalId":383103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electrical Engineering and Automation","volume":"377 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135737545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abhijeet Agrawal, Manish Deshmukh, None Sumit Kumar Gupta, Soma Das
{"title":"MIMO Two Dimensional Metamaterial Antenna for Wireless Communication and Radar Applications","authors":"Abhijeet Agrawal, Manish Deshmukh, None Sumit Kumar Gupta, Soma Das","doi":"10.36548/jeea.2023.3.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36548/jeea.2023.3.005","url":null,"abstract":"The current research, aims in minimizing the mutual coupling between the antennas. An unique wideband square split ring metamaterial structure is proposed and positioned in the same plane of antenna. At frequencies between 4.2 GHz and 8 GHz, isolation of -20 dB is achieved due to the ENG features present in metamaterial structure. The metamaterial structure proposed has a permittivity of 4.3, it is made on FR-4 Substrate with 1.6 mm thickness. The proposed MIMO antenna operates in the C band (4.2 GHz-8 GHz) and has an isolation of -20 dB after applying a decoupling method in the entire C band. Gain, ECC, and DG among other performance and diversity factors, are computed and found within the allowed operating range for MIMO, further demonstrating that the design is a good substitution for the other existing design.","PeriodicalId":383103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electrical Engineering and Automation","volume":"94 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135737018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Solar Powered Charging Station for Electric Vehicle","authors":"KB Sen, Rajkumar G","doi":"10.36548/jeea.2023.2.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36548/jeea.2023.2.007","url":null,"abstract":"As the demand for sustainable transportation continues to grow, the integration of renewable energy sources into Electric Vehicle (EV) charging infrastructure has become a vital focus. The concept and benefits of a solar-powered EV charging station proposed in this research, combines solar Photovoltaic (PV) technology with efficient charging infrastructure. The solar-powered EV charging station serves as an innovative solution that harnesses clean and renewable energy from the sun to charge electric vehicles. By leveraging solar PV panels, this charging station reduces reliance on traditional grid electricity, decreases carbon emissions, and promotes sustainable mobility. Furthermore, this study discusses the potential challenges and considerations involved in implementing a solar-powered EV charging station, including site selection, system sizing, grid interconnection, and maintenance requirements. It emphasizes the need for collaboration between renewable energy experts, charging infrastructure providers, and relevant stakeholders to address these challenges and drive the adoption of solar-powered EV charging stations. In conclusion, the abstract presents the solar-powered EV charging station as a sustainable and forward-thinking solution for promoting cleaner transportation. By leveraging solar energy, this charging infrastructure contributes to the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, fosters energy resilience, and paves the way for a greener future in the realm of electric mobility. It is observed that the proposed system is more efficient than the existing system in terms of fast operation.","PeriodicalId":383103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electrical Engineering and Automation","volume":"754 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132681882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Non-Isolated Multiport Converter for E-Vehicle Applications","authors":"Muruga Ramya G, K. Baskaran","doi":"10.36548/jeea.2023.2.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36548/jeea.2023.2.002","url":null,"abstract":"The necessity to reduce the risks in the environmental pollution has paved way for the options that help in minimizing it. Electric vehicle is one such option and the most evolving means in this field. The EV system in order to achieve a high peak requires multiple sources to be integration. So, a bidirectional buck boost DC to DC converter with four port is realized in this research for integration of many sources instead of using dedicated converter. This non isolated multi-port converter with compact size, minimum number of components and simple controlstructure enhances converter reliability and makes it more economical. This converter has the ability to accommodate energy sources with varying current and voltage characteristics. This converter has two input ports the DC supply & the Batteryas well as two output ports motor and auxiliary loads. This multi-port converter exhibits bidirectional power flow capability during the regenerative braking of an E-Vehicle. The converter employs three switches to control the flow of power. The article aims in studying the performance of the controller structure used in regulating the flow in power of energy sources and analyses its dynamic as well as the steady state characteristics. The design is validated using MATLAB Simulink tool to ensure its performance.","PeriodicalId":383103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electrical Engineering and Automation","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114976047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}