2006 International Conference on Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Engineering最新文献

{"title":"Blood Flow Velocities in Common Carotid Artery Changes with Age and Exercise Study by using of telemetry method","authors":"A. Azhim, M. Katai, M. Akutagawa, Y. Hirao, K. Yoshizaki, S. Obara, M. Nomura, H. Tanaka, H. Yamaguchi, Y. Kinouchi","doi":"10.1109/ICBPE.2006.348650","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICBPE.2006.348650","url":null,"abstract":"Measurement of blood flow velocity using Doppler ultrasound has become an important noninvasive tool not only in the diagnosis of cardiovascular disease but also in physiological measurement. Physiological blood flow velocities in common carotid artery (CCA) is altered markedly with advancing age. It is unknown that regular aerobic exercise training can alter and improve blood flow velocity waveforms in either healthy young or healthy older individuals. Blood flow velocities were measured in 89 putatively healthy volunteers with age range of 20-76 years: 65 subjects were sedentary and 24 subjects were regular exercise-trained. Blood flow velocity spectra were measured at resting using our newly developed portable telemetry Doppler ultrasound velocimeter (TDUV) with real-time monitoring. Blood flow velocity waveforms were obtained from the spectral blood flow velocities of instantaneous peak-velocities. As a result, blood flow in peak systolic SI, end-diastolic d, and peak diastolic velocities D decreased with aging by the following yearly rate: 7.18 mm/s/year, 2.64 mm/s/year, and 1.24 mm/s/year, respectively. Thus the indices of d/S1, S1/S2, and D/I had a significant change with age. However, resting heart rate (HR) and second systolic velocities S2 were not significantly changed with aging. Blood flow velocities in SI were higher in the exercise-trained, whereas S2, D, and d velocities had no difference between trained and sedentary adults. However, the index of D/I had a marked higher in exercise-trained adults. As anticipated to exercise effect, the resting heart rate (HR) were significantly lower in exercise-trained. There were no differential effects in three age-groups (P= NS, by multivariate analysis). In conclusion, an age-associated decrease blood flow velocities in CCA was altered and improved in the healthy middle-aged and older individuals who regularly performed aerobic exercise. The blood flow patterns in three age-groups design had no markedly change with age in regular aerobic exercise-trained adults. The adaptations of blood flow velocities to regular exercise were not different with aging.","PeriodicalId":382525,"journal":{"name":"2006 International Conference on Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Engineering","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131379684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Computational Models for Identifying Promiscuous HLA-B7 Binders based on Information Theory and Support Vector Machine","authors":"G. Zhang, J. Tong, Z. H. Zhang, J. August, Yun Zheng, C. Kwoh, V. Brusic","doi":"10.1109/ICBPE.2006.348607","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICBPE.2006.348607","url":null,"abstract":"Computational vaccinology is a developing discipline. To become a standard component in vaccine development, it requires accurate and broadly applicable models of wet-lab experiments. We developed prediction models based on a novel data representation of peptide/MHC interaction and support vector machines (SVM) for prediction of peptides that promiscuously bind to multiple human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles belonging to HLA-B7 supertype. 10-fold cross-validation results showed that the area under the receiver operating curve (Aroc) of SVM models is above 0.90. Blind testing results showed that the average Aroc of SVM models is 0.84. A learning approach based on information theory, termed Information Learning Approach, was used for feature selection. Several amino acid positions with high information content have been identified in input 9mer peptides and HLA alleles and were used as input features to SVM. They are position 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9 in 9mer peptides and position 45 and 97 in HLA-B7 molecules. Prediction accuracy was improved after feature selection. These positions cover the anchor positions of HLA-B7 alleles, which have important biological roles for successful biding of relevant peptides.","PeriodicalId":382525,"journal":{"name":"2006 International Conference on Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Engineering","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129301432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Automated Endocardial Boundary Detection using Dynamic Directional Gradient Vector Flow Snakes","authors":"Kirthika, S. Foo","doi":"10.1109/ICBPE.2006.348555","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICBPE.2006.348555","url":null,"abstract":"The endocardial boundary detection of the left ventricle (LV) of the heart is a valuable diagnostic step to determine the abnormalities of the heart. In this paper, an automated method to obtain the endocardial boundary is proposed. The watershed transformation is performed on the morphological image to localize the region contained the LV (ROI). The DDGVF field is then utilized dynamically to deform the snake into the endocardial boundary of the LV.","PeriodicalId":382525,"journal":{"name":"2006 International Conference on Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Engineering","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124472533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Some limitations of localizing inert region from eeg","authors":"M. Katayama, M. Akutagawa, U. Abeyratne, Y. Kaji, F. Shichijo, H. Nagashino, Y. Kinouchi","doi":"10.1109/ICBPE.2006.348578","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICBPE.2006.348578","url":null,"abstract":"Investigation of the diagnosis of human brain through the electroencephalograph (EEG) is an important application of EEG signals. While automated techniques exist for EEG analysis, it is likely that additional information can be extracted from EEG signals through the use of new methods. In this paper, we propose a method that applies artificial neural networks approach for identification of the inactive brain region from EEG signals. Let us assume for a while that inert region. The method has three main steps. First, a large scale, complex EEG signals is simply normalized into a reasonable data. Second, characteristic feature from EEG signals, the normalized EEG data has no regular rule and is still so complex that neural network can not learn the characteristic feature from EEG. Hence we extract characteristic feature from EEG and use root mean square (RMS) processes in EEG data. Finally, neural network is supplied as the input value to these processes in EEG and learn these characteristic feature. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the method, we perform simulations on location of inert region from EEG data, consists of training and test data. These EEG estimation tasks were created by using a set of calculated, artificial EEG signals based on a number of current dipoles. The experimental results indicate that the proposed method has several attractive features. 1) The method can estimate the EEG feature of inert region and better generalization performance can be achieved than non preprocessing EEG. 2) The more larger inert region were, the more small estimation error become. 3) If the sampling point of EEG signals is large, the estimation error will grow smaller.","PeriodicalId":382525,"journal":{"name":"2006 International Conference on Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Engineering","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121025261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design and Mechanics of TLIF/ELIF Implants","authors":"F. Fuss, R. Sabitzer","doi":"10.1109/ICBPE.2006.348589","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICBPE.2006.348589","url":null,"abstract":"Lumbar interbody fusion is the standard treatment for degenerative disc disease. This study served to compute the stress levels and load transfer in a composite structure, consisting of fusion implant, bone-graft that finally becomes fusion-bone, and rods of the dorsal stabilisation. The implant was represented by different materials and the fusion process was simulated by increasing Young's moduli of the bone-graft / fusion-bone component. Fusion implants with a low Young's modulus produce a higher stress and load in the bone-graft / fusion-bone which is advantageous for the fusion, but subject the rods of the dorsal stabilisation to bending stress additionally to axial stress which bears the risk of pedicle screw failure.","PeriodicalId":382525,"journal":{"name":"2006 International Conference on Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Engineering","volume":"27 16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126224417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparation and Characterization of Poly-ε-caprolactone Carrier Particles for Controlled Insulin Delivery","authors":"A. Mukerjee, V. Pruthi, V. Sinha","doi":"10.1109/ICBPE.2006.348599","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICBPE.2006.348599","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, with the aid of newer technology, pharmaceutics and formulation engineering has emerged as a fascinating field with applications in diverse areas as drug delivery, biomaterials, drug targeting and nanotechnology. In the pharmaceutical industry, novel drug delivery technologies represent a strategic tool for expanding drug markets. This new technology can address issues associated with current pharmaceuticals, by extending product life or by adding to their performance and acceptability, either by increasing efficacy or improving safety and patient compliance. Protein delivery through microspheres and nanospheres is expected to create innovations and play a critical role not only in drug delivery but also in target-specific drug therapy. Microspheres made of biodegradable polymers are preferred because surgical removal of spent device, as in the case of implants, is not required. Further, there is no possibility of toxicological problems, their release rates can be tailored and they degrade in biological fluids to produce biocompatible or non-toxic products in the body, which are removed by normal physiological pathways. Our present work investigates the method for the efficient encapsulation of insulin in poly-ε-caprolactone microspheres and nanospheres using a water-in-oil-in-water double emulsion solvent evaporation method. The microspheres and nanospheres, thus formed, were characterized for entrapment efficiency, percent yield, particle size analysis, morphological characteristics and the drug release profiles. Our studies showed the successful formulation of smooth spherical poly-ε-caprolactone microspheres and nanospheres encapsulating insulin, thus highlighting them as potential controlled drug delivery systems.","PeriodicalId":382525,"journal":{"name":"2006 International Conference on Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Engineering","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131294146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"2006 International Conference on Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Engineering","authors":"P. Hesketh, Chee Keong Kwoh Co-Chairperson, S. Tjin, Y. W. Chan, S. Chou, L. Kwek, A. Liu, A. Rajan, R. Shivakeshavan, V. Ramnath, R. Irawan, C. Tay","doi":"10.1109/icbpe15621.2009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icbpe15621.2009","url":null,"abstract":"The conference proceedings on biomedical and pharmaceutical engineering are presented.","PeriodicalId":382525,"journal":{"name":"2006 International Conference on Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Engineering","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134012761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}