Forensic Science Review最新文献_第5页

The potential use of 2-aminothiazoline-4-carboxylic acid (ATCA) as a forensic marker for cyanide exposure in medicolegal death investigation: A review. 2-氨基噻唑-4-羧酸(ATCA)作为氰化物暴露法医标记物在法医死亡调查中的潜在应用综述。

Forensic Science Review Pub Date : 2019-01-01

S Y Li, I Petrikovics, J Yu

{"title":"The potential use of 2-aminothiazoline-4-carboxylic acid (ATCA) as a forensic marker for cyanide exposure in medicolegal death investigation: A review.","authors":"S Y Li, I Petrikovics, J Yu","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Cyanide (CN) is one of the most toxic of all substances and can be found in various natural and anthropogenic sources. Sensitive and effective methods for the confirmation of CN exposure are crucial in medical, military, and forensic settings. Due to its high volatility and reactivity, direct detection of CN from postmortem samples could raise inconclusive interpretation issues that may hinder accurate determination of the cause of death. The detection of the alternative CN metabolites as markers to test CN exposure may offer a solution to reduce the potential for false-negative and false-positive results. 2-Aminothiazoline-4-carboxylic acid (ATCA) is a minor metabolite of CN and has been proposed to be a potential alternative forensic marker for the confirmation of CN exposure. According to the current state of knowledge, ATCA has not yet been associated with other metabolic pathways except for CN detoxification. Moreover, ATCA is stable under various conditions over time. This article reviews analytical methods developed for the analysis of ATCA as well as studies related to potential use of ATCA as a marker for the diagnosis of CN exposure. The need for research related to the use of ATCA as a reliable forensic marker for CN exposure in medicolegal death investigations is also discussed.","PeriodicalId":38192,"journal":{"name":"Forensic Science Review","volume":"31 1","pages":"45-58"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36865168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fire investigation: Historical perspective and recent developments. 火灾调查:历史的观点和最近的发展。

Forensic Science Review Pub Date : 2019-01-01

J J Lentini

引用次数: 0

Applications of Raman spectroscopy in forensic science. I: Principles, comparison to infrared spectroscopy, and instrumentation. 拉曼光谱在法医学中的应用。原理、与红外光谱学的比较和仪器。

Forensic Science Review Pub Date : 2018-07-01

E M Suzuki, P Buzzing

{"title":"Applications of Raman spectroscopy in forensic science. I: Principles, comparison to infrared spectroscopy, and instrumentation.","authors":"E M Suzuki, P Buzzing","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"There have been several significant advances in Raman spectroscopy instrument technology during the past few decades, including the introduction of several new laser sources, the development of holographic gratings, efficient Rayleigh line rejection filters, and CCD array detectors, and the advent of FT-Raman spectrometers. In view of these developments, Raman spectroscopy is now a fully mature analytical technique on par with its counterpart, infrared spectroscopy. The latter technique experienced a quantum leap in use in the forensic science laboratory following the introduction of inexpensive FT-IR spectrometers in the 1980s, but forensic scientists have been slower to embrace Raman spectroscopy. This may stem in part from the perception that fluorescence prevents its use for many samples. However, a more significant factor may be insufficient understanding of the unique capabilities of Raman spectroscopy, including how it can provide information not accessible using other methods. This promising technique is finally making some inroads into the forensic science laboratory, and this will continue as forensic scientists gain a greater appreciation of its features and merits. To facilitate this process, this article presents a comprehensive review of Raman spectroscopy, with an emphasis on how and why this underutilized cousin to infrared spectroscopy can be a very valuable tool for the analysis of a wide variety of evidentiary materials. Owing to the wide scope of this review, it is presented in two parts. Most forensic scientists are not very familiar with inelastic scattering and Part I of this article describes the principles and instrumentation of Raman spectroscopy. Forensic scientists, however, are generally more knowledgeable about infrared spectroscopy, and a comparison of the spectral data produced by these two related vibrational methods for various categories of analytes is also presented and discussed.","PeriodicalId":38192,"journal":{"name":"Forensic Science Review","volume":"30 2","pages":"111-135"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36359531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Applications of Raman spectroscopy in forensic science. II: Analysis considerations, spectral interpretation, and examination of evidence. 拉曼光谱在法医学中的应用。II:分析考虑、光谱解释和证据检验。

Forensic Science Review Pub Date : 2018-07-01

E M Suzuki, P Buzzing

{"title":"Applications of Raman spectroscopy in forensic science. II: Analysis considerations, spectral interpretation, and examination of evidence.","authors":"E M Suzuki, P Buzzing","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"There have been several significant advances in Raman spectroscopy instrumentation during the past few decades, and this method is now a fully mature analytical technique on par with its counterpart, infrared spectroscopy. The latter method experienced a quantum leap in use in the forensic science laboratory following the introduction of inexpensive FT-IR spectrometers in the 1980s, but forensic scientists have been slower to embrace Raman spectroscopy. However, this promising technique is finally making some inroads into the forensic science laboratory, and to facilitate this process, this article presents a comprehensive review of Raman spectroscopy; it emphasizes how and why this underutilized method can be a very valuable tool for the analysis of a wide variety of evidentiary materials. Part I of this article described the principles of Raman spectroscopy, including theory, instrumentation, and a comparison of spectral data obtained using infrared and Raman methods for various analytes. Part II discusses how different analytical conditions can affect Raman spectra, and what bearing this and other factors may have on spectral interpretation; it also presents a review of the literature describing applications of Raman spectroscopy for the examination of various types of evidence.","PeriodicalId":38192,"journal":{"name":"Forensic Science Review","volume":"30 2","pages":"137-169"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36359533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Instability and poor recovery of cannabinoids in urine, oral fluid, and hair. 尿、口服液和头发中的大麻素不稳定且恢复不良。

Forensic Science Review Pub Date : 2018-01-01

R M White

引用次数: 0

Toward a systematic classification of textile damages. 纺织品损害的系统分类。

Forensic Science Review Pub Date : 2018-01-01

T G Schulman, R S Samlal-Soedhoe, J van der Weerd

{"title":"Toward a systematic classification of textile damages.","authors":"T G Schulman, R S Samlal-Soedhoe, J van der Weerd","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The accuracy of textile damage analyses was evaluated by laboratory tests carried out by trained experts. The analyzed damages were prepared by various methods, including stabbing, cutting, shooting, heating/burning, etc. A number of damages were aged by household washing and tumble-drying procedures, addition of blood, or burying. The samples were analyzed by routine laboratory evaluation. The results indicate that the properties of a damage provide a good indication of the way a textile had been damaged. Nevertheless, scoring of the answers is not straightforward. Results indicated that examiners evaluated damages on different levels of specificity and thereby showed the latent need for a more systematic approach to damage classification. The second part of the current contribution therefore presents the classification scheme we developed. This classification scheme aims to guide examiners during examination and accommodates the vast majority of textile damages observed in forensic casework. Each of the proposed classes is defined, relevant literature in each of the classes is reviewed, and the characteristics that can be expected after different damaging actions are explained. Finally, we share some ideas for further investigations.","PeriodicalId":38192,"journal":{"name":"Forensic Science Review","volume":"30 1","pages":"51-75"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35684466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Forensic face recognition as a means to determine strength of evidence: A survey. 法医面部识别作为一种确定证据强度的手段:一项调查。

Forensic Science Review Pub Date : 2018-01-01

C G Zeinstra, D Meuwly, A Cc Ruifrok, R Nj Veldhuis, L J Spreeuwers

引用次数: 0

Forensic individual age estimation with DNA: From initial approaches to methylation tests. 用DNA估计法医个体年龄:从最初的方法到甲基化测试。

Forensic Science Review Pub Date : 2017-07-01

A Freire-Aradas, C Phillips, M V Lareu

{"title":"Forensic individual age estimation with DNA: From initial approaches to methylation tests.","authors":"A Freire-Aradas, C Phillips, M V Lareu","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Individual age estimation is a key factor in forensic science analysis that can provide very useful information applicable to criminal, legal, and anthropological investigations. Forensic age inference was initially based on morphological inspection or radiography and only later began to adopt molecular approaches. However, a lack of accuracy or technical problems hampered the introduction of these DNA-based methodologies in casework analysis. A turning point occurred when the epigenetic signature of DNA methylation was observed to gradually change during an individual´s lifespan. In the last four years, the number of publications reporting DNA methylation age-correlated changes has gradually risen and the forensic community now has a range of age methylation tests applicable to forensic casework. Most forensic age predictor models have been developed based on blood DNA samples, but additional tissues are now also being explored. This review assesses the most widely adopted genes harboring methylation sites, detection technologies, statistical age-predictive analyses, and potential causes of variation in age estimates. Despite the need for further work to improve predictive accuracy and establishing a broader range of tissues for which tests can analyze the most appropriate methylation sites, several forensic age predictors have now been reported that provide consistency in their prediction accuracies (predictive error of ±4 years); this makes them compelling tools with the potential to contribute key information to help guide criminal investigations.","PeriodicalId":38192,"journal":{"name":"Forensic Science Review","volume":"29 2","pages":"121-144"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35155438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Social and ethical aspects of forensic genetics: A critical review. 法医遗传学的社会和伦理方面:一个关键的审查。

Forensic Science Review Pub Date : 2017-07-01

R Williams, M Wienroth

引用次数: 0

Metabolism and toxicological analysis of synthetic cannabinoids in biological fluids and tissues. 生物体液和组织中合成大麻素的代谢和毒理学分析。

Forensic Science Review Pub Date : 2016-07-01

B C Presley, S M R Gurney, K S Scott, S L Kacinko, B K Logan

{"title":"Metabolism and toxicological analysis of synthetic cannabinoids in biological fluids and tissues.","authors":"B C Presley, S M R Gurney, K S Scott, S L Kacinko, B K Logan","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Synthetic cannabinoids, which began proliferating in the United States in 2009, have gone through numerous iterations of modification to their chemical structures. More recent generations of compounds have been associated with significant adverse outcomes following use, including cognitive and psychomotor impairment, seizures, psychosis, tissue injury and death. These effects increase the urgency for forensic and public health laboratories to develop methods for the detection and identification of novel substances, and apply these to the determination of their metabolism and disposition in biological samples. This comprehensive review describes the history of the appearance of the drugs in the United States, discusses the naming conventions emerging to designate new structures, and describes the most prominent new compounds linked to the adverse effects now associated with their use. We review in depth the metabolic pathways that have been elucidated for the major members of each of the prevalent synthetic cannabinoid drug subclasses, the enzyme systems responsible for their metabolism, and the use of in silico approaches to assist in predicting and identifying the metabolites of novel compounds and drug subclasses that will continue to appear. Finally, we review and critique analytical methods applied to the detection of the drugs and their metabolites, including immunoassay screening, and liquid chromatography mass spectrometry confirmatory techniques applied to urine, serum, whole blood, oral fluid, hair, and tissues. ","PeriodicalId":38192,"journal":{"name":"Forensic Science Review","volume":"28 2","pages":"103-69"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34437727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0