Proceedings of the 32nd International Technical Meeting of the Satellite Division of The Institute of Navigation (ION GNSS+ 2019)最新文献

{"title":"Integrity and Cybersecurity: The Next Challenges for Safety Applications","authors":"T. Walter","doi":"10.33012/2019.17049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33012/2019.17049","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":381025,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 32nd International Technical Meeting of the Satellite Division of The Institute of Navigation (ION GNSS+ 2019)","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123902013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Code and Carrier Phase Error Characterization under Scintillation for Future Aviation Standards using PPP Corrections","authors":"M. Sgammini, I. Martini","doi":"10.33012/2019.16920","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33012/2019.16920","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":381025,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 32nd International Technical Meeting of the Satellite Division of The Institute of Navigation (ION GNSS+ 2019)","volume":"186 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127061638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RTK and PPP-RTK Using Smartphones: From Short-Baseline to Long-Baseline Applications","authors":"F. Darugna, Jannes Wübbena, Akira Ito, T. Wübbena, G. Wübbena, M. Schmitz","doi":"10.33012/2019.17078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33012/2019.17078","url":null,"abstract":"Low cost receivers providing GNSS code and phase raw measurements for multiple frequencies and multiple GNSS constellations have recently become available on the market. This significantly increases the number of devices equipped with the necessary sensors to perform precise GNSS positioning like Network-RTK or PPP. The smartphone GNSS measurements often suffer from low signal-to-noise, inhomogeneous antenna gain and high levels of multipath. Here, we show how to tackle several of currently present obstacles and demonstrate centimeter-level kinematic positioning with a low-cost GNSS antenna and a low-cost GNSS receiver built into an off-the-shelf smartphone. For some devices we found that the phase observations do not have integer characteristic but appear to have random biases. To some extend these observations can still be used in a “float”- type precise algorithm. Low cost GNSS sensors like the ones built into smartphones are generally used with antennas that have a uniform gain pattern and do not reject LHCP signals. Accordingly, strong multipath influence is observed in many applications. Experiments both in a zero-baseline and a short-baseline configuration have been performed, to evaluate the aforementioned biases and discontinuities. We demonstrate instantaneous ambiguity resolution in the zero-baseline setup, showing the potential for RTK-positioning with low-cost sensors available inside smartphones. Positioning with PPP-RTK or Network-RTK is more challenging because additional residual atmospheric noise is present. Experiments with different baseline lengths have been performed in different ionospheric conditions and the achieved accuracies are reported.","PeriodicalId":381025,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 32nd International Technical Meeting of the Satellite Division of The Institute of Navigation (ION GNSS+ 2019)","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130568396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"STFT-based Method Applied to GNSS Spoofing Estimation, Mitigation and Discrimination from Multipath","authors":"Hanchuan Jiang, Chao Sun, Hongbo Zhao, W. Feng","doi":"10.33012/2019.17108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33012/2019.17108","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":381025,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 32nd International Technical Meeting of the Satellite Division of The Institute of Navigation (ION GNSS+ 2019)","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132409173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DGNSS-Vision Integration for Robust and Accurate Relative Spacecraft Navigation","authors":"V. Capuano, A. Harvard, Yvette Lin, Soon-Jo Chung","doi":"10.33012/2019.16961","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33012/2019.16961","url":null,"abstract":"Relative spacecraft navigation based on Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) has been already successfully performed in low earth orbit (LEO). Very high accuracy, of the order of the millimeter, has been achieved in postprocessing using carrier phase differential GNSS (CDGNSS) and recovering the integer number of wavelength (Ambiguity) \u0000between the GNSS transmitters and the receiver. However the performance achievable on-board, in real time, \u0000above LEO and the GNSS constellation would be significantly lower due to limited computational resources, weaker \u0000signals, and worse geometric dilution of precision (GDOP). At the same time, monocular vision provides lower accuracy \u0000than CDGNSS when there is significant spacecraft separation, and it becomes even lower for larger baselines and wider field of views (FOVs). In order to increase the robustness, continuity, and accuracy of a real-time on-board \u0000GNSS-based relative navigation solution in a GNSS degraded environment such as Geosynchronous and High Earth \u0000Orbits, we propose a novel navigation architecture based on a tight fusion of carrier phase GNSS observations and \u0000monocular vision-based measurements, which enables fast autonomous relative pose estimation of cooperative spacecraft \u0000also in case of high GDOP and low GNSS visibility, where the GNSS signals are degraded, weak, or cannot be \u0000tracked continuously. \u0000In this paper we describe the architecture and implementation of a multi-sensor navigation solution and validate the \u0000proposed method in simulation. We use a dataset of images synthetically generated according to a chaser/target relative \u0000motion in Geostationary Earth Orbit (GEO) and realistic carrier phase and code-based GNSS observations simulated \u0000at the receiver position in the same orbits. We demonstrate that our fusion solution provides higher accuracy, higher \u0000robustness, and faster ambiguity resolution in case of degraded GNSS signal conditions, even when using high FOV \u0000cameras.","PeriodicalId":381025,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 32nd International Technical Meeting of the Satellite Division of The Institute of Navigation (ION GNSS+ 2019)","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125453800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low-cost, Dual-frequency PPP GNSS and MEMS-IMU Integration Performance in Obstructed Environments","authors":"Sudha Vana, Nacer Naciri, S. Bisnath","doi":"10.33012/2019.16966","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33012/2019.16966","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":381025,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 32nd International Technical Meeting of the Satellite Division of The Institute of Navigation (ION GNSS+ 2019)","volume":"306 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123140302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Devising High-Performing Random Spreading Code Sequences Using a Multi-Objective Genetic Algorithm","authors":"T. Mina, G. Gao","doi":"10.33012/2019.17044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33012/2019.17044","url":null,"abstract":"Reinvigorating the Navigation Technology Satellite (NTS) experimentation platform from its previous initiative in 1977, the United States Air Force (USAF) has expressed recent interest to enhance PNT resiliency and performance, while seeking to explore modificaiton to all layers of the GPS signal. For satellite navigation, developing spreading codes with reduced correlation sidelobes would correspondingly reduce inter-channel interference between the simultaneously broadcast satellite signals. Utilizing low-correlation spreading codes would enable GPS to provide improved navigation performance as well as incorporate a greater number of navigation signals, which further improves redundancy and accuracy. In this work, we develop a multi-objective, genetic algorithm-based architecture to devise high-quality code families with low mean, circular non-central auto-correlation and cross-correlation properties. Our search algorithm explores the multi-objective cost function space and seeks to progress and expand the local Pareto-optimal front of solutions. We demonstrate that our algorithm devises high-quality families of spreading code sequences which achieve low mean non-central auto-correlation and cross-correlation values, out-performing well-chosen families of equal-length Gold codes and Weil codes.","PeriodicalId":381025,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 32nd International Technical Meeting of the Satellite Division of The Institute of Navigation (ION GNSS+ 2019)","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126319621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Towards Sub-meter Positioning using Android Raw GNSS Measurements","authors":"D. Psychas, Jon Bruno, L. Massarweh, F. Darugna","doi":"10.33012/2019.17077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33012/2019.17077","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":381025,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 32nd International Technical Meeting of the Satellite Division of The Institute of Navigation (ION GNSS+ 2019)","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125281446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Localizing in Urban Canyons using Joint Doppler and Ranging and the Law of Cosines Method","authors":"William W. Jun, K. Cheung, E. Lightsey, Charles Lee","doi":"10.33012/2019.16897","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33012/2019.16897","url":null,"abstract":"The performance of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) based navigation can be limited in urban canyons and other regions with narrow satellite visibility. These regions may only allow for less than the minimum of four satellites to be visible, leading to a decay of positional knowledge. A scheme with Joint Doppler and Ranging (JDR) and relative positioning, known as the Law of Cosines (LOC) method, is introduced in this paper that utilizes Doppler and pseudorange measurements from a minimum of two GNSS satellites to obtain a position fix. The user’s GNSS receiver was assumed to output both corrected pseudorange and Doppler shift measurements for each tracked satellite. The velocity vector of each satellite was calculated using broadcast satellite ephemerides. Additionally, the location of the reference station was known and Doppler measurements from the GNSS receiver at the reference station were transmitted to the user. Ephemerides from eight GNSS satellites were simulated with the user and reference station approximately 12 km apart in San Francisco. Gaussian error sources were modelled and randomized in Monte Carlo simulations, adding error to the receiver’s known satellite ephemeris, satellite velocity, Doppler, and pseudorange measurements. Each unique pair of 2 satellites was employed for the positioning of the user using the LOC method for over 10,000 Monte Carlo simulations. With reasonable assumptions on measurement error, the average 2D topocentric Root-Mean-Square-Error (RMSE) performance of all pairs of satellites was 23 meters, reducing to 10 meters by removing specific pairs with poor geometry. However, with a new technique called Terrain Assisted – JDR (TA-JDR), which uses accurate topographic information of the user’s region as a faux pseudorange measurement, the average RSME of the satellite pairs was reduced to approximately 7 meters. The use of the JDR-LOC scheme and its variants may not only be useful in urban canyons, but also in other GPS-denied unfriendly environments. Ultimately, the JDR-LOC scheme was capable of achieving navigational solutions with an RMSE as low as 7 meters for users with limited GNSS satellite visibility, with only the use of a GNSS receiver and a reference station. INTRODUCTION The Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), which includes the Global Positioning System (GPS), has been deemed successful through countless use-cases. These cases range from regular commercial and private use to research and military use [1]. However, at least four satellites in view are required for GNSS/GPS range measurements and some locations cannot utilize these positioning systems to their full potential. Urban canyons are locations where a user is surrounded by buildings which block GNSS signals and create a canyon-like environment. Positioning problems in these regions include a smaller quantity of visible satellites, multipath, and interference. Temporary loss of GPS signals is caused by structures blocking ","PeriodicalId":381025,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 32nd International Technical Meeting of the Satellite Division of The Institute of Navigation (ION GNSS+ 2019)","volume":"85 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113991760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Australia and New Zealand SBAS and PPP Testbed. System on Track","authors":"J. Barrios, J. Caro, J. D. Calle, J. G. Pericacho, Guillermo Fernández, V. M. Esteban, M. Fernández, Fernando Bravo, Borja Torres, A. Calabrese, Konrad Janicki, A. Diaz, I. Rodríguez, M. Laínez, M. Romay, Robert Jackson, Patrick E. Reddan, D. Bunce, C. Soddu","doi":"10.33012/2019.16943","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33012/2019.16943","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":381025,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 32nd International Technical Meeting of the Satellite Division of The Institute of Navigation (ION GNSS+ 2019)","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131514702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}