Journal of Science, Technology and Innovation Policy最新文献

{"title":"Development And Achievements Of Science, Technology & Innovation Policy In ASEAN Countries: A Comparative Analysis Of Malaysia In Transition Stage With Myanmar, Cambodia And Laos In Developing Stage","authors":"A. Ariffin, A. Mahdzir","doi":"10.11113/jostip.v7n1.67","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11113/jostip.v7n1.67","url":null,"abstract":"ASEAN formally came into being in 1967 and sole purpose of developing this association was to accelerate economic growth, cultural development and social progress. To achieve the vision, ASEAN member nations kept their focus on development and implementing science technology and innovation policy. For this study desktop research was conducted to analyze and compare current scenario of Science technology and innovation policy in Malaysia with Cambodia, Myanmar and Laos. Comparison was done on the basis of structure, framework, barriers and breakthrough in the field of STI policy. It was deduced that Malaysia is currently in its transition phase as compared to Cambodia, Myanmar and Laos, where formulation of an official STI policy documents are still in progress. Some recommendations are proposed so the gap between STI development and implementation is reduced.","PeriodicalId":380993,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Science, Technology and Innovation Policy","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125071420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developing the Space Industry of Malaysia: The Policy Frameworks","authors":"M. Subari, Azmi Hassan","doi":"10.11113/jostip.v2n1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11113/jostip.v2n1.1","url":null,"abstract":"The space sector in Malaysia is quite developed, but in the absence of a standard framework of development, it is mainly driven by commercial and business forces. A space policy for the country is proposed with a focus on re-organizing the sector, namely, the local industry – emphasizing the downstream activities; the nation’s capacity building – the human capital, the necessary infrastructure, and most importantly, the governance – setting a domestic regulatory regime and a designated authority to ensure the responsible use of space in the country. This paper proposes the inclusion of several activities in the related sector as the downstream space industry in Malaysia.","PeriodicalId":380993,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Science, Technology and Innovation Policy","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128000606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enviro-Economic Policy Instruments and Waste Management: The Prospects of Applying the Indifferent Consumers-Pay Principle in Malaysia","authors":"A. Bakar Jaafar","doi":"10.11113/jostip.v1n2.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11113/jostip.v1n2.13","url":null,"abstract":"The constant struggle by the local authorities in addressing the waste problem would call for a thorough examination of the economics of waste management, as well as the need to search for the most appropriate enviro-economic policy instrument that can be employed in the context of a fast-paced developing economy such as Malaysia. A number of instruments have been put into practice by various authorities in Malaysia in particular, and in other countries in general, but the effectiveness of each is being questioned. It is hereby proposed that a new instrument be introduced in Malaysia, which is a variation of the “Polluters-Pay” Principle, as outlined in the 9th Malaysia Plan (2006-2010). The primary target ought to be the consumers, and not necessarily the producers: those who participate in a recycling scheme are not required to pay a certain levy when purchasing new goods. In return, when they deposit the unwanted items into recycling bins designated for different types of materials, they will be rewarded with equivalent credit points that can be redeemed at points of sale. It is anticipated in at least 7 aspects if a positive impact of the application of the proposed instrument would be realized. Thus, the waste recycling industry, as envisaged since the 8th Malaysia Plan (2001-2005), would become a reality.","PeriodicalId":380993,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Science, Technology and Innovation Policy","volume":"738 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122952125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"POLICIES, CHALLENGES AND STRATEGIES FOR MUNICIPAL WASTE MANAGEMENT IN MALAYSIA","authors":"Zaipul Anwar Zainu, A. R. Songip","doi":"10.11113/jostip.v3n1.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11113/jostip.v3n1.18","url":null,"abstract":"Municipal waste management (MWM) in Malaysia has become a challenging task in recent years due to population growth, industrialisation and an increase in quantity and variation in the types of waste generated. Suitable disposal sites are becoming scarce and most of the existing ones are nearly coming towards the end of its useful life. The government has promoted recycling programmes through various campaigns however little has been achieved due to the lack of participation and lukewarm attitudes of the public in Malaysia. Therefore, this paper is written to provide an overview and analysis of the policies, challenges and strategies to issues related to MWM in Malaysia.","PeriodicalId":380993,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Science, Technology and Innovation Policy","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127238278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Review of Social Innovation Initiatives in Malaysia","authors":"N. Nasir, M. Subari","doi":"10.11113/jostip.v3n1.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11113/jostip.v3n1.17","url":null,"abstract":"Social innovation is becoming increasingly recognised as a solution for social challenges which the conventional government policy approach or market are unable to address. Social innovation is defined as a new solution that simultaneously meets social needs more effectively than the existing solutions, and leads new and improved capabilities and relationships. It also allows assets and resources to be improved in a better manner. In other words, it has a positive impact on society, as it enhances the capacity to act. Despite the fact that it is an emerging field in Malaysia, making the term ‘social innovation’ a recent articulation in public policies, several existing initiatives have been carried out by various government ministries and agencies as well as the third sector entities that successfully adopted the social innovation approach in addressing society’s needs. Thus, this paper aims to review the implementation of socially innovative initiatives in Malaysia that promote the socio-economic well-being of the society, particularly low-income and marginalised groups. The findings demonstrate that there are four main forms of social innovation initiatives for socio-economic well-being in Malaysia, namely, i) microfinancing; ii) social entrepreneurship; iii) public service delivery and; iv) grassroots innovation (science and technology-based). This paper concludes that several social innovation initiatives in Malaysia have shown substantial improvement in uplifting the socio-economic well-being of the people, and have had considerable support from the government as well as the third sectors. Nonetheless, to ensure a greater impact by the initiatives, extra attention should be offered to provide a sufficient and comprehensive enabling environment with equal supply and demand side measures, as there exists a lack of a clear and coordinated social innovation framework in Malaysia. Furthermore, there is a need to conduct further research on grassroots social innovation in supporting the national STI Policy, as there is a lack of government reports and studies that have been done to analyse the socio-economic impact of the initiatives.","PeriodicalId":380993,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Science, Technology and Innovation Policy","volume":"46 45","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113957812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"National Earth Observation Program for Digital Earth - the Malaysian Case: Issues in Consideration","authors":"M. Subari","doi":"10.11113/jostip.v1n2.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11113/jostip.v1n2.14","url":null,"abstract":"Digital Earth, a virtual geospatial data infrastructure, has become a strategic asset to Malaysia in embracing the new economy. Earth Observation Satellite (EOS) is currently a major tool employed to build and maintain DE. Acknowledging the strategic need of having her own capability, Malaysia has embarked into EOS development programs since the early 1990s, starting with TiungSAT-1, a micro-satellite carrying a small camera, followed by RazakSAT, a small satellite carrying a 2.5 m PAN medium-aperture-camera. The current satellite development program, the RazakSAT-2, plans to carry a 1.0m high resolution PAN camera and a 4.0m MS camera, would become a strategic initiative by the Government in developing and accelerating the nation’s capability in the area of satellite technology, and its applications. This paper aims to review the implementation of a national DE, and to discuss the country’s space sector development in support of the DE implementations via the proposed National Space Policy. Emphasis is placed on the EOS program, as described in the policy paper, as well as on supporting local space industry. The paper concludes with identifying several related issues of importance, their impact, and finally, proposes techniques to address these issues.","PeriodicalId":380993,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Science, Technology and Innovation Policy","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128506668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Challenges of Corporatization Policy for Government Research and Technology Organizations for Wealth Creation","authors":"A. Ariffin, Mathew Maavak, Chen-Chen Yong","doi":"10.11113/jostip.v1n2.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11113/jostip.v1n2.11","url":null,"abstract":"Malaysia’s economic transformation towards the status of a high income nation has led to the widespread demand for an accelerated corporatization policy; one where public sector agencies are transformed into business entities to facilitate the creation of knowledge and wealth. This shift was encouraged by successful corporatization models abroad, including those adopted by the Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft in Germany; the Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) in Korea; and the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) in the United States. These institutions have since encouraged a similar corporatization process in emerging and third world nations. However, corporatization comes along with a unique set of institutional challenges. This study aims to investigate the corporatization processes undertaken by various government research and technology organizations (GR&TOs) in Malaysia, and then to evaluate their overall progress. The outcome of this study indicates that a myriad of challenges can be inverted into growth opportunities through the application of appropriate strategic planning.","PeriodicalId":380993,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Science, Technology and Innovation Policy","volume":"16 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128842792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spurring Space Industry Development in Malaysia: the Enabling Capabilities","authors":"Azmi Hassan, M. Subari","doi":"10.11113/jostip.v1n2.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11113/jostip.v1n2.12","url":null,"abstract":"Malaysia’s endeavour to a space program is an important milestone in carving our very own niche in the space sector. This initiative can act as a catalyst, not only to the space industry, but also to the existing thriving local aerospace sector in the country. Science, technology and innovation are the main drivers that will move our nation’s economy forward. Aspects of these enabling capabilities are especially important to the development of the space industry, and are priorities for the success of Malaysia’s space initiative. The authors have identified five specific existing enablers that has Malaysia possessed in order to succeed in this highly competitive business. These enablers are; Supportive Government Policies; Strong and Developed Infrastructures; Innovative Financing Schemes; Vibrant Business Climate; and High Quality of Life. However, this study cautions that these enablers will only facilitate our space endeavour, but not necessarily ensure its success. This paper also dwells on the issue that these factors are not only important enablers to the space industry, but also can be promoters of innovative ideas and applications. Sometimes this is perceived as pushing technology, when, in fact, the entire system works together to provide solutions to delivery policy problems.","PeriodicalId":380993,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Science, Technology and Innovation Policy","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128278431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}