Food Webs最新文献_第10页

Sloths strike back: Predation attempt by an ocelot (Leopardus pardalis) on a Linnaeus's two-toed sloth (Choloepus didactylus) at a mineral lick in Western Amazonia, Ecuador 树懒反击:在厄瓜多尔的西亚马逊地区，一只豹猫(Leopardus pardalis)试图捕食一只林奈二趾树懒(Choloepus didactylus)

IF 1.7 4区环境科学与生态学

Food Webs Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fooweb.2023.e00291

María Camila Bastidas-Domínguez , Andrés Link , Anthony Di Fiore , Diego Mosquera

{"title":"Sloths strike back: Predation attempt by an ocelot (Leopardus pardalis) on a Linnaeus's two-toed sloth (Choloepus didactylus) at a mineral lick in Western Amazonia, Ecuador","authors":"María Camila Bastidas-Domínguez , Andrés Link , Anthony Di Fiore , Diego Mosquera","doi":"10.1016/j.fooweb.2023.e00291","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fooweb.2023.e00291","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Two-toed sloths (genus <em>Cholo</em>ep<em>us)</em> are almost exclusively arboreal. However, they often descend to the ground in places known as mineral licks or “saladeros” and feed from soil, which presumably enhances their digestion of toxins and helps them obtain minerals not readily available in their diet. Mineral licks are risky areas which may increase their visitors' vulnerability to predators. Here, we report a predation attempt on an adult Linnaeus two-toed sloth (<span><em>Choloepus</em><em> didactylus</em></span>) by an adult ocelot (<em>Leopardus pardalis</em>) at a mineral lick at the Tiputini Biodiversity Station in the Ecuadorian Amazon. Predation events are rarely recorded in camera traps, and this particular predation event can be considered unusual, given that sloths usually come down to mineral licks during the night. Also, it is not clear how ocelots are able to capture sloths, and other arboreal animals and this record evidence that predation of arboreal vertebrates by ocelots may also take place in the ground. Finally, the anti-predatory behavior displayed by the two-toed sloth demonstrates that there are intrinsic risks for predators while attempting to capture prey.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":38084,"journal":{"name":"Food Webs","volume":"36 ","pages":"Article e00291"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47771548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Using camera traps to assess carcass use and the intraguild dynamics of understudied African mesocarnivores 使用相机捕捉器评估研究不足的非洲中型食肉动物的尸体使用和体内动态

IF 1.7 4区环境科学与生态学

Food Webs Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fooweb.2023.e00287

Olivia Sievert , Eleanor Comley , Wanangwa Phiri , Robert S. Davis

{"title":"Using camera traps to assess carcass use and the intraguild dynamics of understudied African mesocarnivores","authors":"Olivia Sievert , Eleanor Comley , Wanangwa Phiri , Robert S. Davis","doi":"10.1016/j.fooweb.2023.e00287","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fooweb.2023.e00287","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>The consumption of carrion is a key process in food web ecology and a common foraging strategy for facultative scavengers in the carnivore guild. As carrion represents a high-quality trophic resource, carcasses may be visited by multiple carnivore species and have the potential to act as hotspots for intraguild interactions. Mesocarnivores frequently consume carrion, yet the mechanisms used by these species to access carcasses and coexist with larger carnivores have been poorly studied. Here, we investigate the factors influencing carcass use by two understudied African mesocarnivores, the side-striped jackal (</span><em>Canis adustus</em><span>) and the African civet (</span><em>Civettictis civetta</em>). Using camera traps to monitor ungulate carcasses in Liwonde National Park (LNP), Malawi, we assess the influence of competing carnivores (spotted hyena; <span><em>Crocuta crocuta</em></span>), carcass size and carcass age on mesocarnivore detection rates. Jackals frequently consumed carrion and their detection at a carcass was positively associated with civet presence, increasing the potential for competitive interactions. Co-occurrence of jackals and civets, where both species were detected simultaneously, were mainly recorded at large (>200 kg) carcasses, suggesting competitive interactions were reduced when more abundant resources were available. Jackal and civet detection at a carcass was not influenced by the presence of spotted hyena, although we found evidence that civets use temporal partitioning to access carcasses at times of reduced spotted hyena activity. Continued monitoring of carcasses will be important to further understand carnivore coexistence dynamics, particularly as large carnivore populations recover in LNP.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":38084,"journal":{"name":"Food Webs","volume":"36 ","pages":"Article e00287"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41816113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Small stream predators rely heavily on terrestrial matter energy input in the fall, regardless of riparian buffer size 小溪捕食者在秋季严重依赖陆地物质的能量输入，而不管河岸缓冲带的大小

IF 1.7 4区环境科学与生态学

Food Webs Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fooweb.2023.e00302

Jeffery Marker , Eva Bergman , Rachel E. Bowes , Denis Lafage

{"title":"Small stream predators rely heavily on terrestrial matter energy input in the fall, regardless of riparian buffer size","authors":"Jeffery Marker , Eva Bergman , Rachel E. Bowes , Denis Lafage","doi":"10.1016/j.fooweb.2023.e00302","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fooweb.2023.e00302","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Stream ecosystems are reliant on the reciprocal exchange of terrestrial and aquatic energy subsides to maintain a productive and stable food web. Land use around streams can have strong effects on the size and availability of resource subsidies for stream and riparian predators such as fish and spiders. A common forestry technique around streams is the establishment of forested buffers to protect aquatic and riparian ecosystems from upland disturbances. Buffer size may determine prey abundance, richness, and spatial extent of prey reach into both the aquatic and terrestrial systems. To test the effects of forested buffers subsidy direction, we explored the carbon and nitrogen stable isotope signatures of brown trout (<em>Salmo trutta</em>), Tetragnathidae and Lycosidae spiders, and their aquatic and terrestrial prey sources around twelve streams in southern Sweden. For both predator groups, buffer presence showed no effect on resource subsidy source. We found that both brown trout and spiders are significantly reliant on terrestrial sources of prey for their diets in the fall. To support the terrestrial subsidy into small streams it is vital to maintain ecologically functional riparian zones by conserving complex surrounding habitats that optimize habitat and both terrestrial and aquatic prey diversity.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":38084,"journal":{"name":"Food Webs","volume":"36 ","pages":"Article e00302"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44378296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

‘The human shield effect’: Human-wildlife co-occurrence patterns in the coffee forests of southwestern Ethiopia “人盾效应”：埃塞俄比亚西南部咖啡林中人类与野生动物的共生模式

IF 1.7 4区环境科学与生态学

Food Webs Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fooweb.2023.e00288

Patrícia Rodrigues , Ine Dorresteijn , Olivier Gimenez

{"title":"‘The human shield effect’: Human-wildlife co-occurrence patterns in the coffee forests of southwestern Ethiopia","authors":"Patrícia Rodrigues , Ine Dorresteijn , Olivier Gimenez","doi":"10.1016/j.fooweb.2023.e00288","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fooweb.2023.e00288","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Understanding species (co)-occurrence patterns and how these are affected and mediated by humans is essential for the development of management plans to guide coexistence between humans and wildlife. Here, we evaluated two opposing hypotheses regarding the effects of humans on species occurrence: “humans as super-predators” and “humans as shield”, using an existing camera-trap dataset of mammal species occurrence collected in the coffee forests of southwestern of Ethiopia. We applied a multispecies occupancy modelling framework to explicitly examine co-occurrence patterns between humans, top-predators, prey, and crop-raiders, along a gradient of forest integrity (characterized by forest cover and fragmentation). We examined co-occurrence patterns during both coffee and non-coffee harvest seasons. Our results show partial support for the “humans as shield” hypothesis. We found (i) signs of co-occurrence between humans and prey in areas of low forest integrity during both survey seasons, and between humans and raiders during the coffee-season, (ii) signs of co-occurrence between prey and raiders during both seasons, (iii) no signs of negative or positive co-occurrence between humans and top-predators. Our findings indicate that a possible “shield effect” between humans and prey within a predator space, might be undergoing at the edges of coffee forests. Our findings suggest that incorporating humans as one more species in the ecological system can contribute to shed light into the effects of humans on species occurrence and ultimately contribute to inform management for coexistence.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":38084,"journal":{"name":"Food Webs","volume":"36 ","pages":"Article e00288"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44598618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Puma predation on Magellanic penguins: An unexpected terrestrial-marine linkage in Patagonia 美洲狮捕食麦哲伦企鹅：巴塔哥尼亚一种意想不到的陆生海洋联系

IF 1.7 4区环境科学与生态学

Food Webs Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fooweb.2023.e00290

Mitchell W. Serota , Pablo A.E. Alarcón , Emiliano Donadio , Arthur D. Middleton

{"title":"Puma predation on Magellanic penguins: An unexpected terrestrial-marine linkage in Patagonia","authors":"Mitchell W. Serota , Pablo A.E. Alarcón , Emiliano Donadio , Arthur D. Middleton","doi":"10.1016/j.fooweb.2023.e00290","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fooweb.2023.e00290","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The global loss of top predators has led to widespread changes in food webs. In Patagonia, it is hypothesized that local extirpations of terrestrial predators, including the puma (<em>Puma concolor</em>), has led to the expansion of Magellanic penguin (<em>Spheniscus magellanicus</em>) colonies across the Atlantic coast of Argentina. Interestingly, more recent wildlife conservation efforts in the region have led to an unexpected trophic link between pumas and penguins. Here, we used a camera trap array to assess this novel predator-prey relationship between pumas and penguins in Monte León National Park (MLNP) over a three-month period. Pumas were detected 12.5 times more than any other mammalian predator and were detected on 95% of the days during our study period. We also observed 28 individual events of pumas preying upon penguins. Our work demonstrates a strong linkage between the marine and terrestrial ecosystem at MLNP. Puma predation of penguins may have widespread ecological implications including effects on puma and penguin abundance, changes in puma social behavior, and interspecific competition among other prey items and carnivores in the park. We propose hypotheses and questions to investigate these potential outcomes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":38084,"journal":{"name":"Food Webs","volume":"36 ","pages":"Article e00290"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41826820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Revisiting trophic cascades and aspen recovery in northern Yellowstone 黄石公园北部的营养级联和白杨恢复

IF 1.7 4区环境科学与生态学

Food Webs Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fooweb.2023.e00276

Robert L. Beschta , Luke E. Painter , William J. Ripple

{"title":"Revisiting trophic cascades and aspen recovery in northern Yellowstone","authors":"Robert L. Beschta , Luke E. Painter , William J. Ripple","doi":"10.1016/j.fooweb.2023.e00276","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fooweb.2023.e00276","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We revisit the nature and extent of trophic cascades and quaking aspen (<em>Populus tremuloides</em>) recovery in the northern range of Yellowstone National Park, where studies have reported on Rocky Mountain elk (<em>Cervus canadensis</em>) browsing and young aspen heights following the 1995–96 reintroduction of gray wolves (<em>Canis lupus</em>). A recent study by Brice et al. (2021) expressed concerns about methodologies employed in earlier aspen studies and that results from those studies exaggerated the extent to which a trophic cascade has benefitted aspen, concerns such as: (a) the selection of aspen stands, (b) young aspen sampling and measurements within stands, (c) the upper browse level of elk, (d) cause of increased young aspen height growth, (e) interpretation of browsing and height data, and others. We individually address these concerns and conclude that earlier aspen studies have provided important insights regarding the recovery of aspen that is underway in northern Yellowstone and that they have not exaggerated the ongoing recovery. We found that Brice et al. (2021) misinterpreted or misrepresented various aspects of those earlier studies, while failing to address potential biases and shortcomings of their own 2007–2017 study, including; sampling aspen stands from only a portion of the park's northern range, not randomly selecting aspen stands across their study area, but only within identified treatments, varying sampling density (stands/km<sup>2</sup>) by more than an order of magnitude between treatments, and not sampling all stands in most years. Regardless of the research methodologies employed in various aspen studies, they have consistently shown that decreased browsing has resulted in greater young plant heights in the park's northern range, results consistent with an ongoing trophic cascade.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":38084,"journal":{"name":"Food Webs","volume":"36 ","pages":"Article e00276"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48891189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Remote cameras capture dung burial by burrowing cricket 远程摄像机捕捉到蟋蟀挖掘粪便的过程

IF 1.7 4区环境科学与生态学

Food Webs Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fooweb.2023.e00301

Emma F. Zeitler, Marcus A. Lashley, Ava Blanc, Logan R. Davis, Sarah E. Dill, Olivia H. McGehee, Blair A. McLean, Elijah C. Smith

{"title":"Remote cameras capture dung burial by burrowing cricket","authors":"Emma F. Zeitler, Marcus A. Lashley, Ava Blanc, Logan R. Davis, Sarah E. Dill, Olivia H. McGehee, Blair A. McLean, Elijah C. Smith","doi":"10.1016/j.fooweb.2023.e00301","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fooweb.2023.e00301","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Animal dung holds an important role in the nutrient cycle of nearly every ecosystem on Earth. It also acts as an ephemeral resource for invertebrate communities and has facilitated the specialization of many life history strategies. Most ecosystem functions associated with dung are linked to burial - a process most often attributed to dung beetles. However, identifying other organisms that contribute to dung burial is important to understand how communities provide this ecosystem service. During a trail camera experiment intended to monitor dung beetle behavior, we observed an unidentified species of cricket burying dung pellets underground. We were unable to find previous documentation of dung-burying behavior for this animal group, raising questions of how common or extensive this behavior is. Particularly under the threat of global insect declines, understanding which species are responsible for key processes may be crucial to maintaining ecosystem function and resilience. Additionally, this experiment exemplifies how camera traps can be used in nontraditional applications to observe and monitor unique events, behaviors, and processes, such as the decay of ephemeral resource patches and insect behavior.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":38084,"journal":{"name":"Food Webs","volume":"36 ","pages":"Article e00301"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48705870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Straight from the Güiñas mouth: Diet of a Neotropical carnivore documented through camera traps 直接从Güiñas嘴里出来：通过相机捕捉到的一种新热带食肉动物的饮食

IF 1.7 4区环境科学与生态学

Food Webs Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fooweb.2023.e00296

Gabriela Palomo-Munoz , Nicolás Gálvez , Valentina Alarcón , Eduardo Minte , Belén Gallardo , Thomas Kramer

{"title":"Straight from the Güiñas mouth: Diet of a Neotropical carnivore documented through camera traps","authors":"Gabriela Palomo-Munoz , Nicolás Gálvez , Valentina Alarcón , Eduardo Minte , Belén Gallardo , Thomas Kramer","doi":"10.1016/j.fooweb.2023.e00296","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fooweb.2023.e00296","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Predators are known to carry prey in their mouth for many purposes, including providing for dependent young or caching. Studying predator diet through the use of remote camera traps has seldom been explored, aside from natural history observations. We provide photographic evidence of prey carrying behavior of the elusive güiñas (<em>Leopardus guigna</em><span>) in two study sites in a temperate rainforest of Chilean Patagonia. We recorded 35 photographs and 12 events of güiñas carrying prey using camera traps across 57 sites between 2019 and 2022. All photographs show a rodent as prey except in one, where based on morphology, we conclude that it is a colocolo opossum, locally known as ‘Monito del Monte’ (</span><em>Dromiciops gliroides</em>). All events happened between 2000 and 0800 h, consistent with previous research documenting diel patterns of güiñas in Chile. We argue that camera traps may offer an alternative to help us understand the feeding ecology and diet, especially when collecting scat becomes difficult (e.g., rugged terrain, sites with heavy rainfall). This work discusses the use of camera traps to study predation events and predator diets. The observations here broaden our understanding of güiña predator-prey interactions and can help generate new ways to study diet.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":38084,"journal":{"name":"Food Webs","volume":"36 ","pages":"Article e00296"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48983657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cascading carrion: Opportunistic predation at deer gut piles 级联腐肉：鹿内脏堆的机会主义捕食

IF 1.7 4区环境科学与生态学

Food Webs Pub Date : 2023-08-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.fooweb.2023.e00313

Ellen M. Candler , Amy Rager , Joseph K. Bump

{"title":"Cascading carrion: Opportunistic predation at deer gut piles","authors":"Ellen M. Candler , Amy Rager , Joseph K. Bump","doi":"10.1016/j.fooweb.2023.e00313","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fooweb.2023.e00313","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Carrion is increasingly recognized as an important part of food web ecology that impacts multiple trophic levels and creates an arena for multiple species interactions. The pulsed nature of hunter-derived carrion, in the form of gut piles, is a form of carrion that has been overlooked in the study of food webs and scavenger interaction. The Offal Wildlife Watching project aims to better understand scavenger species that benefit from offal and how they interact with each other and this resource. Through citizen science efforts by hunters and Zooniverse volunteers, we have collected and analyzed over 230,000 images of scavengers at white-tailed deer gut piles. At some gut piles, we have observed barred owls and bobcats both scavenging at hunter provided gut piles and preying on rodents that were also attracted to the gut pile. This interaction, made possible by a food subsidy that is historically novel in time and space, may have implications for rodent populations, predator survival and fecundity, and the activity patterns of both. Continued research and investigation will shed light on the impacts of cascading carrion on species interaction.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":38084,"journal":{"name":"Food Webs","volume":"37 ","pages":"Article e00313"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42014643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Using camera traps to inform reintroduction success and recovery of the Northern Aplomado Falcon (Falco femoralis septentrionalis) 使用相机捕捉器告知北方Aplomado猎鹰（Falco femoralis sepentrialis）的重新引入成功和恢复

IF 1.7 4区环境科学与生态学

Food Webs Pub Date : 2023-08-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.fooweb.2023.e00314

David Roman Bontrager , Jennifer D. McCabe , Paul W. Juergens , Brian D. Mutch , Jennyffer Cruz

{"title":"Using camera traps to inform reintroduction success and recovery of the Northern Aplomado Falcon (Falco femoralis septentrionalis)","authors":"David Roman Bontrager , Jennifer D. McCabe , Paul W. Juergens , Brian D. Mutch , Jennyffer Cruz","doi":"10.1016/j.fooweb.2023.e00314","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fooweb.2023.e00314","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>Anthropogenic disturbances, including habitat changes, climate change, and pesticides, contribute significantly to species declines and extinctions worldwide. These disturbances also hinder conservation efforts like species reintroductions by creating novel ecosystems that no longer support the species that is being reintroduced. Using camera traps, we observed Great Horned Owls (</span><em>Bubo virginianus</em>), which are a dominant avian predator, perching on the nests of Northern Aplomado Falcons (<span><em>Falco</em><em> femoralis septentrionalis</em></span><span>), a federally endangered species reintroduced to coastal Texas with a current breeding population of 23 pairs. The presence of Great Horned Owls on five of the twenty cameras placed on Northern Aplomado Falcon nest structures led us to consider the impact this interaction may have on occupancy and productivity of the nests. Throughout the study system, fast-growing tree and shrub species have become more prominent, which could be facilitating the interaction. We hypothesize that encroachment of woody vegetation is drawing Great Horned Owls into the open coastal grassland habitat of Northern Aplomado Falcons, which may limit the occupancy and productivity of falcon nests. Based on this hypothesis from the camera trap observations and anecdotal evidence of habitat encroachment, quantifying this relationship is a key next step in the recovery process. This will enable us to define priority areas for targeted restoration to push back woody vegetation, as well as areas best suited to release Northern Aplomado Falcons that will minimize the likelihood of predation by Great Horned Owls.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":38084,"journal":{"name":"Food Webs","volume":"37 ","pages":"Article e00314"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46654137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0