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Interest Group Influence in Micro-States: The Role of Networking Skills 微观国家中的利益集团影响:网络技能的作用
European Journal of Government and Economics Pub Date : 2014-06-30 DOI: 10.17979/EJGE.2014.3.1.4296
Direnç Kanol
{"title":"Interest Group Influence in Micro-States: The Role of Networking Skills","authors":"Direnç Kanol","doi":"10.17979/EJGE.2014.3.1.4296","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17979/EJGE.2014.3.1.4296","url":null,"abstract":"This paper argues that an interest group’s networking skills in micro-states may be as important, if not more important than other variables discussed in the interest group influence literature. This argument is based on the recent literature on democratisation in micro-states which shows that politics in these states is personalistic in nature. The argument is supported by expert interviews undertaken in the Republic of Cyprus and the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus.","PeriodicalId":37945,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Government and Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67524073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Determinants of Tax Morale in Spain and Turkey: An Empirical Analysis 西班牙和土耳其税收士气的决定因素:实证分析
European Journal of Government and Economics Pub Date : 2014-06-27 DOI: 10.17979/EJGE.2014.3.1.4297
C. Bilgin
{"title":"Determinants of Tax Morale in Spain and Turkey: An Empirical Analysis","authors":"C. Bilgin","doi":"10.17979/EJGE.2014.3.1.4297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17979/EJGE.2014.3.1.4297","url":null,"abstract":"Tax morale is defined as the intrinsic motivation to pay taxes, and is closely related to tax compliance. Determinants of tax morale need to be investigated for a more comprehensive understanding of tax compliance. In this paper, determinants of tax morale in Turkey and Spain are analysed on the basis of World Values Survey data. Firstly, descriptive statistics of the variables used in the models are provided. Since tax morale is an ordered categorical dependent variable, ordered probit models are estimated separately for Turkey and Spain to derive the relations between tax morale and relevant variables. Marginal effects are computed since the coefficients of the models cannot be interpreted because of the nonlinearity of the estimated models. The marginal effects related to the top level of tax morale category are presented. The independent variables are combined by demographic factors, employment categories, economic status of the respondents and social capital variables. The findings from the estimated model suggest that social capital variables and some of the demographic factors have important effects on tax morale in Turkey. Confidence variables have positive effects; if taxpayers feel confidence in political entities they are willing to pay taxes. Religion and national pride affect tax morale positively. On the other hand, the results are different for Spain; social capital variables do not have effects on tax morale. Specifically, confidence variables are found to be statistically insignificant. Age, education level and the income level have significant effects on tax morale in Spain.","PeriodicalId":37945,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Government and Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67524084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 29
VERTICAL EXTERNALITIES WITH LUMP-SUM TAXES: HOW MUCH DIFFERENCE DOES UNEMPLOYMENT MAKE? 纵向外部性与一次性税收:失业有多大影响?
European Journal of Government and Economics Pub Date : 2014-06-27 DOI: 10.17979/EJGE.2014.3.1.4298
Diego Martínez‐López, Tomas Sjongren
{"title":"VERTICAL EXTERNALITIES WITH LUMP-SUM TAXES: HOW MUCH DIFFERENCE DOES UNEMPLOYMENT MAKE?","authors":"Diego Martínez‐López, Tomas Sjongren","doi":"10.17979/EJGE.2014.3.1.4298","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17979/EJGE.2014.3.1.4298","url":null,"abstract":"This paper analyses how the existence of unemployment affects the conventional approach to vertical externalities. We discuss the optimality rule for the provision of public inputs both in a unitary and in a federal state. Our findings indicate that decentralising spending responsability on public inputs in the presence of unemployment allows output to be closer to the first best level. Moreover, we describe the inability of the federal government, behaving as a Stackelberg leader, to replicate the unitary outcome, unless there are new policy instruments at government's disposal.","PeriodicalId":37945,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Government and Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67524118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 125
Collective action problems: Disentangling possible feedback loops between government policies and the public's value-change 集体行动问题:解开政府政策与公众价值变化之间可能的反馈循环
European Journal of Government and Economics Pub Date : 2014-06-27 DOI: 10.17979/EJGE.2014.3.1.4295
Eivind Hoff-Elimari, A. Bardi, Simon Matti, K. Ostman
{"title":"Collective action problems: Disentangling possible feedback loops between government policies and the public's value-change","authors":"Eivind Hoff-Elimari, A. Bardi, Simon Matti, K. Ostman","doi":"10.17979/EJGE.2014.3.1.4295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17979/EJGE.2014.3.1.4295","url":null,"abstract":"Solving collective action problems, such as poverty reduction or climate change, depends on interactions between governments' and voters' preferences regarding pro-social actions. This paper examines whether the overall direction of change in pro-social public policy precedes public value-change, rather than the other way around. We examine change in the public’s pro-social values in six European countries, as measured by the European Social Survey (ESS) during 2002-2012. In these countries, we conducted an expert survey to rate governmental policy that expresses these values over the same period, thereby examining value-change in governmental policy. The chronological comparison of value-change of the public with that of respective governments suggests that changes in pro-social government policies may drive public value-change rather than vice versa. This complements previous studies focused on the opinion-policy connection. Possible political implications are discussed. The promising findings of this initial study point to the importance of conducting larger-scale future studies.","PeriodicalId":37945,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Government and Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67524032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 11
New party parliamentary entry in Western Europe, 1960-2010 西欧新党进入议会，1960-2010
European Journal of Government and Economics Pub Date : 2014-06-27 DOI: 10.17979/EJGE.2014.3.1.4294
Niklas Bolin
{"title":"New party parliamentary entry in Western Europe, 1960-2010","authors":"Niklas Bolin","doi":"10.17979/EJGE.2014.3.1.4294","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17979/EJGE.2014.3.1.4294","url":null,"abstract":"Although the number of studies of new political parties is gradually increasing, we still lack a comprehensive understanding of when new parties manage to enter national parliaments. The objective of this article is to explain the circumstances under which new parties enter national parliaments for the first time. Unlike earlier research, this study does not focus on individual party families. Instead, generally applicable explanations are sought. This is achieved through an examination of the importance of the political opportunity structure, that is, the external environment new parties face in their quest for parliamentary representation. Using data collected for 18 Western European countries for the period 1960-2010, the analysis shows that institutional factors are important to understand new party parliamentary entry. The sociological factors analysed in the study, however, do not seem to be of equal importance.","PeriodicalId":37945,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Government and Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67524016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 9
Value Added Tax and price stability in Nigeria: A partial equilibrium analysis 尼日利亚增值税与物价稳定:部分均衡分析
European Journal of Government and Economics Pub Date : 2013-12-30 DOI: 10.17979/EJGE.2013.2.2.4292
Marius Ikpe, A. Nteegah
{"title":"Value Added Tax and price stability in Nigeria: A partial equilibrium analysis","authors":"Marius Ikpe, A. Nteegah","doi":"10.17979/EJGE.2013.2.2.4292","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17979/EJGE.2013.2.2.4292","url":null,"abstract":"The economic impact of Value Added Tax (VAT) that was implemented in Nigeria in 1994 has generated much debate in recent times, especially with respect to its effect on the level of aggregate prices. This study empirically examines the influence of VAT on price stability in Nigeria using partial equilibrium analysis. We introduced the VAT variable in the framework of a combination of structuralist, monetarist and fiscalist approaches to inflation modelling. The analysis was carried out by applying multiple regression analysis in static form to data for the 1994-2010 period. The results reveal that VAT exerts a strong upward pressure on price levels, most likely due to the burden of VAT on intermediate outputs. The study rules out the option of VAT exemptions for intermediate outputs as a solution, due to the difficulty in distinguishing between intermediate and final outputs. Instead, it recommends a detailed post-VAT cost-benefit analysis to assess the social desirability of VAT policy in Nigeria.","PeriodicalId":37945,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Government and Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67523971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
Modernity and natalism in Russia: Historic perspectives 俄罗斯的现代性与自然主义:历史视角
European Journal of Government and Economics Pub Date : 2013-12-30 DOI: 10.17979/EJGE.2013.2.2.4293
Nina Kouprianova
{"title":"Modernity and natalism in Russia: Historic perspectives","authors":"Nina Kouprianova","doi":"10.17979/EJGE.2013.2.2.4293","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17979/EJGE.2013.2.2.4293","url":null,"abstract":"Less than desirable indigenous birth rates in Western Europe have generated interest toward examining the question of natalism — an organised state initiative to manage and promote reproduction, child rearing, health, as well as related neo-traditional cultural values — from a comparative perspective. This paper reviews the history of natalism in the USSR and contemporary Russia within the greater framework of modernity, by focusing on sweeping questions of ideology and geopolitics as well as current historic models. Economic stability is not an unimportant factor, yet it is authentic traditional culture that is of equal, if not greater, importance, even if expressed through state policies.","PeriodicalId":37945,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Government and Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67524008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The optimal top marginal tax rate: Application to Hungary 最佳最高边际税率:在匈牙利的应用
European Journal of Government and Economics Pub Date : 2013-12-30 DOI: 10.17979/EJGE.2013.2.2.4290
Aron Kiss
{"title":"The optimal top marginal tax rate: Application to Hungary","authors":"Aron Kiss","doi":"10.17979/EJGE.2013.2.2.4290","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17979/EJGE.2013.2.2.4290","url":null,"abstract":"The paper applies recent developments in the theory of optimal income taxation to the Hungarian personal income tax system. The main conclusion is that the optimal top marginal tax rate in Hungary is likely to be higher, perhaps substantially, than the actual rate. It is discussed how this result depends on the parameters describing labor-supply behavior, the income distribution, and the redistributive preferences of society.","PeriodicalId":37945,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Government and Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67523547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
The Common Agricultural Policy and the EU budget: stasis or change? 共同农业政策与欧盟预算:停滞还是改变?
European Journal of Government and Economics Pub Date : 2013-12-30 DOI: 10.17979/EJGE.2013.2.2.4291
Alan Greer
{"title":"The Common Agricultural Policy and the EU budget: stasis or change?","authors":"Alan Greer","doi":"10.17979/EJGE.2013.2.2.4291","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17979/EJGE.2013.2.2.4291","url":null,"abstract":"After highlighting the budgetary context and the historical trends on the funding of the CAP, this paper considers contemporary debates about its reform in the context of two ‘historic firsts’. Negotiations about the multiannual financial framework (MFF) for 2014-20 for the first time took place in tandem with a proposed CAP reform, within the broader context set by the financial crisis after 2008. Second, the CAP reform debates took place within the new institutional arrangements introduced in the Lisbon Treaty, which by extending the co-decision mechanism to the CAP potentially has increased the influence of the European Parliament (EP). Indeed the CAP reform dossiers were the first real test of these new arrangements and provide an insight into how the new institutional structure will work in practice. In both cases the paper highlights a continuing cleavage among member states and stakeholder interests - that maps partly onto a broader budgetary gainers/losers division - between advocates of radical reform (e.g. the UK, Sweden) and those who favour the retention of the traditional CAP (such as France, Spain and Ireland).","PeriodicalId":37945,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Government and Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67523558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 21
Editorial statement: The first two years of EJGE 编辑声明:EJGE的头两年
European Journal of Government and Economics Pub Date : 2013-12-30 DOI: 10.17979/EJGE.2013.2.2.4289
Diego Varela, G. Benedetto, J. Sánchez-Santos
{"title":"Editorial statement: The first two years of EJGE","authors":"Diego Varela, G. Benedetto, J. Sánchez-Santos","doi":"10.17979/EJGE.2013.2.2.4289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17979/EJGE.2013.2.2.4289","url":null,"abstract":"In this editorial statement we explain the developments in the European Journal of Government and Economics in its second year of existence. In this period, the journal has continued its international expansion, entered some new indices and started to experience its impact, as measured by the number of citations in other journals. After two years of publication, we have also learned some lessons that should help us redefine the role of EJGE.","PeriodicalId":37945,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Government and Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67523949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
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