Crime Science最新文献_第9页

The effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health calls for police service. COVID-19 大流行对心理健康报警服务的影响。

IF 6.1

Crime Science Pub Date : 2021-01-01 Epub Date: 2021-10-11 DOI: 10.1186/s40163-021-00157-6

Jacek Koziarski

引用次数: 0

Functional and dysfunctional fear of COVID-19: a classification scheme. 对COVID-19的功能性和功能性恐惧:分类方案。

IF 6.1

Crime Science Pub Date : 2021-01-01 Epub Date: 2021-02-05 DOI: 10.1186/s40163-020-00137-2

Reka Solymosi, Jonathan Jackson, Krisztián Pósch, Julia A Yesberg, Ben Bradford, Arabella Kyprianides

{"title":"Functional and dysfunctional fear of COVID-19: a classification scheme.","authors":"Reka Solymosi, Jonathan Jackson, Krisztián Pósch, Julia A Yesberg, Ben Bradford, Arabella Kyprianides","doi":"10.1186/s40163-020-00137-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40163-020-00137-2","url":null,"abstract":"Worry about COVID-19 is a central topic of research into the social and economic consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic. In this paper, we present a new way of measuring worry about catching COVID-19 that distinguishes between worry as a negative experience that damages people's quality of life (dysfunctional) and worry as an adaptive experience that directs people's attention to potential problems (functional). Drawing on work into fear of crime, our classification divides people into three groups: (1) the unworried, (2) the functionally worried (where worry motivates proactive behaviours that help people to manage their sense of risk) and (3) the dysfunctionally worried (where quality of life is damaged by worry and/or precautionary behaviour). Analysing data from two waves of a longitudinal panel study of over 1000 individuals living in ten cities in England, Scotland and Wales, we find differing levels of negative anxiety, anger, loneliness, unhappiness and life satisfaction for each of the three groups, with the dysfunctionally worried experiencing the most negative outcomes and the functionally worried experiencing less negative outcomes than unworried. We find no difference between groups in compliance and willingness to re-engage in social life. Finally, we show a difference between the dysfunctionally worried compared with functional and unworried groups in perceptions of risk (differentiating between likelihood, control and consequence). This finding informs what sort of content-targeted messaging aimed at reducing dysfunctional worry might wish to promote. We conclude with some thoughts on the applicability of our measurement scheme for future research.","PeriodicalId":37844,"journal":{"name":"Crime Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s40163-020-00137-2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25372409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 15

The new normal of web camera theft on campus during COVID-19 and the impact of anti-theft signage. 新冠疫情期间校园网络摄像头盗窃的新常态及防盗标识的影响。

IF 6.1

Crime Science Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1186/s40163-021-00159-4

William A Chernoff

{"title":"The new normal of web camera theft on campus during COVID-19 and the impact of anti-theft signage.","authors":"William A Chernoff","doi":"10.1186/s40163-021-00159-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40163-021-00159-4","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The opportunity for web camera theft increased globally as institutions of higher education transitioned to remote learning during COVID-19. Given the thousands of cameras currently installed in classrooms, many with little protection, the present study tests the effectiveness of anti-theft signage for preventing camera theft.Methods: Examined web camera theft at a southern, public university located in the United States of America by randomly assigning N = 104 classrooms to receive either anti-theft signage or no signage. Camera theft was analyzed using Blaker's exact test.Results: Classrooms not receiving anti-theft signage (control) were 3.42 times more likely to exhibit web camera theft than classrooms receiving anti-theft signage (medium effect size).Conclusions: Using classrooms as the unit of analysis presents new opportunities for not only future crime prevention experiments, but also improving campus safety and security. Also, preventing web camera theft on campus is both fiscally and socially responsible, saving money and ensuring inclusivity for remote learners.","PeriodicalId":37844,"journal":{"name":"Crime Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8527821/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10799541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Crime and COVID-19: effect of changes in routine activities in Mexico City. 犯罪与 COVID-19：墨西哥城日常活动变化的影响。

IF 6.1

Crime Science Pub Date : 2021-01-01 Epub Date: 2021-06-30 DOI: 10.1186/s40163-021-00151-y

Patricio R Estévez-Soto

{"title":"Crime and COVID-19: effect of changes in routine activities in Mexico City.","authors":"Patricio R Estévez-Soto","doi":"10.1186/s40163-021-00151-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40163-021-00151-y","url":null,"abstract":"Background: This study aimed to determine whether crime patterns in Mexico City changed due to the COVID-19 pandemic, and to test whether any changes observed were associated with the disruption of routine activities, as measured by changes in public transport passenger numbers.Method: The first objective was assessed by comparing the observed incidence of crime after the COVID-19 pandemic was detected in the country with that expected based on ARIMA forecasts based on the pre-pandemic trends. The second objective was assessed by examining the association between crime incidence and the number of passengers on public transport using regressions with ARIMA errors.Results: Results indicated that most crime categories decreased significantly after the pandemic was detected in the country or after a national lockdown was instituted. Furthermore, the study found that some of the declines observed were associated with the reductions seen in public transport passenger numbers. However, the findings suggested that the changes in mobility explain part of the declines observed, with important variations per crime type.Conclusion: The findings contribute to the global evaluation of the effects of COVID-19 on crime and propose a robust method to explicitly test whether the changes observed are associated with changes in routine activities.","PeriodicalId":37844,"journal":{"name":"Crime Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8243075/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39154115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exploring regional variability in the short-term impact of COVID-19 on property crime in Queensland, Australia. 探讨2019冠状病毒病对澳大利亚昆士兰州财产犯罪短期影响的区域差异。

IF 6.1

Crime Science Pub Date : 2021-01-01 Epub Date: 2021-03-08 DOI: 10.1186/s40163-020-00136-3

Jason L Payne, Anthony Morgan, Alex R Piquero

{"title":"Exploring regional variability in the short-term impact of COVID-19 on property crime in Queensland, Australia.","authors":"Jason L Payne, Anthony Morgan, Alex R Piquero","doi":"10.1186/s40163-020-00136-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40163-020-00136-3","url":null,"abstract":"Confronted by rapidly growing infection rates, hospitalizations and deaths, governments around the world have introduced stringent containment measures to help reduce the spread of COVID-19. This public health response has had an unprecedented impact on people's daily lives which, unsurprisingly, has also had widely observed implications in terms of crime and public safety. Drawing upon theories from environmental criminology, this study examines officially recorded property crime rates between March and June 2020 as reported for the state of Queensland, Australia. We use ARIMA modeling techniques to compute 6-month-ahead forecasts of property damage, shop theft, residential burglary, fraud, and motor vehicle theft rates and then compare these forecasts (and their 95% confidence intervals) with the observed data for March through to June. We conclude that, with the exception of fraud, all property offence categories declined significantly. For some offence types (shop stealing, other theft offences, and residential burglary), the decrease commenced as early as March. For other offence types, the decline was lagged and did not occur until April or May. Non-residential burglary was the only offence type to significantly increase, which it did in March, only to then decline significantly thereafter. These trends, while broadly consistent across the state's 77 local government areas still varied in meaningful ways and we discuss possible explanations and implications.","PeriodicalId":37844,"journal":{"name":"Crime Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s40163-020-00136-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25477096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 40

In the post-COVID-19 era, is the illegal wildlife trade the most serious form of trafficking? 在后新冠疫情时代，非法野生动物贸易是最严重的贩运形式吗?

IF 3.1

Crime Science Pub Date : 2021-01-01 Epub Date: 2021-09-13 DOI: 10.1186/s40163-021-00154-9

J Sean Doody, Joan A Reid, Klejdis Bilali, Jennifer Diaz, Nichole Mattheus

引用次数: 0

Offline crime bounces back to pre-COVID levels, cyber stays high: interrupted time-series analysis in Northern Ireland. 线下犯罪反弹至疫情前水平，网络犯罪居高不下:北爱尔兰中断的时间序列分析

IF 6.1

Crime Science Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1186/s40163-021-00162-9

David Buil-Gil, Yongyu Zeng, Steven Kemp

{"title":"Offline crime bounces back to pre-COVID levels, cyber stays high: interrupted time-series analysis in Northern Ireland.","authors":"David Buil-Gil, Yongyu Zeng, Steven Kemp","doi":"10.1186/s40163-021-00162-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40163-021-00162-9","url":null,"abstract":"Much research has shown that the first lockdowns imposed in response to the COVID-19 pandemic were associated with changes in routine activities and, therefore, changes in crime. While several types of violent and property crime decreased immediately after the first lockdown, online crime rates increased. Nevertheless, little research has explored the relationship between multiple lockdowns and crime in the mid-term. Furthermore, few studies have analysed potentially contrasting trends in offline and online crimes using the same dataset. To fill these gaps in research, the present article employs interrupted time-series analysis to examine the effects on offline and online crime of the three lockdown orders implemented in Northern Ireland. We analyse crime data recorded by the police between April 2015 and May 2021. Results show that many types of traditional offline crime decreased after the lockdowns but that they subsequently bounced back to pre-pandemic levels. In contrast, results appear to indicate that cyber-enabled fraud and cyber-dependent crime rose alongside lockdown-induced changes in online habits and remained higher than before COVID-19. It is likely that the pandemic accelerated the long-term upward trend in online crime. We also find that lockdowns with stay-at-home orders had a clearer impact on crime than those without. Our results contribute to understanding how responses to pandemics can influence crime trends in the mid-term as well as helping identify the potential long-term effects of the pandemic on crime, which can strengthen the evidence base for policy and practice.","PeriodicalId":37844,"journal":{"name":"Crime Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8579416/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10638335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

The impact of strict measures as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic on the spatial pattern of the demand for police: case study Antwerp (Belgium). 因 COVID-19 大流行而采取的严格措施对警察需求空间模式的影响：安特卫普（比利时）案例研究。

IF 6.1

Crime Science Pub Date : 2021-01-01 Epub Date: 2021-09-27 DOI: 10.1186/s40163-021-00156-7

Maite Dewinter, Christophe Vandeviver, Philipp M Dau, Tom Vander Beken, Frank Witlox

引用次数: 0

More crime in cities? On the scaling laws of crime and the inadequacy of per capita rankings—a cross-country study 城市犯罪率更高?论犯罪的比例规律与人均排名的不足——一项跨国研究

IF 6.1

Crime Science Pub Date : 2020-12-30 DOI: 10.1186/s40163-021-00155-8

Marcos A. C. Oliveira

引用次数: 3

Crime script analysis for adult image-based sexual abuse: a study of crime intervention points for retribution-style offenders 成人图像性虐待犯罪脚本分析：报应型罪犯犯罪干预点研究

IF 6.1

Crime Science Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.1186/s40163-020-00130-9

Abigail C. O’Hara, Ryan K. L. Ko, Lorraine Mazerolle, Jonah R. Rimer

{"title":"Crime script analysis for adult image-based sexual abuse: a study of crime intervention points for retribution-style offenders","authors":"Abigail C. O’Hara, Ryan K. L. Ko, Lorraine Mazerolle, Jonah R. Rimer","doi":"10.1186/s40163-020-00130-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40163-020-00130-9","url":null,"abstract":"Objective This research uses crime scripts to understand adult retribution-style image-based sexual abuse (RS-IBSA) offender decision-making and offending in offline and online environments. We explain the crime-commission process of adult RS-IBSA and identify crime intervention points at eight crime script stages. Methods Publicly released court transcripts of adult RS-IBSA prosecution cases (n = 18) in New Zealand from 2015 to 2018 were utilised to examine the crime-commission process of adult RS-IBSA. We analysed the court transcripts thematically at offence-level prior to constructing the crime scripts. Findings The study identified four types of adult RS-IBSA acts including the non-consensual dissemination of a victim’s intimate images, violent cyber sextortion, covert intimate photography, and unauthorised access of a victim’s phone/media. From our analysis, we identified three script tracks and constructed three distinct crime scripts: (1) threats, sextortion and dissemination; (2) unauthorised access of a victim’s mobile device and dissemination; and (3) covert intimate filming. We highlight areas for potential intervention for law enforcement agencies and policy makers to increase deterrence and personal security in online and offline spaces. Conclusion Adult RS-IBSA occurs in a range of dating and domestic contexts. This study develops crime scripts for adult RS-IBSA and advances our understanding of how the Internet/smartphones/digital media translates into virtual crime scenes with opportunities for maximum harm infliction. We offer several policy implications including revising current RS-IBSA legislation and supporting law enforcement agencies with policing online and offline intimate relationship spaces through situational prevention.","PeriodicalId":37844,"journal":{"name":"Crime Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140882457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0