S. Tomaru, K. Enbutsu, M. Hikita, R. Yoshimura, S. Imamura, T. Maruno, Junya Kobayashi
{"title":"Application of UV Cured Epoxy Resin to Polymeric Optical Waveguide Components","authors":"S. Tomaru, K. Enbutsu, M. Hikita, R. Yoshimura, S. Imamura, T. Maruno, Junya Kobayashi","doi":"10.1364/otfa.1997.fb.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/otfa.1997.fb.5","url":null,"abstract":"Many polymeric optical waveguides have been studied for use in the field of optical interconnection [1-3] because they offer such advantages as routing flexibility, process compatibility with electronic devices, and mass productivity. In particular, their application to multimode optical waveguide devices in the 0.85 µm wavelength region is attractive because polymeric materials generally have low loss. We have already realized polymeric multimode optical devices for optical interconnection[4,5].","PeriodicalId":378320,"journal":{"name":"Organic Thin Films for Photonics Applications","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125352281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mechanisms of chromophore reorientation probed with in-situ, pressure second harmonic generation","authors":"L. Hayden, S. Strutz","doi":"10.1364/otfa.1997.wb.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/otfa.1997.wb.3","url":null,"abstract":"Research to determine the mechanisms which tie chromophore reorientation to polymer relaxation is crucial to the development of thermally stable NLO polymers.1 Most of the work to date has been performed above or near the glass transition temperature where the decay of the NLO properties of the material is tied to the glass transition and the α-motion of the polymer backbone. Devices which rely upon permanently poled polymer films for their NLO characteristics are not designed to operate near or above the glass transition because their nonlinear properties would quickly dissipate. A study of the coupling between polymer motion and chromophore reorientation below the glass transition temperature is necessary to gain insight into the reorientional dynamics of the chromophores at common device temperatures. Using the results of elevated temperature studies to predict the behavior of the NLO properties below T\u0000 g\u0000 may not be accurate if the mechanisms responsible for chromophore reorientation are not the same in both regimes.","PeriodicalId":378320,"journal":{"name":"Organic Thin Films for Photonics Applications","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133523553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. Hsu, C. Shu, Tzer-hsiang Huang, Jiunn-Lih Lin, Yuh-kai Wang, Yi-Liang Zang, C. Wang
{"title":"Hyper-Rayleigh Scattering and Two-Photon Absorption-Induced Fluorescence of Chromophores with Enhanced Thermal Stability","authors":"C. Hsu, C. Shu, Tzer-hsiang Huang, Jiunn-Lih Lin, Yuh-kai Wang, Yi-Liang Zang, C. Wang","doi":"10.1364/otfa.1997.the.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/otfa.1997.the.6","url":null,"abstract":"Hyper-Rayleigh scattering (HRS) technique has been frequently used to determine chromophore's β values.1 Comparing with the electric field induced second harmonic generation (EFISH) technique, the HRS technique offers a straightforward method for measuring the first hyperpolarizabilities of organic molecules. Recently, HRS from some molecules excited with the fundamental radiation at 1064 nm wavelength has been found to be accompanied by the two-photon absorption (TPA) induced fluorescence.2-3 Consequently, the β value determined by the HRS technique without making appropriate corrections for the contribution due to TPA induced fluorescence could be too large. To obtain the correct β value, the TPA induced fluorescence must be discriminated or removed from the HRS signal.","PeriodicalId":378320,"journal":{"name":"Organic Thin Films for Photonics Applications","volume":"97 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122782201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Reduced Hole Mobility in Photorefractive Polymers due to the Chromophore Dipole Moment","authors":"A. Goonesekera, S. Ducharme","doi":"10.1364/otfa.1997.fd.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/otfa.1997.fd.5","url":null,"abstract":"The recent demonstrations of low-cost high performance photorefractive polymers has encouraged more detailed studies of charge carrier transport mechanisms in photorefractive polymers as charge transport is a limiting factor in the sensitivity of these materials. The photorefractive effect is a mechanism for non local refractive index grating formation in an electro-optic material due to nonuniform illumination, through photoconduction and linear electro-optic response. The speed of photorefractive effect which remains low at present, is proportional to photoconductivity, hence improved understanding of transport mechanisms is vital. This report describes the negative effect the dipole moment of the non-linear chromophore has on the hole mobility in photorefractive polymers.","PeriodicalId":378320,"journal":{"name":"Organic Thin Films for Photonics Applications","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125509647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Application of Highly Scattering Optical-Transmission Polymer to high quality LCDs","authors":"A. Horibe, E. Nihei, Y. Koike","doi":"10.1364/otfa.1997.wa.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/otfa.1997.wa.1","url":null,"abstract":"More efficient LCD backlights have been strongly required to achieve lower electric power consumption and higher brightness on the LCD panel.","PeriodicalId":378320,"journal":{"name":"Organic Thin Films for Photonics Applications","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125817332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yongqiang Shi, Wenshen Wang, J. Bechtel, W. Steier, L. Dalton, H. Fetterman
{"title":"Integrated electrooptic polymer devices for optical communications","authors":"Yongqiang Shi, Wenshen Wang, J. Bechtel, W. Steier, L. Dalton, H. Fetterman","doi":"10.1364/otfa.1997.fc.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/otfa.1997.fc.3","url":null,"abstract":"The rapid development in high speed optical communications has prompted a large demand in electrooptic (EO) modulators and switches which are currently made of LiNbO3 and semiconductor materials. In order to reduce manufacturing cost and driving voltage, and extend the bandwidth of the EO devices, an intense research in EO polymer materials and devices is underway.","PeriodicalId":378320,"journal":{"name":"Organic Thin Films for Photonics Applications","volume":"108 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124071369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Control of The Photoinduced Micro-Patterning of Nonlinear Organic Thin Films: From Molecular to Photonic Engineering","authors":"S. Brasselet, J. Zyss","doi":"10.1364/otfa.1997.fb.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/otfa.1997.fb.1","url":null,"abstract":"The development of electrooptic polymers now stands at the onset of technological fruition as a result of almost two decades of intense molecular engineering studies and of the more recent maturing of semiconductor compatible integrated optics fabrication processes. Nevertheless, the full potential of organic systems for nonlinear optics(1) and related applications may not have been fully exploited so-far within the paradigmatic orientational scheme of a dipolar molecular diode structure coupled with an externally applied poling electric field at thermal equilibrium. In particular, such a configuration makes it difficult to implement (quasi)-phase matched gratings for (cascaded) quadratic NLO, guarantee polarization independant telecom device behaviour or engineer other propagative (e.g. soliton generation) or QED (e.g. microcavity) configurations. A different approach, whereby all-optical photoinduced processes are called-upon instead of thermally equilibrated ones and traditional 1-D systems are traded for more general 3-D multipolar molecules (e.g. octupolar, dipolar or a combination of these) opens-up new possibilities to adress these issues. It permits indeed to micro-pattern and control with subwavelength accuracy a continuous or pixellised spatial χ(2) tensorial distribution whereby the magnitude and ratios of macroscopic tensorial coefficients are balanced at will by phase and ellipsometric adjustment of the writing beams2.","PeriodicalId":378320,"journal":{"name":"Organic Thin Films for Photonics Applications","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129016906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. R. Heflin, Y. Liu, C. Figura, D. Marciu, R. Claus
{"title":"Noncentrosymmetric Ionically Self-Assembled Thin Films for Second Order Nonlinear Optics","authors":"J. R. Heflin, Y. Liu, C. Figura, D. Marciu, R. Claus","doi":"10.1364/otfa.1997.thc.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/otfa.1997.thc.1","url":null,"abstract":"Ionic self-assembled monolayers (ISAMs) are a recently developed [1], revolutionary class of materials that allows detailed structural control at the molecular level combined with ease of manufacturing and low cost. The ISAM method involves the alternate dipping of a charged substrate into an aqueous solution of a cation followed by dipping in an aqueous solution of an anion at room temperature. Since the adsorption is based on the electrostatic attraction of interlayer charges, each layer is self-limiting in thickness and uniform at the molecular level. We have recently demonstrated through second harmonic generation (SHG) measurements with fundamental wavelengths of 1064 and 1200 nm that the ISAM technique can produce a noncentrosymmetric arrangement of NLO chromophores to yield thin films with χ(2) values comparable to that of quartz. The development of ISAM χ(2) thin films provides significant advantages over the production of organic χ(2) thin films by alternative methods. For example, ISAM films can exhibit long-term stability of χ(2) in contrast to electric field poling of glassy polymers[2], can provide thicker films (upwards of 10 μm) than the Langmuir-Blodgett technique, and can be fabricated much more rapidly than covalent self-assembly[3] methods.","PeriodicalId":378320,"journal":{"name":"Organic Thin Films for Photonics Applications","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133692116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. Bosshard, Pan Feng, M. Wong, M. Bösch, U. Meier, P. Günter
{"title":"Thiophene Based Hydrazones: a New Class of Nonlinear Optical Molecular Crystals","authors":"C. Bosshard, Pan Feng, M. Wong, M. Bösch, U. Meier, P. Günter","doi":"10.1364/otfa.1997.thd.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/otfa.1997.thd.2","url":null,"abstract":"Crystalline solids are often regarded as the best choice of material form for practical use as optical frequency converters because of the excellent long-term orientational stability and extremely high density of active components. Such materials can be combined with inexpensive diode lasers for optic parametric generation of a broad range of optical frequencies [1, 2]. We here report on our on-going efforts in the development of novel and highly efficient second-order nonlinear optical crystalline materials for frequency conversion, based on the hydrazone derivatives 5-(methylthio)-thiophenecarboxaldehyde-4-nitrophenylhydrazone (MTTNPH) and 5-nitro-2-thiophene-carboxaldehyde-4-methylphenylhydrazone (NTMPH).","PeriodicalId":378320,"journal":{"name":"Organic Thin Films for Photonics Applications","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130711832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Single-Mode Optical Interconnects in Ultra-Low-Loss Environmentally-Stable Polymers","authors":"L. Eldada, L. Shacklette, R. Norwood, J. Yardley","doi":"10.1364/otfa.1997.wa.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/otfa.1997.wa.2","url":null,"abstract":"SINGLE-MODE passive optical components need to be produced in high volume and at low cost in order to meet the ever-increasing demands of the telecom industry. Although glass optical fibers provide a very convenient means for carrying optical information over long distances, they are very inconvenient for complex high-density circuitry. Devices produced in glass fibers are difficult to fabricate — especially when they have a high port count — and as a result are quite expensive. Polymeric materials, on the other hand, offer the potential to create low-cost highly-complex optical interconnection circuitry on a planar substrate. In addition, they provide the possibility for a much higher degree of ruggedness and hermeticity. We have developed in detail one technology for single-mode polymeric optical interconnection which addresses the needs of the telecom industry. Our polymeric waveguiding structures are very low loss (0.06 dB/cm at 1550 nm), temperature resistant (they can endure more than 65 years at 100°C before a loss of 0.1 dB/cm is thermally induced), humidity resistant (no humidity effects were observed on a bare device after 600 hours at 85°C 85% RH), and exhibit low dispersion and low birefringence.","PeriodicalId":378320,"journal":{"name":"Organic Thin Films for Photonics Applications","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127892903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}