Przeglad Strategiczny最新文献_第2页

The Global Pandemic of Terrorism – Another Mutation of The Terrorist Virus 恐怖主义的全球流行——恐怖主义病毒的另一种变异

Przeglad Strategiczny Pub Date : 2023-02-15 DOI: 10.14746/ps.2022.1.1

S. Wojciechowski

引用次数: 0

The End of Artic Exceptionalism? New Artic Approach after February 24, 2022 北极例外论的终结?2022年2月24日之后的新北极方法

Przeglad Strategiczny Pub Date : 2023-02-15 DOI: 10.14746/ps.2022.1.22

Tomasz Brańka

引用次数: 0

Historical Development of Cybersecurity Studies: A Literature Review and Its Place in Security Studies 网络安全研究的历史发展:文献回顾及其在安全研究中的地位

Przeglad Strategiczny Pub Date : 2023-02-15 DOI: 10.14746/ps.2022.1.23

Kamil Tarhan

{"title":"Historical Development of Cybersecurity Studies: A Literature Review and Its Place in Security Studies","authors":"Kamil Tarhan","doi":"10.14746/ps.2022.1.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14746/ps.2022.1.23","url":null,"abstract":"This study discusses the formation and development of cybersecurity studies since the creation of the Internet. Although the origin of cybersecurity studies dates back to the 1970s, hacking, malicious software, computer intrusions, and espionage attacks that took place in the 1980s led cybersecurity studies to form in the area of computer science. By the 1990s, the Internet began to be used widely, and an increase in the level of attacks in cyberspace began to occur. This period was a major reason for the growth in writing on software and network security. Network security has become a key priority for governments and many industries. Cybersecurity studies have become a priority area in security studies with the increasing complexity of cyber threats towards 2000s. States and some supranational organizations have started to create cybersecurity strategies. The security of critical infrastructure and computer networks has begun to emerge as a high-priority area. It has been observed that the transition from classical security policies to modern security policies, which should be established in the information age, has begun. Cybersecurity studies were taken more seriously after the 2007 Estonian attacks, especially in the 2010s. In this period, the intensity of attacks on critical infrastructures and the occurrence of some physical attacks caused cybersecurity to deepen and become an issue on an international scale. Cybersecurity studies continue to be shaped by being influenced by many different disciplines, regardless of any discipline, with the important discussions and cyber incidents that have taken place in recent years. Therefore, the studies were handled from a multidisciplinary perspective.","PeriodicalId":37800,"journal":{"name":"Przeglad Strategiczny","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66610873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Saudi Arabia’s Foreign Policy Towards Turkey During and After Arab Uprising: A Defensive Realism Approach 阿拉伯起义前后沙特对土耳其的外交政策:一种防御性的现实主义方法

Przeglad Strategiczny Pub Date : 2023-02-15 DOI: 10.14746/ps.2022.1.4

Muzaffer Kural, Gökhan Erdem

引用次数: 0

Abraham Accords Against the Backdrop of the Middle East Political Mosaic 中东政治格局背景下的亚伯拉罕协议

Przeglad Strategiczny Pub Date : 2023-02-15 DOI: 10.14746/ps.2022.1.7

Michał M. Kosman

引用次数: 0

Japan’s Taiwan Policy in the Xi Jinping Era: Moving Toward Strategic Clarity

Przeglad Strategiczny Pub Date : 2023-02-15 DOI: 10.14746/ps.2022.1.18

Yu-Hua Chen

{"title":"Japan’s Taiwan Policy in the Xi Jinping Era: Moving Toward Strategic Clarity","authors":"Yu-Hua Chen","doi":"10.14746/ps.2022.1.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14746/ps.2022.1.18","url":null,"abstract":"Like the United States, Japan views its relations with Taiwan through a greater China framework. It uses a similar strategic ambiguity toward Taiwan to navigate its relations with China and Taiwan. However, Japan’s recent strong support for Taiwan to counter China’s pressure on the island seems to suggest that Japan’s Taiwan policy is moving away from its old strategic ambiguity toward a new strategic clarity. Why has Japan started to protect Taiwan proactively and directly in recent years? How to explain the transformation of Japan’s policy regarding Taiwan from strategic ambiguity to strategic clarity? Drawing upon various primary materials, this article approached those questions from a social constructivism lens. It argues that Japan’s new identity is a critical factor in Japan’s strategic transformation of its Taiwan policy. Japan’s new identity has first taken shape due to the growing challenge from China, and second been accelerated and hardened by the caprices of the United States. It is this new identity and its associated normative expectations that have caused Japan’s foreign behaviour to change fundamentally. This article will detail the process in which how Japan steadily changed its state identity over the years after showing that the existing explanations are unable to properly account for the shift of Japan’s policy toward Taiwan. Some policy implications will be offered in the conclusion section.","PeriodicalId":37800,"journal":{"name":"Przeglad Strategiczny","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66610755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Policy of Maximum Pressure on Iran. US Policy Objectives and Effects 对伊朗施加最大压力的政策。美国的政策目标和效果

Przeglad Strategiczny Pub Date : 2023-02-15 DOI: 10.14746/ps.2022.1.17

Radosław Fiedler

引用次数: 0

Mohammed Bin Salman’s Rising to Power. Chances for Transition in Saudi Arabia? 穆罕默德·本·萨勒曼的崛起。沙特阿拉伯政权移交的机会?

Przeglad Strategiczny Pub Date : 2023-02-15 DOI: 10.14746/ps.2022.1.10

R. Ożarowski

{"title":"Mohammed Bin Salman’s Rising to Power. Chances for Transition in Saudi Arabia?","authors":"R. Ożarowski","doi":"10.14746/ps.2022.1.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14746/ps.2022.1.10","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this paper is to present the outline of planned and already implemented social, political and economic changes in the context of gradual transition of power in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The main thesis put in this paper relates to Mohammed bin Salman’s leading project – “Vision 2030” which assumed gradual multi-dimensional transition in Saudi Arabia. Many of changes implemented already, including the limitation of clergy’s activity will not bring about quick social-political transition due to long-lasting and deeply rooted alliance between Saudi ruling clan and radical movement of Wahhabis, that determines conservative regime in the country. Basing on the main thesis Author tries to give the answer to research questions correlated with the thesis and touching the issue of possibility for implementation political, economic changes in Saudi Arabia by Mohammed bin Salman. \u0000In the paper following research methods has been applied: historical method, which refers to analysis of historical process of shaping and development Saudi monarchy; documentary analysis - relating to governmental project “Vision 2030” particularly; elements of systemic approach in which system is constituted by political regime of Saudi Arabia; elements of statistical method employed in the context of variable economic or social data and elements of predictive referring to the model of Saudi Arabia’s development under the rule of Mohammed bin Salman.","PeriodicalId":37800,"journal":{"name":"Przeglad Strategiczny","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66610690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Scarborough Shoal Standoff and the Policy of the People’s Republic of China Towards Territorial Disputes in the South China Sea 黄岩岛对峙与中华人民共和国对南海领土争端的政策

Przeglad Strategiczny Pub Date : 2023-02-15 DOI: 10.14746/ps.2022.1.15

Paweł Luzak

{"title":"The Scarborough Shoal Standoff and the Policy of the People’s Republic of China Towards Territorial Disputes in the South China Sea","authors":"Paweł Luzak","doi":"10.14746/ps.2022.1.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14746/ps.2022.1.15","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this article is to distinguish the key assumptions and instruments of the People’s Republic of China’s foreign policy towards territorial disputes in which this country is involved (with particular focus on the conflicts over islands and features in the South China Sea) through in-depth analysis of PRC’s policy in the conflict over Scarborough Shoal. According to the working hypothesis the events that took place in 2012 and ultimately led to the PRC’s de facto control over the shoal could be viewed as a model for the country’s future actions in the regional conflicts. \u0000The article has been divided into three parts. The first one presents the subject matter of the dispute and its historical determinants. The latter characterizes the interests of individual countries involved in the conflict, their position, and the legal background to the dispute. Finally, the third section analyzes the events of 2012 and their implications, along with an attempt to isolate the elements that may constitute the model of the PRC’s future policy with regard to territorial disputes in which it is involved (“Scarborough model”). \u0000The following research questions were asked for the purpose of structuring the analysis: 1) What is the factual and legal background to the Scarborough Shoal standoff? 2) How and by means of what instruments did China establish effective control of the atoll? 3) What is the role of the dispute in the context of the PRC’s remaining territorial claims over the South China Sea? \u0000The article primarily uses the method of gathering and observing facts, as well as the decision-making method in the context of analyzing the positions of the states involved in the dispute. Also, the process method was used to present the genesis of the studied political processes.","PeriodicalId":37800,"journal":{"name":"Przeglad Strategiczny","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66610718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Politicization of Intellectual Property Rights in the Context of Karabakh 卡拉巴赫背景下的知识产权政治化

Przeglad Strategiczny Pub Date : 2023-02-15 DOI: 10.14746/ps.2022.1.25

A. Muradov, N. Hajiyeva

引用次数: 0