{"title":"The Parallel-Plate Transmission Line for Lightning Electromagnetic Effects Testing of Electronics Systems","authors":"J. Robb, T. Chen, W. Werner, G. Young","doi":"10.1109/ISEMC.1978.7566890","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISEMC.1978.7566890","url":null,"abstract":"L ig h tn in g e le c tro m a g n e tic e f f e c t s t e s t i n g o f d i g i t a l e l e c t r o n ic s has shown t h a t c i r c u i t p r o t e c t io n can p rev en t s e r io u s u p se t in f l i g h t c o n t ro l sy s tem s . An u n p ro te c te d system can be ex trem ely s e n s i t i v e to induced t r a n s i e n t v o l ta g e s r e s u l t i n g i n p o s s ib le memory dump and unprogram med lo o p in g . The in c re a se d u se o f lo w le v e l c i r c u i t r y and th e t r e n d to more com posites in a i r c r a f t s t r u c t u r e s w ith a t te n d e n t re d u c t io n i n s h ie ld in g has shown a need f o r a sim ple means o f t r a n s i e n t t e s t i n g com plete d i g i t a l system s b e fo re new p ro to ty p e a e ro sp ace v e h ic le s a r e a v a i l a b l e fo r in v e h ic i e t e s t s . The p a r a l l e l p l a t e tr a n s m is s io n l i n e m eets t h i s need by p ro v id in g a r e l a t i v e l y un ifo rm and p re d i c t a b l e t r a n s i e n t e le c tro m a g n e tic f i e l d in a volume s u i t a b le fo r exposing a com ple te f l i g h t c o n t r o l system . The tr a n s m is s io n l i n e , used a s a lu m p ed -constan t e lec trom ag n e t i c f i e l d g e n e ra t io n f a c i l i t y , can be design ed and c a l ib r a te d r e l a t i v e l y e a s i l y u s in g an e l e c t r o l y t i c ta n k and s im ple f i e l d p ro b e s . A th r e e p l a t e l i n e was d esig ned and f a b r ic a te d to t e s t a d i g i t a l f l i g h t c o n t r o l system . T e s ts d is c lo s e d th a t th e f l i g h t c o n t r o l system w ith s to o d ty p i c a l i n t e r n a l f i e l d s e x i s t i n g in a i r c r a f t exposed to sev e re l i g h tn in g s t r i k e s . The t e s t e i l l u s t r a t e d th e im port ance o f c lo s e sp ac in g o f c a b le s over th e ground p la n e in b o th th e t e s t f a c i l i t y and th e new ae ro sp ace v e h ic le .","PeriodicalId":377995,"journal":{"name":"1978 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1978-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126040613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Swept Stroke Experiment With a Rocket Sled","authors":"J. Dobbing, A. W. Hanson","doi":"10.1109/ISEMC.1978.7566889","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISEMC.1978.7566889","url":null,"abstract":"A new method of simulating the sweeping of a lightning stroke has been developed using a moving test vehicle and stationary arcs. Realistic aircraft landing and approach speeds were obtained by using the rocket driven sled installation at the Royal Aircraft Establishment (RAE), Farnborough. The sled was used to carry a simulated 'wing' at speeds up to 160 mph. A simple arrangement was used to vary the boundary layer.","PeriodicalId":377995,"journal":{"name":"1978 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1978-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127776558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Spread Spectrum Interference to Voice Communications Systems","authors":"L. Farber","doi":"10.1109/ISEMC.1978.7566870","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISEMC.1978.7566870","url":null,"abstract":"A computer s im u la t io n model d eve lop ed f o r d e t e r mining th e manner in which u n d e s ire d spread spectrum s i g n a l s a f f e c t th e perform ance o f c o n v e n t io n a l narrow band AM and FM v o i c e communications system s i s o u t l in e d . D ir e c t s e q u e n c e , freq uency-hopp in g and h y b rid , fr e q u e n c y -h o p p in g /d ir e c t s e q u e n c e , spread spectrum in t e r f e r e n c e s i g n a l s were modeled. Using a r t i c u l a t i o n index as th e measure o f perform ance, com parisons are made between system performance f o r d ir e c t s e q u e n c e i n t e r f e r e n c e and w h ite Gaussian n o i s e . System p e r formance f o r freq uency-hopp in g o r fr eq u en cy -h o p p in g / d ir e c t s e q u e n c e in t e r f e r e n c e i s compared w ith th a t fo r p u lsed in t e r f e r e n c e .","PeriodicalId":377995,"journal":{"name":"1978 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1978-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127414953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Exhaust Plume Effects on Missile Scattering Currents","authors":"H. Schuman, V. Eveleigh","doi":"10.1109/ISEMC.1978.7566892","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISEMC.1978.7566892","url":null,"abstract":"Theoretical predictions of the plane-wave induced uniform-mode scattering current on a typical missile with exhaust plume are presented. An approximate'math ematical model is derived based on body-of-revolution theory, the moment method, an impedance-sheet repre sentation and recently achieved plume conductivity pro files. Particular attention is paid to the modifica tion of missile current due to the presence of the plume. This effort supplements recently reported work based on thin-wire modeling of both missile and plume. The significant width of the plume, about eight times the missile diameter, warrants the more sophisticated modeling employed here. Frequencies considered cor respond to missile electrical lengths approximately between 0.1 and 1.0 wavelengths. The excitation direc tions considered are between broadside and 15° off missile axis.","PeriodicalId":377995,"journal":{"name":"1978 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1978-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128368930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Effect of 60 Hertz Electric Fields and Currents on Implanted Cardiac Pacemakers","authors":"J. Bridges, M. Frazier, R. Hauser","doi":"10.1109/ISEMC.1978.7566866","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISEMC.1978.7566866","url":null,"abstract":"To provide quantitative data on the effect of electric fields from power lines and leakage currents from household appliances on patients with -implanted pacemakers, a semi-empirical prediction method was de veloped. Input data to the prediction model included in vitro susceptibility bench tests on pacemakers, in vivo exposure measurements on baboons with implanted pacemakers, and nonhazardous, noninvasive tests on hu mans. The results show that widespread interference from 60 Hz electric fields or currents does not con stitute a problem for the vast majority of pacemaker patients. Several remedial approaches have been iden tified for the small group of patients where the possi bility of interference may occur. The results of the above are developed in two parts. This paper, Part I, provides basic information on 60 Hertz environments, pacemaker operation, in vitro bench measurements and in vivo studies. It is shown that in vitro measurements on pacemakers are a valid method for assessing performance of implanted units. Pacemaker sensitivity to 60 Hertz interference, arising from either household appliance leakage current or transmission line fields varies widely. The most .pick up occurs for a monopolar lead configuration in combi nation with an abdominal implant for electric field exposures or hand-to-feet body currents. The monopolar pectoral implant-lead combination is the most sensitive to horizontal electric fields or body currents. The bipolar:lead in combination with any location of pulse generator exhibits the least pickup•","PeriodicalId":377995,"journal":{"name":"1978 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility","volume":"2012 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1978-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131915129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Semi-Automated System for the Acquisition and Analysis of Radiated and Conducted EMI Data","authors":"Charlotte R. Tyson","doi":"10.1109/ISEMC.1978.7566851","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISEMC.1978.7566851","url":null,"abstract":"The c o m p lex ity o f th e e le c tr o m a g n e t ic environment i s e v er in c r e a s in g and as a r e s u l t , more emphasis i s p la c e d upon f a s t and a c cu ra te means o f c o l l e c t i n g e le c tr o m a g n e t ic c o m p a t ib i l i t y d a ta . In resp o n se to t h i s need a sem i-autom ated EMI data a c q u i s i t i o n and a n a l y s i s system was deve lop ed by th e IBM General Products EMC department i n B oulder . While development was i n p r o c e s s commercial sys tem s became a v a i la b l e , t h e r e f o r e t h i s paper w i l l in c lu d e , i n a d d i t io n t o a d e s c r ip t io n o f th e IBM system and i t s a p p l ic a t io n s , how th e s e id e a s and methods can be a p p l ie d t o o th e r s y s te m s .","PeriodicalId":377995,"journal":{"name":"1978 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1978-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126086071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Measurement of the Spatial Distribution of Surface Potentials on Orbiting Spacecraft","authors":"P. De Bruyne","doi":"10.1109/ISEMC.1978.7566888","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISEMC.1978.7566888","url":null,"abstract":"U n t i l 1970 the accumulation o f e l e c t r o s t a t i c char ges a t th e su r f a c e o f s p a c e c r a f t in g e o s t a t i o n a r y o r b i t was not co n s id e r ed s i g n i f i c a n t . The e l e c t r i c a l conduc t i v i t y a t t h e su r f a c e o f thermal i n s u l a t i n g b la n k e ts i s o f t e n very low. T h e ir m e t a l i z e d l a y e r s were o f t e n l e f t f l o a t i n g , app arent ly w i th o u t regard t o EMC a rcing pro","PeriodicalId":377995,"journal":{"name":"1978 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility","volume":"129 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1978-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122702175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Prediction of Relative Available Noise Power for Vehicular Ignition Noise","authors":"D. E. Baran","doi":"10.1109/ISEMC.1978.7566884","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISEMC.1978.7566884","url":null,"abstract":"A high frequency radio noise model was developed for predicting average electromagnetic noise (EMN) lev els, in terms of Fa, from a number of vehicles travel ing on a roadway. The model, which is based on a vehi cular ignition noise model previously developed by A. D. Spaulding, predicts average Fa levels as a function of traffic density and distance from the roadway. Meas urements of the EMN level variations with respect to vehicular make, distance, frequency, orientation of the vehicle, number of cylinders, and engine RPM made on a sample of individual vehicles, supplemented with meas ured ignition noise data from published studies, were used for assessing and determining relationships for the model development. Predicted average Fa levels for freeway traffic conditions were within 4 dB of measured results.","PeriodicalId":377995,"journal":{"name":"1978 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1978-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116599036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Maintaining EMI/RFI Shielding Integrity of Equipment Enclosures with Conductive Gasketing","authors":"Julian J. Soltys","doi":"10.1109/ISEMC.1978.7566881","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISEMC.1978.7566881","url":null,"abstract":"The easiest way to eliminate electromagnetic and radio frequency interference (EMI/RFI) is to remove the source of the problem, but in this age of increasing need for more data transmission, higher power levels and denser packaging techniques, it is a matter of designing around the problem and deciding upon a useable inter ference tolerance level. Many designers strive to de sign electronics that can operate in a \"stand-alone\" operating mode without the need for an enclosure, but many applications still have a need for enclosure pro tection. Shielding problems arise because insufficient analysis is given to anticipating potential conducted and radiated interference that can be generated within the equipment or from an external source when the unit is in its operating environment, so EMI/RFI shielding is unjustly labeled as a \"black box\" art. The ultimate solution is to create a closer coordinating effect among the electrical materials and mechanical designers to maintain the functional operation for which the unit is intended and maintain equipment integrity within its surrounding environment.","PeriodicalId":377995,"journal":{"name":"1978 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1978-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128739118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Wide-Band High Performance Very Flexible Coaxial Cable Shield","authors":"Y. Shiau, J. Bridges, G. Sellers","doi":"10.1109/ISEMC.1978.7566846","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISEMC.1978.7566846","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":377995,"journal":{"name":"1978 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1978-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125264371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}