The Royal Society of Chemistry最新文献

{"title":"Shaking Table Experimental Programme","authors":"L. Dihoru, A. Crewe, Colin A. Taylor, T. J. Horgan","doi":"10.1039/9781849735179-00091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/9781849735179-00091","url":null,"abstract":"The graphite components in AGR cores are subject to degradation processes that are predicted to lead to greater numbers of weakened and cracked components. The reactor core models used to assess the tolerability of the cores to seismic events need to represent higher levels of degradation. A shaking table programme has commenced, with the primary goal to provide experimental validation of the existing AGR core models. This paper presents the proposed rig work with main aspects of physical model design, rig manufacturing and dynamic testing being addressed. The candidate instrumentation systems and the relevant rig outputs are also described.","PeriodicalId":377825,"journal":{"name":"The Royal Society of Chemistry","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129459762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biopolymer Microgel Suspension Rheology as a Function of Particle Modulus and Effective Phase Volume","authors":"H. M. Shewan, J. Stokes","doi":"10.1039/9781849734554-00165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/9781849734554-00165","url":null,"abstract":"Nano and micro gel particles are emerging as smart biomaterials for pharmaceutical and food products due to their potential for influencing product structural and textural characterisitics as well as their ability to encapsulate and release active species. They also act as an excellent model for a wide range of soft matter systems as they are well defined and their physical properties can be easily modified. In many emerging applications, microgels are confined to thin films where they interact with bio-surfaces and bio-fluids under shear. Characterisation of biopolymer microgel suspension rheology has been limited hence the aim of this work is to elucidate this behaviour in relation to the structure-property relationship and fluid-surface interactions using multi-scale rheological techniques. The polysaccharide agarose was chosen as a model system as it is biocompatible, neutral and has potential for functionalisation. Microgel particles below 20μm in size were produced following an emulsion-gelation route1. The microgel modulus was altered by varying agarose concentration and/or entraining air, and suspensions made at a range of microgel concentrations. Parallel plates were used to measure rheology in bulk and also at narrow gaps using the novel approach suggested by Davies and Stokes2. The rheological response of microgel suspensions is dependent on the particle modulus, phase volume and interaction potential that typically depends on solution conditions (e.g. pH). Decreasing particle modulus results in an increase in maximum packing fraction (Фm) and at low phase volume results in greater deviation from hard sphere behaviour. Above Фm, suspensions exhibit solid-like behaviour (G’>G’’) and display an apparent yield stress; these properties also show a strong dependence on particle modulus. Confinement leads to solid-like behaviour despite the bulk concentration being below Фm and causes slip due to depletion; we explore both of these phenomena in relation to particle modulus. Future work will also determine how particle depletion/adhesion, surface functionalisation and interaction with surfaces and fluids affect this behaviour.","PeriodicalId":377825,"journal":{"name":"The Royal Society of Chemistry","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122356396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chapter 7.2:Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging applied to Microviscosity Mapping and Fluorescence Modification Studies in Cells","authors":"K. Suhling, N. Cade, J. Levitt, M. Kuimova, P. Chung, G. Yahioglu, G. Fruhwirth, T. Ng, D. Richards","doi":"10.1039/9781849732918-00371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/9781849732918-00371","url":null,"abstract":"Fluorescence lifetime imaging (FLIM) is a key optical technique for imaging the photophysical environment of fluorescent probes in vivo. In addition, it also provides information in fluorescence enhancement studies that intensity imaging alone could not provide. We review the principles and recent advances in the application of the techniques, instrumentation and molecular probe development.","PeriodicalId":377825,"journal":{"name":"The Royal Society of Chemistry","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131307285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"NMR-based Metabonomics Approaches for the Assessment of the Metabolic Impact of Dietary Polyphenols on Humans","authors":"M. Guðjónsdóttir, P. Belton, G. Webb","doi":"10.1039/9781847559494-00020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/9781847559494-00020","url":null,"abstract":"Dietary polyphenols, as present in for example tea, fruit and vegetables, are associated with several beneficial health effects. Most evidence is still based on epidemiological studies. So far, most nutritional intervention studies on dietary polyphenols are directly focused on pre-identified markers for intake, typically intact polyphenols and/or their conjugates. In recent years the role of colonic microbiota as a metabolically versatile biological digester of polyphenols has been recognized. Due to the sheer complexity of the polyphenol bioconversion by gut bacteria, and the further metabolism in human tissues, conventional targeted approaches are not adequate. Metabonomics is now taking a firm position within nutritional research, since it can provide evidence on metabolic effects of nutritional interventions in a non-biased and comprehensive manner. Dietary interventions have relatively small effects, however, compared to the large metabolic variations associated with lifestyle, gender and genotypes. In order to handle these multiple sources of variation, we tightly integrated design of intervention trials, metabolic profiling by NMR and multi-variate data-analysis techniques. The dietary interventions involved both long (4 weeks) term intake of grape/wine extracts and green/black tea, as well as single bolus doses of a grape/wine extract and black tea. NMR profiling (at 600 MHz) was able to detect a range of phenolic acids as predominant bioconverted polyphenolic products in urine in the tens of M to the mM concentration range. Different polyphenol sources (grape/wine, green/black tea) produced different patterns of phenolic acids. Furthermore, single bolus dosing allowed detailed analysis of gut bioconversion kinetics of polyphenols. The inter-individual variation in gut microbial bioconversion kinetics was large and may be attributed to differences in microbial diversity between the different subjects.","PeriodicalId":377825,"journal":{"name":"The Royal Society of Chemistry","volume":"111 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121550790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quadruplex nucleic acids.","authors":"S. Neidle, S. Balasubramanian","doi":"10.1039/9781847555298","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/9781847555298","url":null,"abstract":"Fundamentals of Quadruplex Structures Stephen Neidle and Shankar Balasubramanian Energetics, Kinetics and Dynamics of Quadruplex Folding Structural Diversity of G-Quadruplex Scaffolds The Role of Cations in Determining Quadruplex Structure and Stability DNA Quadruplex-Ligand Recognition: Structure and Dynamics Quadruplex Ligand Recognition: Biological Aspects Quadruplexes and Gene Regulation Quadruplexes in the Genome Quadruplexes and the Biology of G-Rich Genomic Regions The G-Quartet in Supramolecular Chemistry and Nanoscience","PeriodicalId":377825,"journal":{"name":"The Royal Society of Chemistry","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122820600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coupled HPLC-ICP-MS analysis indicates highly hazardous concentrations of dissolved arsenic species in Cambodian groundwaters","authors":"G. Holland, S. Tanner, D. Polya, A. Gault, N. Bourne, P. Lythgoe, D. Cooke","doi":"10.1039/9781847551689-00127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/9781847551689-00127","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":377825,"journal":{"name":"The Royal Society of Chemistry","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115141064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determining the yield stress of xanthan solutions via droplet rise experiments.","authors":"Peter A. Williams, G. Phillips, H. Mielke, D. Dunstan","doi":"10.1039/9781847551016-00120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/9781847551016-00120","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":377825,"journal":{"name":"The Royal Society of Chemistry","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122538748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Collective excitation dynamics in molecular aggregates: Exciton relaxation, self-trapping and polaron formation.","authors":"Mats G Dahlbom, W. Beenken, T. Pullerits, V. Sundström","doi":"10.1039/9781847550255-00118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/9781847550255-00118","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":377825,"journal":{"name":"The Royal Society of Chemistry","volume":"787 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117033268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Starch structure/function relationships: Achievements and challenges","authors":"T. Barsby, A. Donald, P. Frazier, M. Gidley","doi":"10.1039/9781847551917-00001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/9781847551917-00001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":377825,"journal":{"name":"The Royal Society of Chemistry","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130848885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of disposable immunosensors for the rapid assay of seafood toxins","authors":"L. Micheli, D. Moscone, S. Marini, S. D. Stefano, G. Palleschi","doi":"10.1039/9781847551818-00190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/9781847551818-00190","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":377825,"journal":{"name":"The Royal Society of Chemistry","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115557905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}