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A Method to Measure the Characteristics of Biological Materials at Millimeter Waves 一种毫米波下生物材料特性测量方法
1976 6th European Microwave Conference Pub Date : 1976-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/EUMA.1976.332258
M. Spalla, C. Tamburello, L. Zanforlin
{"title":"A Method to Measure the Characteristics of Biological Materials at Millimeter Waves","authors":"M. Spalla, C. Tamburello, L. Zanforlin","doi":"10.1109/EUMA.1976.332258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EUMA.1976.332258","url":null,"abstract":"A new method of biological sample characterization at millimeter waves has been studied to verify and extend Webb's experimental results. This method, based on interferometric measurements, is suitable to obtain an absorption spectrum of a living bacterial sediment with a high sensitivity. It has been applied in the frequency range 66-73 GHz. Some experimental results are reported.","PeriodicalId":377507,"journal":{"name":"1976 6th European Microwave Conference","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1976-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128221439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Amplitude and Phase Characteristics of Microwave Solid State Amplifiers for Phased Array Antenna Service 相控阵天线用微波固态放大器的幅相特性
1976 6th European Microwave Conference Pub Date : 1976-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/EUMA.1976.332291
D. Griffin
{"title":"Amplitude and Phase Characteristics of Microwave Solid State Amplifiers for Phased Array Antenna Service","authors":"D. Griffin","doi":"10.1109/EUMA.1976.332291","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EUMA.1976.332291","url":null,"abstract":"The amplitude and phase of the fundamental and its harmonics at the output of various microwave solid state amplifiers have been measured as a function of load mismatch. Results are obtained for load impedances that lie on a selected series of VSWR circles on a Smith Chart and are presented as equi-power and equi-phase contours in the overall region of load variation. L-and S-band bipolar transistor modules designed for phased array antenna service and various experimental S-band TRAPATT amplifiers have been evaluated. The results are relevant to regulations on permissible radar emissions being drafted in the U.S.A.","PeriodicalId":377507,"journal":{"name":"1976 6th European Microwave Conference","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1976-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124420150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Spherical Near-Field Far-Field Techniques 球面近场远场技术
1976 6th European Microwave Conference Pub Date : 1976-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/EUMA.1976.332254
F. Jensen, F. Larsen
{"title":"Spherical Near-Field Far-Field Techniques","authors":"F. Jensen, F. Larsen","doi":"10.1109/EUMA.1976.332254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EUMA.1976.332254","url":null,"abstract":"Spherical wave expansions are well suited to transform measured near-field data of an antenna to far-field data. In this paper a comparison between techniques for obtaining spherical wave expansions from near-field measurements is presented. The techniques are compared with respect to requirements on measuring time, computer storage, computer time and disk storage. It is concluded that the iterative method, Ludwig [2], and the Fourier expansion method, Wacker [5], offer nearly the same upper limit of the size of the antenna under test. Further, it is found that the iterative method requires a higher number of measuring points.","PeriodicalId":377507,"journal":{"name":"1976 6th European Microwave Conference","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1976-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132722533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Measurements of 0.915, 2.45 and 9.0 GHz Absorption in the Human Eye 人眼中0.915、2.45和9.0 GHz吸收的测量
1976 6th European Microwave Conference Pub Date : 1976-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/EUMA.1976.332257
L. Paulsson
{"title":"Measurements of 0.915, 2.45 and 9.0 GHz Absorption in the Human Eye","authors":"L. Paulsson","doi":"10.1109/EUMA.1976.332257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EUMA.1976.332257","url":null,"abstract":"The absorption of microwave power on the axis of the eye was measured at 0.915, 2.45 and 9.0 GHz on a model of a human head. The absorbed power shows an essentially exponential decrease with the distance from the cornea at 9.0 GHz. At 2.45 and 0.915 a maximum in the absorbed power pattern occurs within the eyeball. The peak values are 50-100% higher for protuberant eyes than for deeper lying eyes. This indicates that microwave workers with protuberant eyes may be more liable to microwave induced eye lesions than others.","PeriodicalId":377507,"journal":{"name":"1976 6th European Microwave Conference","volume":"182 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1976-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133303553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
A 14 GHz-Low Noise-Down-Converter with Sum and Image Rejection 一种14ghz低噪声和图像抑制转换器
1976 6th European Microwave Conference Pub Date : 1976-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/EUMA.1976.332356
D. Dobramysl
{"title":"A 14 GHz-Low Noise-Down-Converter with Sum and Image Rejection","authors":"D. Dobramysl","doi":"10.1109/EUMA.1976.332356","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EUMA.1976.332356","url":null,"abstract":"The design and the experimental performance of a single-ended waveguide-mixer operating at a signal frequency of 14 GHz - 14.5 GHz and an IF of 3.7 GHz to 4.2 GHz is reported. The conversion loss over the IF bandwidth of 500 MHz was < 3.5 dB. The optimum load impedance for the mixer diode at the sum frequency is provided by a bandstop-filter, whereas at the image-frequency band the cut-off property of the waveguide is used. Also the theory of the mixing process of a Z and Y mixer is given. A computer analysis of the influence of the diode series resistance and junction capacitance on the conversion loss is presented.","PeriodicalId":377507,"journal":{"name":"1976 6th European Microwave Conference","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1976-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130267559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Detection of CPSK Signals in Nonlinear Receivers with Timing and Phase Jitter 时序和相位抖动非线性接收机中CPSK信号的检测
1976 6th European Microwave Conference Pub Date : 1976-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/EUMA.1976.332319
S. Benedetto, E. Biglieri
{"title":"Detection of CPSK Signals in Nonlinear Receivers with Timing and Phase Jitter","authors":"S. Benedetto, E. Biglieri","doi":"10.1109/EUMA.1976.332319","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EUMA.1976.332319","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes a technique for evaluating the performance of a PSK system when besides the effects of intersymbol interference and Gaussian noise we must consider a receiver including a nonlinear device and circuits for the recovery of sampling instant and carrier phase. This method allows one to compute the error rate in this most general situation when the combined effects of Gaussian noise. intersymbol interference and jitter in the carrier phase and timing recovery are taken into account.","PeriodicalId":377507,"journal":{"name":"1976 6th European Microwave Conference","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1976-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116472519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Low-Noise Receiver for 80 GHz 80ghz低噪声接收机
1976 6th European Microwave Conference Pub Date : 1976-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/EUMA.1976.332355
B. Vowinkel, W. Reinert, K. Gebler
{"title":"A Low-Noise Receiver for 80 GHz","authors":"B. Vowinkel, W. Reinert, K. Gebler","doi":"10.1109/EUMA.1976.332355","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EUMA.1976.332355","url":null,"abstract":"A description of a mixer-receiver designed to operate at 80 GHz with an intermediate frequency of 2.7 GHz is given. An uncooled parametric amplifier is used for IF-amplification. The local oscillator injection is realized by a low-loss ring cavity directional filter. In single-sideband operation a cutoff filter is used for image recovery. The total noise figure of the receiver is 6.9 dB in single-sideband operation and 5.3 dB in double-sideband operation. The system was successfully used on the 13.7 m dish of the TU Helsinki for radioastronomical observations.","PeriodicalId":377507,"journal":{"name":"1976 6th European Microwave Conference","volume":"115 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1976-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115940885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Wideband Measurement of Millimeter Circuits for Varactors and Impatts 变容管和冲击器毫米波电路的宽带测量
1976 6th European Microwave Conference Pub Date : 1976-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/EUMA.1976.332271
G. Cachier, J. Stevance, J. L. Vaterkowski, D.C. Dejaeger
{"title":"Wideband Measurement of Millimeter Circuits for Varactors and Impatts","authors":"G. Cachier, J. Stevance, J. L. Vaterkowski, D.C. Dejaeger","doi":"10.1109/EUMA.1976.332271","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EUMA.1976.332271","url":null,"abstract":"We propose to measure the impedance of a millimeter IMPATT circuit by using a modulated microwave signal source -or a signal with two frequency components. The diode is biased below its breakdown voltage, and it is used both as a tuning capacitance and as a demodulator for the high frequency current flowing through it. This method enables to measure the circuit impedance and losses without dismounting the diode. It is capable of wideband operation even with frequency selective circuits.","PeriodicalId":377507,"journal":{"name":"1976 6th European Microwave Conference","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1976-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130325814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Distortion Characteristics of Injection Locked Gunn and Impatt Diode Oscillators 注入锁模和冲击二极管振荡器的畸变特性
1976 6th European Microwave Conference Pub Date : 1976-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/EUMA.1976.332290
T. Berceli
{"title":"Distortion Characteristics of Injection Locked Gunn and Impatt Diode Oscillators","authors":"T. Berceli","doi":"10.1109/EUMA.1976.332290","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EUMA.1976.332290","url":null,"abstract":"The distortion characteristics of injection locked Gunn and Impatt diode oscillators are investigated both theoretically and experimentally. For FM signal transmission, the distortion is determined mostly by the derivated characteristics: group delay, AM-to-PM conversion and AM compression. Due to nonlinearity of diode susceptance, the group delay and AM-to-PM conversion characteristics are unsymmetrical. At the lower frequency end of the locking range, the distortion is rather high. Minimum distortion is obtained at a frequency higher than the band center. With the same output power, the distortion of an injection locked oscillator is smaller than that of a stable amplifier.","PeriodicalId":377507,"journal":{"name":"1976 6th European Microwave Conference","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1976-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130414371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
11 and 15 GHz PCM Radio-Relay Systems 11和15 GHz PCM无线电中继系统
1976 6th European Microwave Conference Pub Date : 1976-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/EUMA.1976.332317
Kohei Nishino, Akira Hosoda, Shoji Kubo, T. Mukai
{"title":"11 and 15 GHz PCM Radio-Relay Systems","authors":"Kohei Nishino, Akira Hosoda, Shoji Kubo, T. Mukai","doi":"10.1109/EUMA.1976.332317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EUMA.1976.332317","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes the 11 GHz and 15 GHz PCM radio relay systems, capable of conveying 65 Mb/s per radio channel, developed by Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Public Corporation NTT). The system employs 4-phase digital modulation and coherent detection. Radio equipment is fully solid-stated, using IMPATT diodes in the power amplifier. They are mainly. used for transmission circuits between telephone offices in large cities and for short haul transmission. The test results showed that compatible operation between 65 Mb/s PCM system and 2700 CH FDM-FM systems is possible, using the existing 11 and 15 GHz FDM-FM system frequency arrangement. These systems are now in use in 40 stations in Japan.","PeriodicalId":377507,"journal":{"name":"1976 6th European Microwave Conference","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1976-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132537109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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