Annals of Silvicultural Research最新文献

{"title":"A further step forward","authors":"P. Corona","doi":"10.12899/asr-1351","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12899/asr-1351","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37733,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Silvicultural Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46195156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of potting mixture on the growth of seedlings of Entandrophragma cylindricum (SPRAGUE) and Tamarindus the Growth of Seedlings of Entandrophragma cylindricum (SPRAGUE) and Tamarindus indica L","authors":"F. N. Ogana, E. Aigbedion, W. W. Modugu","doi":"10.12899/ASR-1313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12899/ASR-1313","url":null,"abstract":"The study describes the effects of biochar and NPK fertilizer on Entandrophragma cylindricum and Tamarindus indica seedlings in the nursery of the Department of Forestry and Wildlife, University of Benin, with a view to evaluating the seedling growth response to the quantity of biochar and the level of fertilizer applied. The potting mixtures used were soil only which is the control, mixture of soil and biochar, mixture of soil, biochar and fertilizer, mixture of soil and fertilizer. The seeds of Entandrophragma cylindricum and Tamarindus indica were sourced for and planted. Transplanting was carried out for germinated seeds until the required number of seedlings needed for the experiment was obtained. Measurements were taken at one week interval. Seedlings were evaluated for ten weeks for different growth variables. The experiment was a completely randomized design. Result indicates that there was no significant difference in the growth variables except for stem height of Entandrophragma cylindricum at 5% level. Although, there were marginal differences in the growth variables recorded. Other silvicultural practices that would promote the growth of Entandrophragma and Tamarindus should be considered. Few problems were encountered especially those of insect and pest infestation.","PeriodicalId":37733,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Silvicultural Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44766423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tree-oriented silviculture for growing valuable broadleaved tree species in Turkey oak coppices","authors":"D. Giuliarelli, A. Alivernini, P. Corona, Elena Mingarelli, F. Pelleri, F. Chianucci","doi":"10.12899/asr-1198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12899/asr-1198","url":null,"abstract":"Valuable broadleaved tree species can play an important role in mixed-forest management; in these forests, silviculture may play an important role in getting high value timber. This paper illustrates a tree-oriented silviculture approach with an application in a Turkey oak coppice stand in Central Italy. This silvicultural approach has been developed in the last decades in France, Germany, Switzerland. The rationale behind the tree-oriented approach is to select a number of target sporadic tree species with valuable timber and to support their growth through repeated thinning from above. We tested the effectiveness of this silviculture approach as an alternative to customary coppice management in Italy, which is traditionally focused on the dominant tree species and does not consider valuable broadleaved tree species. The two silviculture approaches (tree-oriented and customary coppicing) were compared through a financial evaluation of the economic convenience of the two alternatives in a Turkey oak coppice stand in Central Italy","PeriodicalId":37733,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Silvicultural Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66121004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coppice forests, or the changeable aspect of things, a review","authors":"G. Fabbio","doi":"10.12899/ASR-1286","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12899/ASR-1286","url":null,"abstract":"Coppiced forests were the main source of firewood, brushwood, and charcoal for rural and urban settlements’ basic needs such as cooking food and domestic heating for thousands of years and up to the mid-20 th century in many European countries and, specifically, in Mediterranean countries. The global diffusion of fossil fuels reduced this leadership and the coppice system turned, to some extent, to a reminder of the past. Nowadays, the ongoing global changes and the related green-economy issues call for resilient systems and effective bio-energy producers. These issues have caused a second turning point and the coppice has returned fifty years later to play a role. A review of the silvicultural system has been carried out with a special focus on the changes which have occurred in between, taking Italy as a consistent case-study. The analysis is mainly framed upon the long-term research trials established by the CREA-Forestry Research Centre in the late sixties, to find out adaptive management strategies and overcome the system’s crisis. The findings and further knowledge achieved so far on the dynamics and functioning of coppice forests in the outgrown phase, both as natural evolutive patterns and silviculture-driven processes, are highlighted in this paper. They provide useful tools to handle the management shift regarding forthcoming issues, i.e. the current role attributable to the coppice system within the changing environment and the renewable energy demand. The basic features of each management area and their complementarities within the current framework are outlined.","PeriodicalId":37733,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Silvicultural Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66120829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of innovative groundcovers in Mediterranean afforestations: aerial and belowground effects in hybrid walnut.","authors":"Angelo Vitone, J. Coello, M. Piqué, P. Rovira","doi":"10.12899/ASR-1195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12899/ASR-1195","url":null,"abstract":"Forest restoration in the Mediterranean area is particularly limited by water scarcity in summer and by weed competition, especially during the first years after establishment. The negative impact of these factors can be mitigated through environmentally friendly and cost-effective techniques which favour root development. This study describes the results of innovative weeding techniques in a reforestation carried out in a former agricultural field in Solsona, NE Spain, under Continental Mediterranean Sub-humid climate conditions. The tested weeding techniques included both novel groundcovers (based on prototypes built on a new biodegradable biopolymer, jute treated with resin and recycled rubber) and reference techniques, i.e. herbicide application and polyethylene and commercial biofilm groundcovers. We studied the response of hybrid walnut ( Juglans x intermedia ) to the application of these techniques during the first vegetative period in terms of survival, aerial growth and aboveground and belowground biomass allocation. The innovative groundcovers resulted generally in similar outcomes as the reference techniques with regard to tree survival and growth, and to better results in the case of belowground and, to a lesser extent, total tree biomass. Although preliminary, our results suggest that the tested novel groundcovers, notably the model based on treated jute, represent a promising alternative to plastic mulching and herbicide application in afforestation of agricultural lands in Mediterranean continental conditions. Besides these promising productive results, the novel groundcovers bring together relevant technical and environmental benefits, related to their use (not requiring removal or being reusable) and composition, based on biodegradable or recycled materials.","PeriodicalId":37733,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Silvicultural Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66120836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors affecting branch wound occlusion and associated decay following pruning – a case study with wild cherry (Prunus avium L.)","authors":"Jonathan P. Sheppard, Matthias Urmes, Christopher Morhart, H. Spiecker","doi":"10.12899/ASR-1193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12899/ASR-1193","url":null,"abstract":"Pruning wild cherry ( Prunus avium L.) is a common silvicultural practice carried out to produce valuable timber at a veneer wood quality. Sub-optimal pruning treatments can permit un-occluded pruning wounds to develop devaluing decay. The aim of this study is to determine relevant branch, tree and pruning characteristics affecting the occlusion process of pruning wounds. Important factors influencing occlusion time for an optimised pruning treatment for valuable timber production utilising wild cherry are derived. 85 artificially pruned branches originating from ten wild cherry trees were retrospectively analysed. Branch stub length, branch diameter and radial stem increment during occlusion were found to be significant predictors for occlusion time. From the results it could be concluded that for the long term success of artificial pruning of wild cherry it is crucial to ( i ) keep branch stubs short (while avoiding damage to the branch collar), ( ii ) to enable the tree to maintain significant radial growth after pruning, ( iii ) to avoid large pruning wounds (>2.5 cm) by removing steeply angled and fast growing branches at an early stage.","PeriodicalId":37733,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Silvicultural Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66120788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Volume function for the tree farming English oak plantations of the Valdarno (Tuscany, Italy)","authors":"M. Marchi, S. Ravagni, F. Pelleri","doi":"10.12899/ASR-1079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12899/ASR-1079","url":null,"abstract":"In the past centuries a notable reduction of lowland forest s in Italy was detected as a result of the spreading of intensive agriculture and deforestation activities . According to the national forest inventory (IN F C 2005 ) the English oak ( Quercus robur L.) is mainly a scattered species and is distributed across 146,000 hectares of mixed forests. However th is species has often been used in many national programs to recreate new woodland s in the lowland s as well as tree farming plantations. In the '80s, d uring the restoration program of the Santa Barbara mining area in the Municipality of Cavriglia ( Valdarno, Tuscany), about 172 hectares of tree farming plantation s were created with English oak . Due to the lack of a specific volume equation for Italian plantations a sampling campaign was carried out. The volume of 299 sample tree s was measured using the Heyer formula and a v olume equation was studied as a polynomial function of DBH and total height of trees . The final equation demonstrated to be quite robust with a RMSE of 0.0176 m 3 corresponding to a relative RMSE of 10%.","PeriodicalId":37733,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Silvicultural Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66120485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term development of experimental mixtures of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and silver birch (Betula pendula Roth.) in northern Britain","authors":"B. Mason, T. Connolly","doi":"10.12899/ASR-1119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12899/ASR-1119","url":null,"abstract":"The Caledonian pinewoods of northern Scotland are a priority conservation habitat in Europe which are dominated by Scots pine ( Pinus sylvestris) , but varying proportions of a number of broadleaved species such as silver birch ( Betula pendula) can occur in these forests. Better understanding of the dynamics of mixed Scots pine-birch stands would be helpful in informing current initiatives to restore and increase the area of the pinewood ecosystem. Some evidence is provided by two experiments established in the 1960s which compared plots of pure Scots pine and pure birch with two treatments where the two species were mixed in 3:1 and 1:1 ratios. Some fifty years later, Scots pine was the more vigorous of the two species in these experiments, being both taller and significantly larger in diameter. The highest basal area was generally found in the pure Scots pine plots and the values in the mixed plots tended to be intermediate between those of the two component species. Examination of the growth in the mixed plots showed a slight, but non-significant, tendency towards overyielding. This appeared to be due to Scots pine growth being better than predicted, while that of birch was slightly less than predicted. These results suggest that in these mixtures, which are composed of two light demanding species, the main mechanism driving long-term performance is competition for light and there is little evidence of any complementary effect. These results suggest that any strategy seeking to increase the long-term representation of broadleaves such as birch in the Caledonian pinewoods will need to create discrete blocks that are large enough to withstand the competitive pressures exerted by the pine.","PeriodicalId":37733,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Silvicultural Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66120533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Forest-food nexus: a topical opportunity for human well-being and silviculture","authors":"P. Corona, A. Cutini, U. Chiavetta, E. Paoletti","doi":"10.12899/ASR-1181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12899/ASR-1181","url":null,"abstract":"As population will reach over 9 billion by 2050, interest in the forest-food nexus is rising. Forests play an important role in food production and nutrition. Forests can provide nutritionally-balanced diets, woodfuel for cooking and a broad set of ecosystem services. A large body of evidence recommends multi-functional and integrated landscape approaches to reimagine forestry and agriculture systems. Here, after a commented discussion of the literature produced in the last decade about the role for forests with respect to the food security global emergency, we summarize the state of the art in Italy as a representative country-case-study. The aim is to increase awareness about the potential of silviculture in Italy for combining ecological resilience with economic resilience, and reducing the pressure over tropical and sub-tropical forests by means of a sustainable intensification of forest management at national level. Although a quantification of the Italian non-wood forest products is difficult, the potential of this sector for the Italian bioeconomy is relatively high. Italy is among the four top European exporters of cork stoppers, is one of the three top countries for chestnut seed processing, and is among the leading exporters of wild mushroom, while it is the only European country among the top five global importers of tannins. In order to develop this sector for the food industry, more research is needed on non-wood forest products, the scale of production, emerging markets, marketing and production innovation. On the other hand, chain-supply fragmentation, landowner inertia, and lack of governance and cooperation may hamper an effective exploitation of non-wood products. A renewed joint impulse for exploitation of wood and non-wood products may come from a sustainable intensification of forest management. The strategies to guarantee an effective supply of non-wood products require appropriate business skills and the presence of a structured business services. A transparent market is also essential. Therefore, the introduction of standards (like those by forest certification schemes) is very important. They can add value to products and emphasize the importance and complexity of the forest sector. However, the implementation of sustainable forest management for an effective supply of non-wood products is affected by the availability of appropriate planning tools, and the public officers need a new mindset to stimulate and support business capacity of forest owners.","PeriodicalId":37733,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Silvicultural Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66121155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Indicators of sustainable forest management: application and assessment","authors":"E. D’Andrea, F. Ferretti, L. Zapponi, D. Badano, Rosario Balestrieri, M. Basile, C. Becagli, Giada Bertini, Pierangelo Bertollotto, D. Birtele, L. Calienno, M. Cammarano, P. Cantiani, M. Cater, U. Chiavetta, L. Cistrone, V. Coletta, M. Conforti, Serena Corezzola, Andrea Costa, M. Groot, U. D. Salvatore, K. Eler, G. Fabbio, M. Ferlan, Andreja Ferreira, Alessandro Giovannozzi Sermanno, M. Jurc, M. Kobal, A. Kobler, M. Kovac, L. Kutnar, A. Monaco, F. Lombardi, E. Magnani, A. Marinšek, F. Mason, G. Matteucci, G. Meterc, M. Micali, G. Pellicone, R. Picchio, Špela Planinšek, M. Posillico, N. Rezaei, A. Romano, D. Sansone, F. Sicuriello, P. Simončič, M. Skudnik, R. Spina, D. Tonti, R. Venanzi","doi":"10.12899/ASR-1214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12899/ASR-1214","url":null,"abstract":"Implementing forest management options for the Life project ManFor C.BD. Description of the test areas .......................................................................................................................... 40 Di Salvatore U., Becagli C., Bertini G., Cantiani P., Chiavetta U., Fabbio G., Ferretti F., Kobal M. , Kobler A., Kovač M. , Kutnar L., Sansone D., Skudnik M., Simončič P.","PeriodicalId":37733,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Silvicultural Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66120745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}