IxD&APub Date : 2021-12-20DOI: 10.55612/s-5002-051-007
Natalia Pérez-Orrego, John Arango-Flórez, Claudia Fernandez-Silva, Juan David Mira-Duque
{"title":"Be provoking. Schooling critical and speculative designers","authors":"Natalia Pérez-Orrego, John Arango-Flórez, Claudia Fernandez-Silva, Juan David Mira-Duque","doi":"10.55612/s-5002-051-007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55612/s-5002-051-007","url":null,"abstract":"Designing the provocation is a powerful strategy to jump from denouncing to generating actions and behaviors of a critical and speculative nature in design students. This article presents the discursive character of critical design function through three guidelines for provocation design: intellectual risk, generative challenge, and embodied futures, based on the philosophical concept of experience as an act of knowledge. Those are discussed on three classroom experiences in clothing design, architecture, and industrial design in Medellín, Colombia, showing possibilities and challenges for critical and speculative design schooling as well as bringing teachers and students closer to new ways of interacting with social problems in the context of Latin America.","PeriodicalId":377274,"journal":{"name":"IxD&A","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123743490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
IxD&APub Date : 2021-12-20DOI: 10.55612/s-5002-051-010
Sumita Sharma, Heidi Hartikainen, Leena Ventä-Olkkonen, N. Iivari, G. Eden, Essi Kinnunen, Jenni Holappa, Marianne Kinnula, Tonja Molin-Juustila, J. Okkonen, Sirkku Kotilainen, O. Iversen, Rocío Fatás Arana
{"title":"In Pursuit of Inclusive and Diverse Digital Futures: Exploring the Potential of Design Fiction in Education of Children","authors":"Sumita Sharma, Heidi Hartikainen, Leena Ventä-Olkkonen, N. Iivari, G. Eden, Essi Kinnunen, Jenni Holappa, Marianne Kinnula, Tonja Molin-Juustila, J. Okkonen, Sirkku Kotilainen, O. Iversen, Rocío Fatás Arana","doi":"10.55612/s-5002-051-010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55612/s-5002-051-010","url":null,"abstract":"2020 marks the beginning of a new era as the pandemic catapulted us into new digital and virtual ways of everyday life. As the world changes, we reimagine empowering, equitable, accessible, diverse, and inclusive digital futures, through a series of projects and workshops with a diverse set of participants - children in schools and Child Computer Interaction researchers. We conducted one long-term project with two schools in Finland and two one-day workshops with an international set of participants. Through an analysis of participants’ experiences and outcomes in the project and workshops, we build a case for diversity and inclusionthrough design fiction in the context of children’s education. In addition, through an analysis of the process we as researchers took for developing the project and workshops, we showcase the support of diversity and inclusion in design fiction.","PeriodicalId":377274,"journal":{"name":"IxD&A","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131110272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
IxD&APub Date : 2021-09-20DOI: 10.55612/s-5002-050-006
M. Tomitsch, Joel Fredericks, Dan Vo, J. Frawley, M. Foth
{"title":"Non-human Personas. Including Nature in the Participatory Design of Smart Cities","authors":"M. Tomitsch, Joel Fredericks, Dan Vo, J. Frawley, M. Foth","doi":"10.55612/s-5002-050-006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55612/s-5002-050-006","url":null,"abstract":"For the past decades humans have been placed at the centre of designing information and communication technologies (ICT), leading to the rise in prominence of human-centred design. The field of smart cities has equally adopted notions of citizen participation as a way to ensure that technological solutions improve people’s livelihoods. However, these kinds of processes treat the urban environment as separate from nature, promoting human comfort and convenience over planetary health and wellbeing. Motivated by these growing concerns that highlight the urgency to reconsider how we define and practice participation in smart cities and in human-centred ICT solutions more broadly, this article assesses how the personas method can be adapted to include more-than-human perspectives in the design process. Based on a case study, which involved designing smart urban furniture for human and non-human use, we introduce a framework for developing and employing non-human personas. As a key element of the framework, we describe a middle-out approach for forming a coalition that can speak on behalf of the non-human species that are impacted by design decisions. We demonstrate how the framework can be used through its retrospective application on two research-led smart city projects. The article concludes with a discussion of key principles for creating and using non-human personas in design projects.","PeriodicalId":377274,"journal":{"name":"IxD&A","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127808980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
IxD&APub Date : 2021-09-10DOI: 10.55612/s-5002-049-008
Elisabeth Rolf, Ola Knutsson, R. Ramberg
{"title":"Teachers' Design Processes: An Analysis of Teachers' Design Talk and Use of Pedagogical Patterns","authors":"Elisabeth Rolf, Ola Knutsson, R. Ramberg","doi":"10.55612/s-5002-049-008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55612/s-5002-049-008","url":null,"abstract":"Research on how teachers design to support learning and how teachers use different learning designs is still in its infancy. The explorative study reported here aims to approach an understanding of how teachers design learning activities by analysing upper secondary teachers’ design work while using pedagogical patterns. Ten teachers working in pairs of two were invited to design and document learning activities based on pedagogical patterns. The findings reveal that (1) pedagogical patterns inspire teachers to embark on a design process that aligns with their own context, and (2) teachers’ design processes share common general design characteristics and are, among other things, different, dynamic, unpredictable, and unsystematic. It is concluded that knowledge about teachers’ design processes and the use of learning designs may inform researchers on how to develop design-supporting tools and resources.","PeriodicalId":377274,"journal":{"name":"IxD&A","volume":"78 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124107456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
IxD&APub Date : 2021-09-10DOI: 10.55612/s-5002-049-001
C. A. Peláez, Andrés Solano, T. Granollers
{"title":"Proposal to Conceive Multimedia Systems from a Value Creation Perspective and a Collaborative Work Routes Approach","authors":"C. A. Peláez, Andrés Solano, T. Granollers","doi":"10.55612/s-5002-049-001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55612/s-5002-049-001","url":null,"abstract":"Methodologies for the development of interactive multimedia systems traditionally apply the practices and lifecycles of user-centred design in conjunction with usability and accessibility practices guided by software engineering process models. This work contributes to the conception of multimedia systems through a new way of working using a set of work routes encouraging collaborative work. This new approach to conceive multimedia systems is centred on value creation and value-sensitive design, through a formal characterisation based on theoretical foundations. The results obtained from an evaluation of this definition, using a case study in an academic context, show that our scheme facilitates the conception and planning of factors such as the interactive multimedia experience and the responsible design of the solution.","PeriodicalId":377274,"journal":{"name":"IxD&A","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123071565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
IxD&APub Date : 2021-09-10DOI: 10.55612/s-5002-049-007
Gökçe Elif Baykal, O. Torgersson, E. Eriksson
{"title":"Designing for Children's Reflections in Collaborative Interaction Mediated by Technology: A Systematic Literature Review","authors":"Gökçe Elif Baykal, O. Torgersson, E. Eriksson","doi":"10.55612/s-5002-049-007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55612/s-5002-049-007","url":null,"abstract":"Reflection is an integral part of collaborative interaction. However, we know little about how to design for reflection in collaborative activities mediated by technologies. This systematic literature review focuses on children’s reflections within the collaborative practices in child-computer interaction research and investigates (1) the link between reflection and collaborative activities, (2) the types of collaborative technologies to scaffold reflection, and (3) the methodological approaches to analyze reflection. We searched the ACM Digital Library, Scopus and ProQuest which resulted in 141 papers that make the link between terms ‘reflection’ and ‘collaboration’ explicit, where only 13 of these involve children as the primary actors of reflection. The results show that this topic is increasingly gaining attention, however, the link between reflection and collaborative interaction remains underdeveloped. The contribution of this study is to provide a theoretical and methodological basis to understand, analyze and support children’s reflections within a collaborative activity through technology.","PeriodicalId":377274,"journal":{"name":"IxD&A","volume":"102 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121198285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
IxD&APub Date : 2021-09-10DOI: 10.55612/s-5002-049-003
J. Grigera, Juan Cruz Gardey, Alejandro Fernández, A. Garrido
{"title":"Tycho: Facilitation Support for Groupware User Tests","authors":"J. Grigera, Juan Cruz Gardey, Alejandro Fernández, A. Garrido","doi":"10.55612/s-5002-049-003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55612/s-5002-049-003","url":null,"abstract":"Running user tests for groupware requires tracking the progress of multiple users performing co-dependent tasks, while facilitating and observing their coordinated actions. This requirement negatively impacts the main objective of user testing, which is detecting usability flaws. User testing of groupware becomes more challenging when run remotely. Even if there are tools for remote user testing that can get the job done for a single user, they are not prepared for collaborative scenarios. In this paper we argue that tool support for the facilitation of user tests of groupware is missing. Consequently, we propose a method for user tests with tool assistance that makes it possible to automate task synchronization, especially for different workflows that must be run concurrently. We evaluated our proposal by comparing it to a manually facilitated approach during on-site coordinated user tests. The results indicate that, while the task of designing and running user tests with tool support takes more time, it allows the testers to better focus on detecting usability problems.","PeriodicalId":377274,"journal":{"name":"IxD&A","volume":"49 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133569532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
IxD&APub Date : 2021-09-10DOI: 10.55612/s-5002-049-004
Héctor Cardona Reyes, Cristian Trujillo-Espinoza, Carlos Arevalo-Mercado, J. M. Arteaga
{"title":"Training of Drone Pilots through Virtual Reality Environments under the Gamification Approach in a University Context","authors":"Héctor Cardona Reyes, Cristian Trujillo-Espinoza, Carlos Arevalo-Mercado, J. M. Arteaga","doi":"10.55612/s-5002-049-004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55612/s-5002-049-004","url":null,"abstract":"Drones have been characterized by their diverse applications in the fields of industry. Nowadays, their use in the context of education is becoming more and more frequent and their popularity has increased due to their affordable cost, variety according to the needs of each user. This implies that users with different capabilities, social and educational contexts need to acquire the necessary skills to pilot drones safely, considering the type of task to be performed and the specific drone. Taking into account these aspects, a gamification approach allows young people to work on their skills to solve real problems under a game mechanic in order to obtain better results. In urban environments, training with a real drone involves physical risks. Therefore, learning to fly drones through virtual reality environments can bring additional advantages, since it is not necessary to have a physical device and can be a fun alternative for learning and acquiring skills. For the creation of these virtual environments, it is important the collaborative work of various stakeholders, from software designers, experts in the handling of drones, and educators in order to provide environments focused on the needs of the user. This work presents design elements under a proposed model for the production of virtual reality environments focused on teaching drone piloting in simulated and real scenarios. The results obtained with the test cases of the proposed environments in a sample of higher education students are presented and the user experience is analyzed for further improvement.","PeriodicalId":377274,"journal":{"name":"IxD&A","volume":"85 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124867265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
IxD&APub Date : 2021-09-10DOI: 10.55612/s-5002-049-006
Sergio Firmenich, Alejandro Fernández, Rodolfo Gonzalez, G. Rossi
{"title":"Collaborative web extensions: a P2P approach","authors":"Sergio Firmenich, Alejandro Fernández, Rodolfo Gonzalez, G. Rossi","doi":"10.55612/s-5002-049-006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55612/s-5002-049-006","url":null,"abstract":"Web extensions are powerful software artifacts that allow end-users to adapt and enrich a website. These extensions run on the user's web browser as a single-user software that manipulates available third-party web contents. Many of them offer some collaborative features that depend on a web application. The need of two co-depending software artifacts (the web application as back-end and the web extensions as front-end) increases complexity, making the system harder to develop and maintain. In this paper we tackle this problem by proposing a P2P approach to build collaborative web extensions. The approach involves a middleware and a framework. On the one hand, the middleware serves to manage the resources offered by the browser so multiple P2P extensions can coexist. It ensures that the overall performance of the browser is not degraded by the collaborative web extension. On the other hand, the proposed framework is intended to allow developers without experience in P2P to create collaborative web extensions on top of the middleware. This paper discusses the main challenges of building P2P web extensions, presents the approach, and two case studies focused on the use of the framework for inexperienced developers.","PeriodicalId":377274,"journal":{"name":"IxD&A","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117351891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
IxD&APub Date : 2021-09-10DOI: 10.55612/s-5002-049-005
S. Felasari, C. Peng
{"title":"Collating a city's collective memory in co-production of an online urban design learning space","authors":"S. Felasari, C. Peng","doi":"10.55612/s-5002-049-005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55612/s-5002-049-005","url":null,"abstract":"Drawing on a city and collective memory as a theoretical framework for exploring how collating such memory into a Web-based 3D virtual city could initiate and sustain co-production of an online urban design learning space. Co-working with students and design tutors at the Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta, Indonesia, we conducted a “Yogyakarta Experiment” by constructing 3D virtual models of parts of central Yogyakarta as a virtual city platform for collating participants’ personal memories of the city lives and places. The experiment shows that the learners’ and tutors’ relationships with the city communities and environments were mediated through participation in collating the city’s collective memory into the 3D virtual city platform, resulting in the co-production of an online urban design learning space.","PeriodicalId":377274,"journal":{"name":"IxD&A","volume":"12 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120837704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}