South East European Journal of Immunology最新文献

{"title":"Evaluation of Plasma Levels of Interferon-Gamma, Interleukin-6, and Transforming Growth Factor-Beta in Under-Five Children with Malaria Parasitaemia","authors":"Emmanuel Ozioma Ezeokoli, G. Amilo, E. Izuchukwu, O. Afonne, O. Ezeanosike, C. Mbamalu, S. O. Onwe, Ogochukwu Mary Ezeokoli, G. Ugwu","doi":"10.3889/seejim.2023.6042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3889/seejim.2023.6042","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: The interaction between the pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines is known to play key roles in the immune response to infectious diseases. The pathogenesis of malaria parasitemia, including its progression to symptomatic manifestation, also seems to be strongly related to this interplay.\u0000AIM: The study evaluated the plasma levels of interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) and interleukin-6 (IL)-6, which are pro- inflammatory cytokines, and  transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β), which is an anti-inflammatory cytokine; in the 6–60 months age-group children, when infected with Plasmodium falciparum, to show their relevance in the development of immunity against malaria.\u0000METHODS: The study was a cross-sectional study involving children with uncomplicated malaria parasitemia. In the study, malaria parasitemia was confirmed by microscopy, using the Giemsa stain. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method was used to evaluate the plasma levels of IFN-γ, IL-6, and TGF-β in the under-five children infected with P. falciparum, and their counterparts who were not infected with the parasite.\u0000RESULTS: The median plasma IFN-γ, IL-6, and TGF-β levels in participants with malaria parasitemia were 225.15 pg/ mL, 123.31 pg/mL, and 2091.02 pg/mL, respectively. The difference in the plasma levels of TGF-β in the infected and uninfected participants was statistically significant with a p < 0.001.\u0000CONCLUSION: The findings in this work showed that malaria parasitemia in under-five children is associated with significant depression in the plasma level of TGF-β when compared to their uninfected counterparts.","PeriodicalId":377272,"journal":{"name":"South East European Journal of Immunology","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115273259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SARS-COV-2 Infection and Reproductive Capacity: What do we know after the Pandemic?","authors":"Devleta Balic","doi":"10.3889/seejim.2023.6046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3889/seejim.2023.6046","url":null,"abstract":"Whether and in what way the infection could affect reproductive capacity in the long- term is a question that preoccupies not only doctors but also patients. The SARS-COV-2 virus affected their function through angiotensin converting receptor-2 and other receptors that are present in the tissues of female and male reproductive organs. It was noticed that men suffering from the infection have a reduced number of spermatozoa in the acute phase of the disease as well as in convalescence. The level of testosterone also plays a role in the impact of infection, which explains the more severe forms of the disease in older men and those with hypogonadism. Infection with SARS-COV-2 affects women’s fertility through the direct impact of on ovarian function, sex hormone production, and endometrial receptivity, but also through the impact of stress that pandemic infection can cause by affecting the function of the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis. Speculations about the impact of the vaccine on the reproductive capacity of young women were the reason why a large number of young people did not opt for the vaccine. Menstrual disorders,  reduced sperm concentration, premature ovarian failure, erectile dysfunction, and anorgasmia are mentioned today as long-term effects of infection with the SARS-COV-2 virus. Despite numerous published studies on the impact of SARS-COV-2 on the reproductive function, it is still not possible to talk about the real long-term impact of the infection, but most of the data we have so far suggest that the impact of the infection was temporary except in rare cases.","PeriodicalId":377272,"journal":{"name":"South East European Journal of Immunology","volume":"298 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120970961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Topical Formulation Based on Arnebia euchroma as a Novel Possible Efficient Treatment on Epidermolysis Bullosa Lesions: A Case Series of Fourteen Patients","authors":"A. Abdollahi, Rouzbeh Kadkhodaee, A. Kazeminejad, L. Davoodi, Muhammadreza Oraee Karimi, A. Razavi, Sobhan Mohebbi Najmabad","doi":"10.3889/seejim.2023.6035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3889/seejim.2023.6035","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Epidermolysis bullosa (EB) is a skin fragility disorder that results in the disruption of the dermo-epidermal junction and painful blisters on the skin and mucous membranes. Currently, there is almost no definite treatment for EB patients.\u0000AIM: This study aims to assess the effect of topical formulation based on Arnebia euchroma (AE) on lesions induced by EB.\u0000MATERIALS AND METHODS: All patients with EB diseases treated with Hochobeh ointment (AE+Beewax+Olive oil) in 2022 at our dermatological clinic were included in the study. EB diseases were diagnosed based on the following criteria: (1) clinical features (2) histopathological findings (3) Linear depositions of IgG, IgA, IgM 4. salt-split skin (SSS) or other immune serological tests compatible with the diagnosis of EB disease. Hochobeh ointment and lotion treatment were initiated. Clinical evaluations were repeated 3 and 7 days after the treatment began, and photographs were taken to document the changes in clinical severity. EB Disease Activity and Scarring Index (EBDASI) and EB Quality of Life (EB-QoL) questionnaires were used to assess the severity of EB and the quality of life, respectively. All statistical analyses were performed using statistical package for the social sciences version 16.\u0000RESULTS: Overall, fourteen patients were included. Improvement in clinical features, including reduction of infection and inflammation and improvement of wound healing, was observed. EBDASI and EB-QoL scores decreased significantly after treatment (91.5 ± 45.7 vs. 68.9 ± 43, p = 0.001; 24.6 ± 6.7 vs. 18 ± 5.2, p = 0.001, respectively).\u0000CONCLUSION: Hochobeh ointment may be effective in treating EB skin and mucosal lesions.","PeriodicalId":377272,"journal":{"name":"South East European Journal of Immunology","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133690368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Autoimmune Encephalitis: A Literature Review","authors":"T. Deleva-Stoshevska, S. Nikoloska, B. Stoshevski, M. Nikoloski, D. Veljanovski, Sandra Dejanova-Panov","doi":"10.3889/seejim.2023.6032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3889/seejim.2023.6032","url":null,"abstract":"Autoimmune encephalitis (AIE) defines brain inflammation caused by a misdirected immune response against self-antigens expressed in the central nervous system. AIE encompasses a group of non-infectious immune-mediated inflammatory disorders of the brain parenchyma often involving the cortical or deep gray matter with or without involvement of the white matter, meninges, or the spinal cord. Suggested mechanisms that may trigger AIE include tumors (paraneoplastic), infections (para-infectious), or it may be cryptogenic. This study represents a review of the common forms of AIE, exploring their causes, diagnostic approaches, and management strategies. The previous and ongoing investigations in this field have been driven by the identification of several pathogenic autoantibodies that cause polysymptomatic neuropsychiatric and neurological diseases. AIE comprises a heterogeneous group of disorders that are at least as common as infectious causes of encephalitis. Early treatment is associated with better prognosis and is crucial for the prevention of severe complications. The underlying mechanisms for activation and autoimmune response in the CNS are still unclear. Further investigations are needed to better explain how immune mechanisms affect nervous system functions.","PeriodicalId":377272,"journal":{"name":"South East European Journal of Immunology","volume":"144 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133773773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk Factors for Human Immunodeficiency Virus: Blood Transfusion, Injecting Drug Use, Piercing, and Tatto in Indonesia","authors":"Erika Martining Wardani, Riezky Faisal Nugroho","doi":"10.3889/seejim.2023.6034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3889/seejim.2023.6034","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is still a public health problem worldwide. HIV transmission occurs through several modes of transmission. One of the intermediaries for transmission is through blood transfusions, IDU (injecting drug use) with sharing needles or not (sterile), especially among injecting drug users, as well as piercing and tattoos.\u0000AIM: The purpose of the study was to analyze risk factors for HIV: Blood transfusion, IDU, piercing, and tatto in Indonesia.\u0000METHODS: The research design was cross-sectional. The population of all individuals with HIV who are included in the blood transfusion, IDU, piercing, and tattoo users at the Kompeda City Surabaya Foundation is 183 people with 100 respondence using simple random sampling technique. The instrument used is a questionnaire. The data were analyzed by double linear regression test.\u0000RESULTS: The results of multivariate analysis showed that blood transfusion (p = 0.01), injecting drug use (p = 0.00), piercing (p = 0.01), and tattoo (p = 0.01) factors significantly influenced the incidence of HIV. R Square of the five factors is 0.000.\u0000CONCLUSION: Risk factors such as blood transfusions, injecting drug use (IDU), piercings, and tattoos are factors that cause HIV. Preventive efforts can be made to prevent HIV risk factors through education by implementing the health promotion model about HIV/AIDS as well as prevention and transmission that can suppress the spread of HIV/AIDS.","PeriodicalId":377272,"journal":{"name":"South East European Journal of Immunology","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127418239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Polyps and Comorbid Asthma: Results of Reslizumab Treatment","authors":"N. Boiko, I. Stagnieva, O. Lodochkina","doi":"10.3889/seejim.2023.6039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3889/seejim.2023.6039","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND:  Chronic  rhinosinusitis  with  nasal  polyps  (CRSwNP)  and  asthma  are  comorbid,  mutually burdening, difficult-to-treat diseases. The presence of a correlation between the severity of the course of CRSwNP and eosinophilic asthma, the  proximity of the endotypes of these diseases, and the success in the application of humanized monoclonal antibodies for the treatment of severe asthma explain the interest in the study of the possibility of using this group of medications in patients with CRSwNP.\u0000AIM: The present study purposes to evaluate changes in the severity of CRS symptoms in patients with comorbid asthma during reslizumab treatment. The clinical effect of the treatment, the dynamics of subjective and objective characteristics of (CRSwNP) and asthma symptoms, indicators of general and local eosinophilia have been analyzed.\u0000MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study involved 18 patients with severe eosinophilic asthma, treated with reslizumab. Research protocol: the first examination conducted before reslizumab treatment included an assessment of clinical symptoms using Sino-nasal outcome test-22 and asthma control test, endoscopic examination of the nasal cavity, computed tomography of the paranasal sinuses, rhinocytogram, determination of the content of eosinophils and eosinophil cation protein in the blood, spirometry. Evaluation of the results of treatment was carried out after 6 injections of reslizumab at a dose of 3 mg/kg 1 time every 4 weeks. The obtained data were processed by means of the “Statistica 12.0” program (StatSoft, USA). The  differences in the indicators were considered statistically significant at p < 0.05.\u0000RESULTS: After 6 injections of reslizumab both a noticeable improvement in asthma control and a decrease in the severity of the nasal symptoms were noted. A more evident effect in diminution of asthma symptoms due to the use of reslizumab was obtained in patients with severe eosinophilic asthma with CRSwNP compared with cases without polyps.\u0000CONCLUSION: Treatment with reslizumab in patients with eosinophilic asthma and concomitant CRS with polyps and eosinophilic CRS leads not only to improved control of asthma symptoms but also to significant regression of nasal symptoms.","PeriodicalId":377272,"journal":{"name":"South East European Journal of Immunology","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133872783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Protective Effect of HLA-DRB1 and HLA-DQB1 Alleles to ACPA-Positive and RF-Positive RA in Albanian Population","authors":"Margarita Prifti-Kurti, G. Sulcebe, E. Shyti, Z. Ylli","doi":"10.3889/seejim.2023.6037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3889/seejim.2023.6037","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGOUND: The prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and its specific autoantibodies varies in different populations. This variability depends on the genetic polymorphism of the immune response genes among which the HLA system plays a major role.\u0000AIM: We conducted a preliminary study of the distribution of HLA-DRB1 and HLA-DQB1 first field level alleles in a sample of 100 Albanian patients with RA.\u0000METHODS: In this context, we studied the HLA-DRB1 and HLA-DQB1 first-level allele frequencies in 100 Albanian patients with RA and considering their rheumatoid factor (RF) and anti-citrullinated peptide antibodies (ACPA) serologic subgroups. We compared them with the respective frequencies in a population of 191 Albanian individuals without known pathology.\u0000RESULTS: No differences were found between the controls and the RA patient group, but three statistically significant differences were found: an increase in DRB1*04 among ACPA-positive, RF-positive and ACPA-positive/RF-positive patients, a significant decrease in DRB1*11 among ACPA-positive/RF-positive, and also a decrease in DRB1*13 among RF-positive patient subgroups. The frequencies of DRB1 allotypes in ACPA+ and RF+ patients compared to their counterpart ACPA− and RF−patient subgroups showed the predisposing effect of HLA-DRB1*04 for ACPA and RF seropositivity (p, respectively, 0.0008 and 0.0017) and the protective role of HLA-DRB1*11 for ACPA and RF positivity (p, respectively, 0.007 and 0.02). The same protective role from the RF positivity is also found with the HLA-DRB1*13 alleles (p = 0.007). As far as the DQB1 locus is concerned, a protective association has been found between the HLA-DQB1*06 alleles with both RF+ and RF+ ACPA+ positivity (p, respectively, 0.05 and 0.04) when comparing the control group with the respective RA patient subgroups. In ACPA+ and RF+ patients compared to the ACPA− and RF− patient subgroups, the only detected difference was between RF (+) and RF (−) patients (p =0.04).\u0000CONCLUSION: The relatively low frequencies of DRB1*04 and high (DRB1*11 and DRB1*13) in the Albanian population might explain the rather low positivity rate of ACPA and RF antibodies among the Albanian RA patients. Our study demonstrates that DRB1*11, DRB1*13 and DQB1*06 may be negatively associated with RA. Conversely, DRB1*04 may confer susceptibility to RA in Albanian population.","PeriodicalId":377272,"journal":{"name":"South East European Journal of Immunology","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126666508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advanced Platelet-rich Fibrin versus Sticky Bone in Socket Preservation - Clinical and X-ray Assessment: Case Report","authors":"S. Trajculeski, D. Veleska-Stevkovska, Marija Trajculeski","doi":"10.3889/seejim.2023.6030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3889/seejim.2023.6030","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: The preservation of post-extraction alveola, as part of guided bone regeneration, is recommended for the creation of a biological foundation for future implant-prosthetic or prosthetic production. Several graft materials are used, either independently or in a combination of each other. Advanced platelet-rich fibrin (A-PRF) as an autologous blood derivate in the recent years has been increasingly used because of its properties in angiogenesis, epithelialization, and hemostasis. Simple production, low cost, and non-use of anticoagulants are advantages for more mass use of it.\u0000CASE PRESENTATION: Two clinical cases are described, one is using a combination of A-PRF with xenograft, and the second clinical case is using a solo A-PRF, for socket preservation.\u0000CONCLUSION: The properties of A-PRF for preserving both bone volume and quality have been confirmed, highlighting its potential as a valuable therapeutic tool. Furthermore, the post-operative period following A-PRF treatment has been found to be free of significant discomfort and morbidity for patients, suggesting that this approach may represent a safe and effective means of promoting optimal clinical outcomes.","PeriodicalId":377272,"journal":{"name":"South East European Journal of Immunology","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132137600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Potential of Fractional Exhaled Nitric Oxide as a Biomarker in Predicting and Optimizing Use of Treatment in Asthma","authors":"Hirowati Ali, Salsabila Faiha Wiendra Rasya, Muhammad Abi Ghoffari Siregar","doi":"10.3889/seejim.2023.6033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3889/seejim.2023.6033","url":null,"abstract":"Asthma affects the respiratory system and causes airway inflammation. The indication of asthma includes a triad of airway inflammation, hyperresponsiveness, and obstruction. Nitric Oxide (NO) is a gas that is exhaled and is a sign of airway inflammation. NO levels in the exhaled breath of patients with type 2 asthma are elevated, and fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) is an objective biomarker of airway inflammation. Measurements of FeNO are noninvasive, require minimal patient effort, and are easy to collect in clinical settings. The current review is a systematic review performed using PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar according to The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis Protocol (PRISMA-P) guidelines. This review discusses the entanglement of understanding FeNO measurement and supplementing existing diagnostic and assessment tools for inflammatory lung diseases. Monitoring FeNO can also help identify different asthma phenotypes within the asthma syndrome and suggest the optimal administration of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) as elevated FeNO levels indicate ICS response. Non-adherence to ICS is a significant contributor to the failure of asthma treatment. A FeNO suppression test can be done to determine non-adherence. FeNO levels should be used with a careful history, conventional spirometric testing with bronchodilator reversibility, measures of bronchial hyperreactivity using methacholine, and other measures of eosinophilic inflammation, such as a peripheral blood eosinophil cell count. FeNO is more sensitive and specific when paired with other lung function tests.","PeriodicalId":377272,"journal":{"name":"South East European Journal of Immunology","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126233602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incidence of Immunological Occupational Asthma in 2015–2022 by Occupation: Macedonian Experience","authors":"J. Minov, S. Stoleski, D. Mijakoski, A. Atanasovska, Maja Panajotovic-Radevska, D. Bislimovska","doi":"10.3889/seejim.2023.6027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3889/seejim.2023.6027","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Immunologic occupational asthma (OA), a more prevalent OA type than non-immunologic OA, became an important public health problem in the last decades worldwide.\u0000AIM: To present the distribution of new diagnosed cases of immunologic OA in the RN Macedonia in the period 2015–2022 by occupation.\u0000METHODS: Immunologic OA was diagnosed by the serial measurement of peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) at and away from work or by combination of serial PEFR measurement at and away from work and non-specific bronchial provocation at and away from work in workers with diagnosed asthma  and work-relatedness of the symptoms. Sensitization to common inhalant and occupational allergens was evaluated by skin prick test.\u0000RESULTS: The annual incidence rate of the diagnosed immunologic OA in this period varied from 1.9 / 100,000 working population in 2015–2.6 / 100,000 in 2022 with a drop in 2020 and 2021, i.e. in the period of COVID-19 pandemic (0.6 and 0.5, respectively). Cleaning, bakery, cleaning, textile manufacture, wood industry, agriculture, and metal-parts manufacture were the most important occupations for the development of immunologic OA. More than a half of the new diagnosed immunologic OA cases were atopics.\u0000CONCLUSION: Our findings indicated the occupations with the highest incidence of immunologic OA that could enable targeting of preventive measures and activities to reduce the occurrence of immunologic OA as well as its adverse health outcomes.","PeriodicalId":377272,"journal":{"name":"South East European Journal of Immunology","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123192812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}