{"title":"Wind Power Scenario Generation for Microgrid Day-Ahead Scheduling Using Sequential Generative Adversarial Networks","authors":"Junkai Liang, Wenyuan Tang","doi":"10.1109/SmartGridComm.2019.8909760","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SmartGridComm.2019.8909760","url":null,"abstract":"With the rapid increase in the distributed wind generation, considerable efforts have been devoted to the microgrid day-ahead scheduling. The effectiveness of these methods will highly depend on the selection of the uncertainty set. In this work, we propose a distribution-free approach for wind power scenario generation using sequential generative adversarial networks. To capture the temporal correlation, the proposed model adopts the long short-term memory architecture and uses the concept of generative adversarial networks coupled with reinforcement learning to guide the learning process. In contrast to the existing methods, the proposed model avoids manual labeling and captures the complex dynamics of the weather. The proposed scenario generation method is applied to the wind power dataset of Bonneville Power Administration. The results indicate that the scenarios generated by our model can characterize the variability of wind power in a better manner. The generated scenarios are compared with those produced by Gaussian distribution and kernel density estimation, in terms of two statistical scores.","PeriodicalId":377150,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE International Conference on Communications, Control, and Computing Technologies for Smart Grids (SmartGridComm)","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116705169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A High-Accuracy Spatial Localization Methodology for Partial Discharge by UHF-Signal Sensor-Arrays","authors":"Qi Zeng, Kai Zhou, Xing Zhang, Pengfei Du","doi":"10.1109/SmartGridComm.2019.8909770","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SmartGridComm.2019.8909770","url":null,"abstract":"Inspired by the idea of mobile targets localization by the antenna array, a novel localization methodology for the partial discharge (PD) source in power systems is proposed by using ultra-high frequency (UHF) sensor-arrays in this paper. Due to the broadband feature of UHF-signals emitted from PD source, a focusing algorithm, i.e., two-sided correlation transformation (TCT) algorithm, is utilized to transform the PD signals to the narrowband ones, which improves the accuracy of the direction-of-arrival (DoA) estimation at the sensor-array under the severe electromagnetic surroundings. Then, with the DoAs obtained from multiple sensor-arrays, a spatial localization paradigm for the PD source is introduced. Finally, the PD source can be localized within a spatial sphere formed by the multiple skew DoA-lines from these sensor-arrays. Based on the simulation with the experimental PD UHF-signal data, it is shown that the proposed methodology accurately localizes the PD source within the a small range of sphere under the severe testing situations, which improves the accuracy of PD source localization compared with the classic time-difference-of-arrival (TDoA) method.","PeriodicalId":377150,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE International Conference on Communications, Control, and Computing Technologies for Smart Grids (SmartGridComm)","volume":"64 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128017787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Michael Tuttle, M. Poshtan, T. Taufik, Joseph Callenes
{"title":"Impact of Cyber-Attacks on Power Grids with Distributed Energy Storage Systems","authors":"Michael Tuttle, M. Poshtan, T. Taufik, Joseph Callenes","doi":"10.1109/SmartGridComm.2019.8909736","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SmartGridComm.2019.8909736","url":null,"abstract":"Power system cyber-attacks today have become a significant design concern. By initiating false commands and/or injecting false data into power grid controls, attackers can perturb a variety of system state and dynamics. With a rapidly evolving energy landscape and aggressive carbon reduction goals in many locations [1], distributed energy storage systems are likely to be broadly deployed in the future. Energy storage can be used for balancing power demands and managing increased variability from solar and wind resources, as well as increasingly widespread electric vehicle charging stations. In this paper, we study the impact of attacks on emerging power grids with widespread energy storage. Based on a theoretical analysis and numerical simulations, we find that grids using widespread storage can lead to increased system vulnerabilities if not managed intelligently. Finally, we propose an approach for managing storage such that the overall grid is more resilient to attacks.","PeriodicalId":377150,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE International Conference on Communications, Control, and Computing Technologies for Smart Grids (SmartGridComm)","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127743996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Research on Wireless Time Synchronization Technology of Multi-source Power Grid Based on Wireless Physical Layer","authors":"Fan Zhang, Zhengying Wang, Y. Li, Chenyu Zhang","doi":"10.1109/SmartGridComm.2019.8909768","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SmartGridComm.2019.8909768","url":null,"abstract":"With the development of electronic information society, big data of power grid has become the development trend of smart grid. The ever-increasing business of power grid has made the need for big data analytics more intense. The premise of big data applications is to ensure accurate time synchronization. For improving service quality and expanding business capabilities, various businesses and operations of the State Grid rely on accurate and efficient data processing and analysis. Traditional wireless time synchronization technology is not suitable for grid scenarios. Based on this, this paper starts with the multi-source grid network structure and analyzes the demand for wireless time synchronization of multi-source grid services. According to the requirements, this paper adopts a wireless physical layer-based multi-source grid wireless time synchronization mechanism and a Software Defined Radio (SDR) based network time synchronization system to meet the lowcost and high-precision requirements of multi-source grid for wireless time synchronization, which achieves multi-source grid wireless time synchronization with a worst-case accuracy of approximately 800 microseconds.","PeriodicalId":377150,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE International Conference on Communications, Control, and Computing Technologies for Smart Grids (SmartGridComm)","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126488324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ardiansyah Musa Efendi, Yonghoon Choi, M. R. K. Aziz, Deokjai Choi
{"title":"Latency Minimization for Energy Internet Communications with SDN Virtualization Infrastructure","authors":"Ardiansyah Musa Efendi, Yonghoon Choi, M. R. K. Aziz, Deokjai Choi","doi":"10.1109/SmartGridComm.2019.8909690","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SmartGridComm.2019.8909690","url":null,"abstract":"Software-defined networking (SDN) technology is expected to be utilized to link energy stakeholders in a way that encourages active participation in building the energy internet (EI) ecosystem. However, EI is a very complex system with various production and non-production business applications that have specific and strict functional requirements. Hence, network service chaining is indispensable to be implemented. Currently, SDN can be combined with network function virtualization (NFV) technology, and they become SDN virtualization infrastructure. NFV has a role in providing service function chaining (SFC) on consolidated middleboxes, and SDN has a position as a glue between those functions. In this paper, we present our work on latency minimalization for EI communications with SDN virtualization infrastructure. We address our problem as an NFV middleboxes placement strategy to minimize the end-to-end flow latency subject to the middleboxes processing power capacity and the SDN-switch resources constraint. We investigate the existing middleboxes placement approaches and propose a network partitioning algorithm as our heuristic solution. The result shows that our approach could improve latency minimization significantly. The average latency can reach 20.19% and 7.10% lower than the baseline approach in two network topologies. We believe that the work presented in this paper will aid in realizing flexible and real-time capable EI communication infrastructure.","PeriodicalId":377150,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE International Conference on Communications, Control, and Computing Technologies for Smart Grids (SmartGridComm)","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134638243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Deep Reinforcement Learning Based Residential Demand Side Management With Edge Computing","authors":"Tan Li, Yuanzhang Xiao, Linqi Song","doi":"10.1109/SmartGridComm.2019.8909778","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SmartGridComm.2019.8909778","url":null,"abstract":"Residential demand side management (DSM) is a promising technique to improve the stability and reduce the cost of power systems. However, residential DSM is facing challenges under the ongoing paradigm shift of computation, such as edge computing. With the proliferation of smart appliances (e.g., appliances with computing and data analysis capabilities) and high-performance computing devices (e.g., graphics processing units) in the households, we expect surging residential energy consumption caused by computation. Therefore, it is important to schedule edge computing as well as traditional energy consumption in a smart way, especially when the demand for computation and thus for electricity occurs during the peak hours of electricity consumption.In this paper, we investigate an integrated home energy management system (HEMS) who participates in a DSM program and is equipped with an edge computing server. The HEMS aims to maximize the home owner’s expected total reward, defined as the reward from completing edge computing tasks minus the cost of electricity consumption, the cost of computation offloading to the cloud, and the penalty of violating the DSM requirements. The particular DSM program considered in this paper, which is a widely-adopted one, requires the household to reduce certain amount of energy consumption within a specified time window. In contrast to well-studied real-time pricing, such a DSM program results in a long-term temporal interdependency (i.e., of a few hours) and thus high-dimensional state space in our formulated Markov decision processes. To address this challenge, we use deep reinforcement learning, more specifically Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient, to solve the problem. Experiments show that our proposed scheme achieves significant performance gains over reasonable baselines.","PeriodicalId":377150,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE International Conference on Communications, Control, and Computing Technologies for Smart Grids (SmartGridComm)","volume":"69 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126015422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Detection and Localization of Manipulated Smart Meters Using Super State Hidden Markov Models","authors":"R. Gabriel, J. Matthes, H. Keller, V. Hagenmeyer","doi":"10.1109/SmartGridComm.2019.8909702","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SmartGridComm.2019.8909702","url":null,"abstract":"Manipulated energy metering devices lead not only to severe economic damages, they also can directly lead to unfortunate decisions concerning stable grid operation, especially for Smart Grids of the future with less and less rotating inertia and more and more volatile infeed of renewables. For this reason, we propose in the present paper a new manipulation detection method using Super State Hidden Markov Models (SSHMMs) in combination with an additional central metering device. The proposed new method does not only allow the detection of the manipulation of the Smart Meters, but additionally infers which meters are most likely manipulated. Thus, the new method is able to detect attacks on the grid and to pinpoint the manipulated devices, enabling the network provider to initiate further counteractions. The accuracy and effectiveness of the new method are shown by its application to a distribution grid example. It is ready-to-use for network providers of classical distribution grids.","PeriodicalId":377150,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE International Conference on Communications, Control, and Computing Technologies for Smart Grids (SmartGridComm)","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127614926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Synthetic Power Line Communications Channel Generation with Autoencoders and GANs","authors":"Davide Righini, N. A. Letizia, A. Tonello","doi":"10.1109/SmartGridComm.2019.8909700","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SmartGridComm.2019.8909700","url":null,"abstract":"Power Line Communication (PLC) technologies have a relevant role in smart energy grids. Channel modeling is important to assess their performance and enable the development of advanced PLC solutions. In this paper, we propose an approach to channel modeling that exploits AutoEncoders (AEs) and Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) to synthetically generate PLC Channel Transfer Functions (CTFs). A dataset obtained from measurements of CTFs is handled with an AE to extract its complete description through features. Then, a GAN is trained to generate new features that possess the same statistical distribution of the extracted ones. This allows the generation of new CTFs with the previously trained decoding part of the AE. The presented method is evaluated through simulations using a measured dataset and the results are verified with traditional metrics used to statistically characterize the channel.","PeriodicalId":377150,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE International Conference on Communications, Control, and Computing Technologies for Smart Grids (SmartGridComm)","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114868708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. Baumgart, Matthias Börsig, Niklas Goerke, Timon Hackenjos, Jochen Rill, Marek Wehmer
{"title":"Who Controls Your Energy? On the (In)Security of Residential Battery Energy Storage Systems","authors":"I. Baumgart, Matthias Börsig, Niklas Goerke, Timon Hackenjos, Jochen Rill, Marek Wehmer","doi":"10.1109/SmartGridComm.2019.8909749","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SmartGridComm.2019.8909749","url":null,"abstract":"The home Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) industry is on the rise [1]. Newer models are built as Internet-connected devices that offer new service models for customers and manufacturers alike. This approach, as can be observed from emerging Internet of Things (IoT) devices in the last decade, brings new challenges and issues with it. First of all, threats to user privacy and botnet attacks come to mind. More importantly, there are now substantial advances to put flexible BESS in more critical roles in the power grid and let them provide primary balancing power in order to compensate fluctuations [2].However, while the safety properties of such systems are currently being explored by researchers [3], their security is mostly unexplored and unregulated. To explore the state of security of residential BESS, we systematically analyzed commercially available storage systems from ten different manufacturers, who have a combined market share of more than 60 percent in Germany [4]. We show that all of them have security issues and four of them contain severe security flaws. In order to exemplify the deficit in the industry to properly secure Internet connected devices, we present three attacks in detail.","PeriodicalId":377150,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE International Conference on Communications, Control, and Computing Technologies for Smart Grids (SmartGridComm)","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115465682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"MEED: An Unsupervised Multi-Environment Event Detector for Non-Intrusive Load Monitoring","authors":"Daniel Jorde, M. Kahl, H. Jacobsen","doi":"10.1109/SmartGridComm.2019.8909729","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SmartGridComm.2019.8909729","url":null,"abstract":"The accurate detection of transitions between appliance states in electrical signals is the fundamental step that numerous energy conserving applications, such as Non-Intrusive Load Monitoring, rely on. So far, domain experts define rules and patterns to detect changes of appliance states and to extract detailed consumption information of individual appliances subsequently. Such event detectors are specifically designed for certain environments and need to be tediously adapted for new ones, as they require in-depth expert knowledge of the environment. To overcome this limitation, we propose a new unsupervised, multi-environment event detector, called MEED, that is based on a bidirectional recurrent denoising autoencoder. The performance of MEED is evaluated by comparing it to two state-of-the-art algorithms on two publicly available datasets from different environments. The results show that MEED improves the current state of the art and outperforms the reference algorithms on a residential (BLUED) and an office environment (BLOND) dataset while being trained and used fully unsupervised in the heterogeneous environments.","PeriodicalId":377150,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE International Conference on Communications, Control, and Computing Technologies for Smart Grids (SmartGridComm)","volume":"179 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114447242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}