Social Sciences最新文献_第2页

Exploring the Relationships between Personality and Psychological Well-Being: The Mediating Role of Pro-Environmental Behaviors 探索人格与心理健康之间的关系：亲环境行为的中介作用

IF 1.7

Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-05-22 DOI: 10.3390/socsci13060278

Maria Chiara Pino, Marco Giancola, Marta Sannino, Simonetta D'Amico, Massimiliano Palmiero

{"title":"Exploring the Relationships between Personality and Psychological Well-Being: The Mediating Role of Pro-Environmental Behaviors","authors":"Maria Chiara Pino, Marco Giancola, Marta Sannino, Simonetta D'Amico, Massimiliano Palmiero","doi":"10.3390/socsci13060278","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci13060278","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Research in psychology has attempted to identify the main predictors and strategies that are useful to promote well-being. Although personality has been recognized as one of the main determinants of well-being, the primary mechanisms involved in this relationship are not fully disclosed. This research addressed the impact of pro-environmental behaviors in the interplay between the Big Five (openness, extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, and neuroticism) and psychological well-being (eudaimonic). Methods: A total of 176 young adults (mean age = 21.55 years; SD age = 1.76 years; 114 F; mean education = 14.57 years; SD = 2.11 years) participated in this study. The participants were requested to complete a short battery of self-report questionnaires, including the Big Five Inventory-10, the Pro-environmental Behavior Questionnaire, and the Psychological Well-being Scale. Results: The results revealed that pro-environmental behaviors only mediated the association between agreeableness and eudaimonic well-being (B = 2.25, BootSE = 1.26, BootCIs 95% [0.149, 5.050]). Conclusions: These findings contributed to identifying the potential mechanisms through which personality contributes to individual eudaimonic well-being, also providing insights into the development of promoting interventions based on eco-sustainable behaviors. Limitations and future research directions are discussed.","PeriodicalId":37714,"journal":{"name":"Social Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141108305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

BMI Is Bunk, but Fat Women Are Diseased: The Hypocrisy of “The Normal (White) Man” 体重指数是垃圾，但胖女人有病：正常（白人）男人 "的虚伪

IF 1.7

Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-05-21 DOI: 10.3390/socsci13060276

S. Strings, Caryn Bell

{"title":"BMI Is Bunk, but Fat Women Are Diseased: The Hypocrisy of “The Normal (White) Man”","authors":"S. Strings, Caryn Bell","doi":"10.3390/socsci13060276","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci13060276","url":null,"abstract":"“Obesity”, is defined as a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30. Yet the tool, BMI, has been shown to be flawed in its weight classing. BMI categories were made by relying nearly exclusively on data about middle-class white males, creating “the normal (white) man”. Yet, BMI continues to be used as a diagnostic tool, and is increasingly deployed to stigmatize fat persons as “diseased”. This has critical implications for women—especially Black women and Latinas—who have some of the highest BMIs in the country. But, despite the consternation over the size of the bodies women of color have, there are nearly no studies to date examining the relationship between BMI and rates of chronic illness by race and gender. In this study, we examined the associations between BMI and type 2 diabetes (T2D) for women across race in comparison to white men. Relying on 20 years of NHANES data, we found that while Latinas and Black women were nearly 3 times and over 5 times as likely to have T2D than white men, respectively, the association between BMI and T2D was significantly weaker for Latinas than for white men. The association between BMI and T2D was markedly weaker for Black women. This study shows that racial and gendered health disparities cannot be explained by differences in rates of “obesity” as defined by a white male norm.","PeriodicalId":37714,"journal":{"name":"Social Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141116819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Experiencing Negative Racial Stereotyping: The Case of Coloured People in Johannesburg, South Africa † 经历负面种族成见：南非约翰内斯堡有色人种的案例 †

IF 1.7

Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-05-21 DOI: 10.3390/socsci13060277

A. I. Tewolde

{"title":"Experiencing Negative Racial Stereotyping: The Case of Coloured People in Johannesburg, South Africa †","authors":"A. I. Tewolde","doi":"10.3390/socsci13060277","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci13060277","url":null,"abstract":"Scholars examining racial stereotyping and prejudice in racially organised social systems have largely focused on how non-White ethnic and racial groups experience racial stereotyping in White-majority national contexts such as the US, Australia and European countries. There is only scant scholarship on experiences of ethno-racial communities in Black-majority countries such as South Africa, a country where Whites are a minority. Even though there is ample scholarly work on racial stereotyping of racial groups in South Africa such as Coloured people, much of it is focused on their experiences during colonial and Apartheid eras. Little is understood about how Coloured people experience racial stigmatisation in post-Apartheid South Africa. This paper addresses this gap. Based on interviews with fourteen Coloured participants from Westbury, Johannesburg, this study found that many interviewees claimed that Coloured South Africans were negatively racially stereotyped as people who use drugs, as aggressive and violent people, as alcoholics and as criminals. Many participants also resisted and countered the negative stereotypes by talking about Coloured people in positive ways,which shows their agency. The negative stereotyping of Coloured people which prevailed during colonial and Apartheid times is still deployed by society to describe Coloured people in post-Apartheid South Africa. To capture the continuity of negative stereotyping in South Africa about Coloured people, I developed the analytical term of perpetual racial stereotyping. Many decades after the end of the Apartheid system, negative racial stereotyping of Coloured South Africans still continues in everyday life, and Coloured people are still associated with racist prejudices, narratives, discourses and stereotypes that were invented many decades ago by settler colonialism and Apartheid.","PeriodicalId":37714,"journal":{"name":"Social Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141114883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Age and Burnout: The Mediating Role of Emotion-Regulation Strategies 年龄与职业倦怠：情绪调节策略的中介作用

IF 1.7

Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-05-20 DOI: 10.3390/socsci13050274

Bianca Mendes, Isabel Miguel

{"title":"Age and Burnout: The Mediating Role of Emotion-Regulation Strategies","authors":"Bianca Mendes, Isabel Miguel","doi":"10.3390/socsci13050274","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci13050274","url":null,"abstract":"In the context of an aging workforce, this study explores the interaction between age, burnout, and emotion-regulation strategies (ERS). Despite recognized challenges in managing age diversity and employee well-being, the direct impact of age on burnout and the mediating role of ERS remain unexplored. Analyzing data from 604 Portuguese workers (aged 18–65), this study utilizes a mediation model to investigate if age is directly related to the main problems that affect the workforce presently, focusing specifically on burnout and the role that emotion-regulation abilities (cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression) have in controlling the burnout effects (measured by emotional exhaustion and disengagement). The findings indicate that age does not have a straightforward linear relationship with burnout or ERS choice. Although age alone does not significantly influence burnout outcomes, ERS markedly impacts these outcomes, suggesting that factors beyond age predominantly drive ERS selection and effectiveness in managing burnout. This study emphasizes the critical role of ERS in influencing burnout, suggesting the importance of equipping workers with effective emotion-regulation skills to mitigate burnout risks. Further research is warranted to disentangle the complex interrelations among age, burnout, and ERS in organizational contexts.","PeriodicalId":37714,"journal":{"name":"Social Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141119190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Relationship between Socioeconomic Status and Pro-Environmental Behavior: The Role of Efficacy Beliefs 社会经济地位与环保行为之间的关系：效率信念的作用

IF 1.7

Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-05-20 DOI: 10.3390/socsci13050273

Ivana Vrselja, Lana Batinić, Mario Pandžić

{"title":"Relationship between Socioeconomic Status and Pro-Environmental Behavior: The Role of Efficacy Beliefs","authors":"Ivana Vrselja, Lana Batinić, Mario Pandžić","doi":"10.3390/socsci13050273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci13050273","url":null,"abstract":"Efficacy beliefs are important determinants of human behavior. In the context of social cognitive theory, the perception of collective efficacy is closely related to the individual perception of self-efficacy, which is influenced by socio-structural factors such as socioeconomic status (SES). Surprisingly, the relationship between these variables has received little attention in the literature on environmental issues. Within the framework of social cognitive theory, the aim of this study was to investigate whether SES has a direct effect on pro-environmental behavior and whether it has an indirect effect via perceptions of self-efficacy and collective efficacy, in relation to climate change mitigation behavior. An online cross-sectional study was conducted using a quota sample of 1075 participants (51.9% women) aged 18–79 years. Participants reported their SES using objective and subjective measures, perceptions of their own and collective efficacy in mitigating climate change, and the frequency of their pro-environmental behaviors. Structural equation modeling revealed that the model with serial mediation effects of self-efficacy and collective efficacy between SES (both objective and subjective) and pro-environmental behaviors showed a good model fit. As expected, both objective and subjective SES had no direct effect on pro-environmental behavior. Surprisingly, neither objective nor subjective SES had an indirect effect (via efficacy beliefs) on pro-environmental behavior. However, both self-efficacy and collective efficacy were associated with pro-environmental behavior. These findings have practical implications for the development of strategies aimed at enhancing pro-environmental behavior.","PeriodicalId":37714,"journal":{"name":"Social Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141123568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Influence of Cognitive Factors on Adherence to Social Distancing and the Use of Masks during the COVID-19 Pandemic by Young Adults: A Systematic Review 认知因素对年轻人在 COVID-19 大流行期间保持社交距离和使用口罩的影响：系统回顾

IF 1.7

Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-05-20 DOI: 10.3390/socsci13050275

Marina Almeida-Silva, Graça Andrade, Tamara Luis, Margarida Santos, A. Grilo

{"title":"Influence of Cognitive Factors on Adherence to Social Distancing and the Use of Masks during the COVID-19 Pandemic by Young Adults: A Systematic Review","authors":"Marina Almeida-Silva, Graça Andrade, Tamara Luis, Margarida Santos, A. Grilo","doi":"10.3390/socsci13050275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci13050275","url":null,"abstract":"Social distancing and the use of masks are crucial to prevent the spread of SARS-COV-2. Knowledge of the determinants of this behavior is essential to promote effective communication with the public in future public health crises that require mass public compliance with preventive behaviors. This systematic review focused on scientific evidence related to cognitive factors that underlie the intention of young adults’ intention to adhere to preventive social behavior (distancing and/or the use of facial masks) against COVID-19. A systematic literature search on the electronic database, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and EBSCO was performed in December 2022 according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines. The PEO (Population: young adults, Exposure: COVID-19, and Outcome: cognitive factors that underlie the intention of young adults to adhere to social distancing and/or the use of facial masks) was developed to identify search terms and inclusion/exclusion criteria. Eight studies met the eligibility criteria. None of the studies were seriously flawed according to the quality assessment, and they were considered to have a low risk of bias for selection. Several cognitive determinants emerged in the analysis. For both social distancing and the use of masks, the most relevant factors related to adherence include risk perception and perceived severity, the moral value of fairness, social responsibility, trust in the government, respect for authority, and the quality of institutional communication. Adherence to social distancing was found related to self-efficacy. These results reinforce social cognitive models showing the relevance of cognitions to adherence behavior, and highlight the responsibility of official institutions in the development of contexts and in adapting the communication for the effective promotion of adherence to the recommendations they launch.","PeriodicalId":37714,"journal":{"name":"Social Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141122642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Inclusive Education through Digital Comic Creation in Higher Learning Environments 在高等教育环境中通过数字漫画创作开展全纳教育

IF 1.7

Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-05-19 DOI: 10.3390/socsci13050272

Jose Belda-Medina

{"title":"Inclusive Education through Digital Comic Creation in Higher Learning Environments","authors":"Jose Belda-Medina","doi":"10.3390/socsci13050272","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci13050272","url":null,"abstract":"This research aims to promote diversity and inclusion among higher education students by examining the integration of technology into project-based learning (PBL) for English as a foreign language (EFL) teacher candidates. Based on a mixed-methods approach and convenience sampling (n = 84 participants), this study involved pre-service teachers who collaboratively employed several authoring tools to create 16 digital comic strips for teaching English. The focus of the project was on inclusivity, cultural diversity, and affective education. This study consisted of five stages corresponding to different critical thinking skills: comprehension, negotiation, creation, presentation, and evaluation. The instruments used for quantitative data included a pre/post-survey based on two validated scales. Qualitative data were gathered through class discussions and semi-structured interviews. The results, analyzed through SPSS and QDA Miner Lite, revealed that teacher candidates lacked prior experience using digital tools to create EFL-inclusive materials. However, the study also highlighted increased awareness of inclusive education and strong advocacy for the integration of transformative technology in teacher training programs.","PeriodicalId":37714,"journal":{"name":"Social Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141124342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sex Differences in the Influence of Relationships on Adolescent Offending 关系对青少年犯罪影响的性别差异

IF 1.7

Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-05-17 DOI: 10.3390/socsci13050270

Sara B. Zedaker, Ashley K. Fansher, Amanda Goodson

引用次数: 0

Lived Expertise in Homelessness Policy and Governance 无家可归问题政策和治理方面的专门知识

IF 1.7

Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-05-17 DOI: 10.3390/socsci13050271

Anna Kopec, Alison Smith

引用次数: 0

Arts and Humanities Education: A Systematic Review of Emerging Technologies and Their Contribution to Social Well-Being 艺术与人文教育：新兴技术及其对社会福祉贡献的系统回顾

IF 1.7

Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-05-16 DOI: 10.3390/socsci13050269

Nancy Usca, Mariela Samaniego, Carlos Yerbabuena, Isaac Pérez

{"title":"Arts and Humanities Education: A Systematic Review of Emerging Technologies and Their Contribution to Social Well-Being","authors":"Nancy Usca, Mariela Samaniego, Carlos Yerbabuena, Isaac Pérez","doi":"10.3390/socsci13050269","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci13050269","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study is to identify the most applied emerging technologies in the field of arts and humanities, exploring their advantages and potential obstacles. The research results aim to contribute to social and cultural well-being by enhancing the understanding and application of these technologies in cultural, linguistic, and artistic domains. Through a systematic literature review based on the PRISMA protocol, using search strings in two scientific databases, 158 studies were obtained that helped address the research questions posed. The findings indicate that, in arts and humanities, emerging technologies such as virtual reality, the Internet of Things, and mobile learning are transforming creativity, teaching, and management. Identified benefits include interactive, collaborative, and innovative learning, as well as increased accessibility to education. However, challenges such as a lack of digital skills among educators, deficiencies in infrastructure, and resistance to change highlight the need for training programs and overcoming obstacles for effective implementation of these technologies in arts and humanities education. It is concluded that the integration of emerging technologies in the fields of arts and humanities presents an opportunity to promote digital intervention in social well-being, as well as to stimulate creativity and cultural exploration. These initiatives facilitate the dissemination and appreciation of cultural heritage, while also promoting community participation and strengthening an ever-evolving cultural identity.","PeriodicalId":37714,"journal":{"name":"Social Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140971021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0