Social Sciences最新文献

Neglect in Older Adults: A Sociodemographic and Health Approach in the Portuguese Context 忽视老年人：葡萄牙社会人口与健康方法

IF 1.7

Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-08-09 DOI: 10.3390/socsci13080419

Joana Correia Jesus, S. von Humboldt, Luísa Soares, Isabel Leal

{"title":"Neglect in Older Adults: A Sociodemographic and Health Approach in the Portuguese Context","authors":"Joana Correia Jesus, S. von Humboldt, Luísa Soares, Isabel Leal","doi":"10.3390/socsci13080419","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci13080419","url":null,"abstract":"Southern European countries have shown indicators of accelerated aging. In Portugal, a particularly worrying aspect of this reality lies in the relationship between the aging process and the incidence of violence in older adults, as the degree of dependence and/or health status becomes a significant risk factor for the occurrence of violence. The objectives of the present study were (1) to assess the risk of violence and indicators of neglect in Portuguese older adults; (2) to examine the differences in neglect indicators according to sociodemographic characteristics and health habits. The final sample consisted of 1012 Portuguese older adults aged 65 or over. Participants were asked about sociodemographic characteristics and health habits. The risk of violence was measured using the Vulnerability to Abuse Screening Scale, and the neglect subscale of the Elder Abuse: A Multinational Prevalence Survey was used to evaluate indicators of exposure to neglect in the past year. The results show that approximately 27% of the population presents values of risk to violence. One-tenth of participants were exposed to low levels of neglect indicators and slightly fewer people (5%) were exposed to higher levels of neglect indicators. There are significant differences regarding exposure to neglect according to the age groups, gender, and marital status, depending on the living situation, years of retirement, practice of physical exercise, existence of chronic disease, alcohol consumption, and frequency of leaving home.","PeriodicalId":37714,"journal":{"name":"Social Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141921577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Social Intervention That Facilitates Recovery from Gender-Based Violence: Dialogic Reconstruction of Memory 促进从性别暴力中恢复的社会干预：以对话方式重建记忆

IF 1.7

Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-08-09 DOI: 10.3390/socsci13080417

Patricia Melgar, Olga Serradell, Claudia Hereu, Sandra Racionero-Plaza, Elena Mut

{"title":"Social Intervention That Facilitates Recovery from Gender-Based Violence: Dialogic Reconstruction of Memory","authors":"Patricia Melgar, Olga Serradell, Claudia Hereu, Sandra Racionero-Plaza, Elena Mut","doi":"10.3390/socsci13080417","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci13080417","url":null,"abstract":"Services for victims of gender-based violence are an interdisciplinary work space where the recovery of women and, thus, preventing their social exclusion are among the main objectives. Although previous scientific literature provides some indicators of the social impact of these services, that is, the improvements in the lives of these women, and allow them to advance in their recovery, it is necessary to deepen and broaden this knowledge. One of the objectives of the SOLNET R&D research was to more comprehensively identify the indicators of the social impact of these interventions. This objective was achieved by carrying out 8 case studies and a total of 56 interviews—32 of which involved women who were victims of violence—in third-sector organisations that tend to women victims in 7 different regions of Spain. The results of our research show that the dialogical reconstruction of the memory of violence contributes to overcoming one of the main barriers to women’s recovery: emotional dependency. To achieve this impact, the dialogic reconstruction of memory should focus on changing the image these women have of the abuser and the conceptions of love associated with violence. These results have important implications for the design and evaluation of interventions carried out in services for women victims of gender-based violence. The application of these results can help these women successfully leave the situation of violence and build a violence-free future.","PeriodicalId":37714,"journal":{"name":"Social Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141922540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Brújula Intersexual: Working Strategies, the Emergence of the Mexican Intersex Community, and Its Relationship with the Intersex Movement Brújula Intersexual：工作策略、墨西哥双性人社区的出现及其与双性人运动的关系

IF 1.7

Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-08-08 DOI: 10.3390/socsci13080414

Eva Alcántara, Laura Inter, Frida Flores, Carlos Narváez-Pichardo

{"title":"Brújula Intersexual: Working Strategies, the Emergence of the Mexican Intersex Community, and Its Relationship with the Intersex Movement","authors":"Eva Alcántara, Laura Inter, Frida Flores, Carlos Narváez-Pichardo","doi":"10.3390/socsci13080414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci13080414","url":null,"abstract":"After a decade of work, Brújula Intersexual has become a reference in Mexico and Latin America. However, the presence of the Latin American intersex movement in the specialised literature in English is restricted. We consider that conducting a self-reflexive review of Brújula Intersexual could contribute to understanding (1) the work strategies implemented by Brújula Intersexual; (2) the formation of the Spanish-speaking intersex community and movement in Mexico; and (3) the heterogeneous dynamics of the global intersex movement. We designed a qualitative–quantitative study involving discussion meetings with the Brújula Intersexual team, revision of the Brújula Intersexual archive, a scoping review, and a timeline. The results and discussion are focused on two axes: (1) Brújula Intersexual: structure and working strategies, in which two concepts are developed, namely, the intimate sphere and the atmosphere of trust; (2) The articulation of Brújula Intersexual within the intersex movement and its resonances in public policy. Researching Brújula Intersexual contributes to the collective memory and reveals important events that link the Spanish-speaking and global anglophone intersex movements. In particular, Brújula Intersexual was configured as a critical counter-device that manages intense flows of affection, allowing for the production of new subjectivation modes for people with intersex bodies.","PeriodicalId":37714,"journal":{"name":"Social Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141927253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ethnic Residential Segregation: Evidence from Two Italian Functional Urban Areas 种族居住隔离：来自意大利两个城市功能区的证据

IF 1.7

Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-08-08 DOI: 10.3390/socsci13080416

Luca Daconto, Maria Grazia Montesano

{"title":"Ethnic Residential Segregation: Evidence from Two Italian Functional Urban Areas","authors":"Luca Daconto, Maria Grazia Montesano","doi":"10.3390/socsci13080416","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci13080416","url":null,"abstract":"This article aims to update the analysis of the residential segregation of the foreign population in European cities by considering the most recent 2021 census data for two different Italian metropolitan areas, Milan and Bologna. The diachronic analysis (2001–2021) of several indices of residential segregation (i.e., dissimilarity index, two group and multigroup; location quotient; and kernel density estimation) at the metropolitan scale (i.e., functional urban area) will contribute to the debate on the residential settlement patterns of foreign populations, highlighting the specificities of Southern European cities. Despite the significant differences between the two cities considered, the same desegregation trends (i.e., reduction in segregation indices) are identified in both cases. The results show a decrease in residential segregation over time in both core and commuting areas. Furthermore, phenomena of peripheralisation related to overrepresentation in metropolitan municipalities emerge, although core areas remain where the foreign population is most concentrated. The complexity and ambivalence of residential dynamics in the two cases suggest that residential segregation can also take “unusual forms” in Southern European cities that are not always related to the macro-concentration phenomena. In this sense, the “urban diaspora” hypothesis seems to be a suitable concept for capturing the new distributional trend of the foreign population in the Southern European context.","PeriodicalId":37714,"journal":{"name":"Social Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141925721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Is There a Single Profile of a Victim of Workplace Bullying? The Prevalence of Workplace Bullying in the Educational Sector in Spain and Its Consequences for Teachers’ Health 工作场所欺凌受害者的特征是否单一？西班牙教育部门工作场所欺凌的普遍性及其对教师健康的影响

IF 1.7

Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-08-08 DOI: 10.3390/socsci13080413

Jorge J. López-Vílchez, Ester Grau-Alberola, P. Gil-Monte

{"title":"Is There a Single Profile of a Victim of Workplace Bullying? The Prevalence of Workplace Bullying in the Educational Sector in Spain and Its Consequences for Teachers’ Health","authors":"Jorge J. López-Vílchez, Ester Grau-Alberola, P. Gil-Monte","doi":"10.3390/socsci13080413","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci13080413","url":null,"abstract":"Dysfunctional work environments are characterized by the presence of psycho-social risks, such as workplace bullying (WB): hostile, systematic, and planned behaviors toward other workers in order to get them to leave the organization they work for. The aims of this study are (1) to analyze the prevalence of WB in a sample of teachers and (2) to determine the relationship between socio-demographic and socio-labor variables in relation to three study groups: teacher victims of WB, violent behaviors, and null or low violence. The sample consists of 3442 teachers working in publicly regulated educational centers located in the province of Valencia (Spain). Estimated frequencies, cross-tabulations, and effect sizes were analyzed using SPSS 24. The following results were obtained: (1) 12.26% were potential WB cases, and (2) potential victims of WB were not influenced by the socio-demographic and socio-labor variables proposed. The results obtained did not make it possible to determine a single profile of a teacher victim of WB. It is recommended that training protocols be developed to help teachers recognize and manage WB more effectively. This will improve their health, well-being, and performance in educational centers.","PeriodicalId":37714,"journal":{"name":"Social Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141928078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Erased, Displaced, Misplaced: Reclaiming [Chinese Canadian] National Identity through Co-op Radio 被抹除、流离失所、错位：通过合作电台重拾[加拿大华人]的民族身份

IF 1.7

Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-08-08 DOI: 10.3390/socsci13080415

Rachel Wong

引用次数: 0

The Spatial Structures in the Austrian COVID-19 Protest Movement: A Virtual and Geospatial User Network Analysis 奥地利 COVID-19 抗议运动的空间结构：虚拟和地理空间用户网络分析

IF 1.7

Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-05-24 DOI: 10.3390/socsci13060282

Umut Nefta Kanilmaz, Bernd Resch, Roland Holzinger, Christian Wasner, Thomas Steinmaurer

引用次数: 0

The Micro-Politics of Artistic Production among Artists with a Migration Background 有移民背景的艺术家的艺术创作微观政治学

IF 1.7

Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-05-23 DOI: 10.3390/socsci13060281

Golnesa Rezanezhad Pishkhani, Mattias De Backer

引用次数: 0

Revisiting the Claims of Past Medical Innocence and Good Intentions 重新审视过去医学无罪和善意的说法

IF 1.7

Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-05-22 DOI: 10.3390/socsci13060279

Janik Bastien Charlebois

{"title":"Revisiting the Claims of Past Medical Innocence and Good Intentions","authors":"Janik Bastien Charlebois","doi":"10.3390/socsci13060279","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci13060279","url":null,"abstract":"Medical professionals usually reject critiques of deferrable treatments that alter the sex characteristics of infants and children without personal informed consent on the grounds that intersex adults’ experiences reflect ‘obsolete’ practice. However, past practice is also protected from criticism by claiming ‘good intentions’, a commitment to the child’s best interest and context-dictated constraints on medical practice. I first examine foundational literature of the Optimal Gender Policy to verify the presence of statements of interests or motives, I then collect affect displays to identify motives, and I observe attitudes to clitoridectomy. Affect displays point to motives that are relevant in interpretive sociology, as they allow access to cultural or institutional dispositions when justification talk has not been provided. While a statement of interest is absent from the foundational literature, I identify the following affect displays: (1) unease and disgust; (2) attachment to heteronormativity, as well as three kinds of gratification or pleasure rewards; (3) power pleasure; (4) surgical pleasure; (5) and cosmetic pleasure. As surgical action appeases some of these affects and nourish others, previous medical professionals had interests that were their own and not centred on the children. Examination of attitudes to clitoridectomy reveals that clinicians were aware of the (phallo)clitoris’ importance to sexual pleasure but dismissed it, further invalidating claims that past practice was based on children’s best interest.","PeriodicalId":37714,"journal":{"name":"Social Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141112725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Navigating the Post-Pandemic Normal: Learning from the Experiences of Cyprus-Based Female Researchers during the COVID-19 Pandemic 驾驭大流行后的常态：从 COVID-19 大流行期间塞浦路斯女性研究人员的经历中学习

IF 1.7

Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-05-22 DOI: 10.3390/socsci13060280

Josephina Antoniou, Nadia Kornioti, Katerina Antoniou

{"title":"Navigating the Post-Pandemic Normal: Learning from the Experiences of Cyprus-Based Female Researchers during the COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"Josephina Antoniou, Nadia Kornioti, Katerina Antoniou","doi":"10.3390/socsci13060280","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci13060280","url":null,"abstract":"The article addresses the new normal for female researchers in the post-pandemic era by utilising information collected from the pandemic period, when disruption to ‘business as usual’ occurred. This information can inform a new normal that is as efficient, resilient, and ethical as possible. The research employs a case study methodology, with qualitative data collection and analysis approaches. To understand the circumstances faced by researchers in Cyprus during the pandemic, it was necessary to approach several scientists from different research areas and try to understand their experiences through conversations. The set of notes compiled from the completion of the informal conversations were analysed using thematic analysis. Three themes were identified: (a) misperceptions of flexibility in researchers’ schedules and workload, (b) lack of flexibility in adjusting expected outcomes or timelines, and (c) inability to compartmentalise personal and professional life. To better contextualise these findings, the study additionally explored survey results published by the European Commission on relevant topics, enabling a critical juxtaposition of the European perspective to the Cyprus-based findings of these pandemic-induced challenges. The study highlights significant misconceptions and overlooked dynamics regarding research conducted in times of crisis and offers avenues for ensuring research quality in analogous future scenarios.","PeriodicalId":37714,"journal":{"name":"Social Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141110512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0