{"title":"Algorithms, Decision Making, and the Human Outside the Code","authors":"Thomas Beschorner, F. Krause","doi":"10.5771/2747-5174-2021-2-78","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5771/2747-5174-2021-2-78","url":null,"abstract":"In this intervention, we discuss to what extent the term “decision” serves as an adequate terminology for what algorithms actually do. Although calculations of algorithms might be perceived as or be an important basis for a decision, we argue, that this terminology is not only misleading but also problematic. A calculation is not a decision, we claim, since a decision (implicitly) includes two important aspects: imaginaries about the future and a “fictional surplus” as well as the process of justification. Our proposal can be seen as an invitation to reflect but the role of “humans outside the code” (and not merely “in the loop”).","PeriodicalId":377128,"journal":{"name":"Morals & Machines","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129501084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"AI Generated Art.","authors":"Victor Renza","doi":"10.5771/2747-5174-2022-2-32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5771/2747-5174-2022-2-32","url":null,"abstract":"Human-robot interaction (HRI) through the practice of different types of art is bringing to the table new perspectives on innovative interactions where the cooperation between artists and robots not only deliver original works of art but also novel communication mechanisms beyond spoken and written-based forms. Generative art, that is, artworks mediated by the interaction with computers in codes and art generated by artificial intelligence (AI), are having a profound impact in different fields of the arts, including visual arts, performative arts, music and literature. This research proposes to establish some fundamental logics behind the interaction between artists and AI-art generators in order to advance in the understanding of how the intersection of art and technology can transform the ways in which humans relate to robots and its impacts in the arts, the artistic community and their identities and community building.","PeriodicalId":377128,"journal":{"name":"Morals & Machines","volume":"108 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117281782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Connectivity Conundrum.","authors":"E. Bucher, Christian Fieseler","doi":"10.5771/2747-5174-2022-2-74","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5771/2747-5174-2022-2-74","url":null,"abstract":"We argue that (1) enterprise collaborative platforms are conducive to the creation of hyper-connective work environments that foster connectivity with respect to (a) access to an exhaustive amount of content, conversation and metadata (everything), (b) access to an exhaustive circle of team-members (everyone) as well as (c) access to information in real-time (anytime). Furthermore, we suggest that (2) collaborative tools foster expectations and behavioral norms for specific representations of work and working which are characteristic to hyper-connective work environments. Against this backdrop we argue that (3) hyper-connective collaboration tools extend the focus from the final outcome of work to include the intimate process of working as well. We further posit, that this increased focus on of the work process is indicative of a chasm between the essence and the representation of work and working in hyper-connective work environments.","PeriodicalId":377128,"journal":{"name":"Morals & Machines","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133081594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Quantum Observer.","authors":"H. Šiljak, Fiona McDermott","doi":"10.5771/2747-5174-2022-2-54","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5771/2747-5174-2022-2-54","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we examine the representations of quantum theory and technology in visual media. Namely, we conduct a thorough content analysis of film scripts in science fiction and fantasy to discover ways quantum physics and computing are portrayed: examples include quantum computer scepticism, quantum as proxy for complexity/intelligence, and quantum theory as a vehicle for mysticism. We proceed with motif analysis in quantum theory and technology illustrations in outlets representative of modern global north economy, news, and science writing. There we extract the dominant symbols of quantum discourse and compare them to quantum technology imaginaries in literature. We recognise the repeated and replicated bias towards quantum technology as fuzzy, nonbinary, subjective, mystical, as well as a venue of a new arms/space race.","PeriodicalId":377128,"journal":{"name":"Morals & Machines","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125383307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Piercing the Veil of Opacity: Responsibility and Liability for People Analytics Tools at the Workplace","authors":"Isabelle Wildhaber, I. Ebert","doi":"10.5771/2747-5174-2021-2-40","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5771/2747-5174-2021-2-40","url":null,"abstract":"The use of digital technologies for workplace monitoring renders organizational responsibilities murky and opaque. However, clear responsibility for monitoring practices is key for both legal compliance and potential liability, as well as for ethical managerial practice to uphold the respect for human rights, in particular employee privacy. This article argues that responsibility for the use of people analytics tools in the work context should remain primarily with the employer as the operator of AI solutions and should be anchored in strong human oversight. The employer should carry out due diligence regarding the potential adverse impacts arising from workplace monitoring.","PeriodicalId":377128,"journal":{"name":"Morals & Machines","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129076569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mason Kortz, Jessica Fjeld, Hannah Hilligoss, Adam Nagy
{"title":"Is Lawful AI Ethical AI?","authors":"Mason Kortz, Jessica Fjeld, Hannah Hilligoss, Adam Nagy","doi":"10.5771/2747-5174-2022-1-60","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5771/2747-5174-2022-1-60","url":null,"abstract":"Attempts to impose moral constraints on autonomous, artificial decision-making systems range from “human in the loop” requirements to specialized languages for machine-readable moral rules. Regardless of the approach, though, such proposals all face the challenge that moral standards are not universal. It is tempting to use lawfulness as a proxy for morality; unlike moral rules, laws are usually explicitly defined and recorded – and they are usually at least roughly compatible with local moral norms. However, lawfulness is a highly abstracted and, thus, imperfect substitute for morality, and it should be relied on only with appropriate caution. In this paper, we argue that law-abiding AI systems are a more achievable goal than moral ones. At the same time, we argue that it’s important to understand the multiple layers of abstraction, legal and algorithmic, that underlie even the simplest AI-enabled decisions. The ultimate output of such a system may be far removed from the original intention and may not comport with the moral principles to which it was meant to adhere. Therefore, caution is required lest we develop AI systems that are technically law-abiding but still enable amoral or immoral conduct.","PeriodicalId":377128,"journal":{"name":"Morals & Machines","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126554869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The State of Glitch.","authors":"Freyja van den Boom","doi":"10.5771/2747-5174-2022-2-40","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5771/2747-5174-2022-2-40","url":null,"abstract":"The State of Glitch project is a provocation and invitation to discuss the governance of AI and Data. To ensure digital disruptions are positive there is an urgent need to better understand the impact of AI, on individuals, communities and the environment and to improve the lack of diversity and inclusivity in policymaking. Because of the complex nature of the challenges, this contribution argues for transdisciplinary research adopting a wide variety of methods including arts based, speculative design and future studies approaches. Acknowledging the importance of imagination to create the futures we want, this contribution invites the reader to consider a plausible future society where people and AI systems will co-exist, live work and play together and have equal rights, freedoms and responsibilities. After a brief provocation to help the reader imagine plausible futures, examples are presented to argue for the proposed role of arts and futures literacy to contribute to improving governance and regulation.","PeriodicalId":377128,"journal":{"name":"Morals & Machines","volume":"115 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128673192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Digital Freedom –Opening up the Debate","authors":"Roberta Fischli, Thomas Beschorner","doi":"10.5771/2747-5174-2022-1-11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5771/2747-5174-2022-1-11","url":null,"abstract":"This paper contributes to the normative analysis of digital technologies and data-driven practices by broadening the analytical perspective on freedom. Many contemporary discussions of the digital context tend to operate with a relatively narrow conception of freedom, which centers on the absence of interference. While this approach is in line with liberalism’s on-going paradigmatic standing in much of the Western world, we argue that digital theorists have much to gain from opening their discussions to social and positive conceptions of freedom. Drawing on the work of Axel Honneth and John Christman, we show how such a change in perspective gives rise to new considerations for freedom in the digital context, such as collective self-determination, capabilities, and mutual recogni- tion. Building on these ideas, we sketch three demands that follow from such an inclusive conception of freedom: empowering people via new forms of political participation, increasing diversity and collective awareness in the digital industry, as well as using progressive political regulation to unleash digital technology’s social potential.","PeriodicalId":377128,"journal":{"name":"Morals & Machines","volume":"14 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130749170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"THEY WANT TO BREAK FREE?","authors":"","doi":"10.5771/2747-5174-2022-1-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5771/2747-5174-2022-1-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":377128,"journal":{"name":"Morals & Machines","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130873456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"From Attention-Grabbing to Calm Technology","authors":"Sarah Genner","doi":"10.5771/2747-5174-2021-2-70","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5771/2747-5174-2021-2-70","url":null,"abstract":"What does the gambling industry have in common with the digital economy? Silicon Valley has learned from Las Vegas to drive “user engagement” on platforms, such as Facebook and Twitter, and in gaming. These platforms rely on the same neuropsychological mechanisms that produce behavioral manipulation and potential addiction. Calm technology is a concept dating back to the 1990s that represents a type of countermovement. Digital detox programs have attracted considerable attention. The Center for Humane Technology was founded by (ironically) former Silicon Valley leaders for the purposes of making technology less attention-grabbing. However, attention will remain a particularly scarce commodity in digital societies.","PeriodicalId":377128,"journal":{"name":"Morals & Machines","volume":"379 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131769284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号
