Fundamentalnaya i Prikladnaya Gidrofizika最新文献

{"title":"Force impact of a flow of an infinitely deep liquid on a source under ice cover","authors":"V. V. Bulatov, I. Yu. Vladimirov","doi":"10.59887/2073-6673.2023.16(3)-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59887/2073-6673.2023.16(3)-9","url":null,"abstract":"A characteristic natural factor of the polar regions of the World Ocean and freezing sea areas is the presence of ice cover. The floating ice cover, which determines the dynamic interaction between the ocean and the atmosphere, affects the dynamics of not only the sea surface, but also subsurface waters, while both the ice cover and the entire mass of liquid beneath it participate in the general vertical movement. It is assumed that the ice cover is continuous, that is, its horizontal scales exceed the lengths of the excited waves and, under fairly natural conditions, is modeled by a thin elastic plate, the deformations of which are small and the plate is physically linear. The problem of calculating the force impact of a flow of an infinitely deep homogeneous liquid on a localized source under the ice cover is solved. The problem is solved for the two-dimensional case. Integral representation of the solution for wave drag and lift is obtained, which arise due to the presence of an ice cover and act on the source. The results of calculations of the force action acting on a localized source, simulating a blunt semi-infinite body of finite width, and a dipole, simulating a cylinder, are presented for various values of the oncoming flow velocity and their immersion depth. Numerical calculations show that as the depth of the source immersion increases, the force effect of the fluid flow, which occurs due to the presence of an ice cover, decreases. The dependences of the wave resistance and lift force on the velocity of the incoming fluid flow demonstrate a qualitatively different behavior. The obtained results with different values of the physical parameters included in them make it possible to evaluate the characteristics of ice cover disturbances and its impact on various sources of natural and anthropogenic disturbances observed in real marine conditions.","PeriodicalId":37647,"journal":{"name":"Fundamentalnaya i Prikladnaya Gidrofizika","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135619179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transformation of a fully nonlinear breather-like package of internal waves over a bottom step in a layered fluid","authors":"N. A. Sannikov, O. E. Kurkina, E. A. Rouvinskaya, A. A. Kurkin","doi":"10.59887/2073-6673.2023.16(3)-10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59887/2073-6673.2023.16(3)-10","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we study the process of transformation of a localized wave packet over a bottom step in a three-layer fluid, in which the height of the step is equal to or exceeds the thickness of the lower layer; therefore, density stratification becomes two-layer in the shallow water zone. In numerical experiments, both the height of the step and the width of the step were varied. The problem is solved in the framework of a fully nonlinear model of hydrodynamics of an inviscid incompressible stratified fluid. The primary analysis consisted in estimating the values of dimensionless parameters used, as a rule, in runup problems: the Froude and Iribarren numbers, the ratio of the characteristic wavelength to the characteristic slope width, the ratio of the topographic slope to the characteristic wave beam angle. Since the “cutoff” line for the lower pycnocline is partially or completely located on a step, one could expect the effects of run-up, breaking or reflection of waves propagating along the lower pycnocline, but this doesn’t happen. It is shown that the reflection of the wave packet from the step is minimal in all cases considered, a strong steepening of the wave is observed, but no breaking occurs in this case — the wave then just quickly decays on the lower pycnocline. An analysis of the spectral amplitudes and energy fields allows us to conclude that there is a transfer of energy from the lower pycnocline to the upper one. The breather in a two-layer fluid cannot exist, but the wave packet formed in the upper pycnocline after its destruction has much higher energy than it has before the step.","PeriodicalId":37647,"journal":{"name":"Fundamentalnaya i Prikladnaya Gidrofizika","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135619175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Random matrix theory for description of sound scattering on background internal waves in a shallow sea","authors":"D. V. Makarov, E. V. Sosedko","doi":"10.59887/2073-6673.2023.16(3)-11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59887/2073-6673.2023.16(3)-11","url":null,"abstract":"The problem of propagation of low-frequency sound in a shallow waveguide with random hydrological inhomogeneity caused by background internal waves is considered. A new approach to statistical modeling of acoustic fields, based on the application of the random matrix theory and previously successfully used for deep-water acoustic waveguides, is used to the case of shallow-water waveguides. In this approach, sound scattering on random inhomogeneity is described using an ensemble of random propagator matrices which describe the transformation of the acoustic field in the space of normal waveguide modes. A study of the effect of sound “escaping” from a waveguide was carried out. The term “escaping” here means energy transfer to modes with stronger attenuation due to scattering on internal waves. A model of an underwater sound channel with an axis at a depth of about 45 meters is considered. It is shown that the first few modes propagating inside the water column are very little subject to losses due to the “escaping”. The strongest impact of the leakage scattering is experienced by the middle group of modes capable of reaching the sea surface. It is revealed as significant increasing of losses as compared to a horizontally homogeneous waveguide. On the other hand, the existence of linear mode combinations for which loss enhancement is practically absent has been revealed. These linear combinations correspond to the eigenfunctions of an inhomogeneous waveguide. Statistical analysis of propagator eigenfunctions indicates on qualitative differences of mechanisms of scattering for frequencies of 100 and 500 Hz.","PeriodicalId":37647,"journal":{"name":"Fundamentalnaya i Prikladnaya Gidrofizika","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135618956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The dependence of wave height probability distributions on physical parameters from measurements near Sakhalin Island","authors":"A. V. Slunyaev, A. V. Kokorina, A. I. Zaytsev, E. G. Didenkulova, A. A. Moskvitin, O. I. Didenkulov, E. N. Pelinovsky","doi":"10.59887/2073-6673.2023.16(3)-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59887/2073-6673.2023.16(3)-2","url":null,"abstract":"The data of long-term surface waves measurements with bottom sensors near Sakhalin Island were used to build instrumental probability distributions for exceedance of wave heights. Waves with heights exceeding the significant wave height by more than three times were recorded. Specific features of the observations conducted during the periods of open and ice-covered sea surfaces are discussed. The subsets of statistically homogeneous data are arranged through selection considering the natural physical dimensionless parameters of the task, that control the effects of finite depth and nonlinearity (namely, the wave steepness, the wave amplitude to water depth ratio, the Ursell parameter). The manifestation of these and composite parameters in theoretical probability distributions of wave heights is discussed. The effects of nonlinearity and the measurement point depth on probability distributions are estimated with a focus on abnormally high waves. In particular, it is shown that for the place of registration an increase in the wave amplitude to water depth ratio parameter leads to a decrease in the probability of abnormally high waves. This behavior is consistent with the Glukhovsky theoretical distribution. The waves characterized by relatively large dimensionless depth parameter exhibit a higher probability of substantial exceedance of the significant height and are better described by the Rayleigh distribution.","PeriodicalId":37647,"journal":{"name":"Fundamentalnaya i Prikladnaya Gidrofizika","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135781155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of the parabolic equation for calculation of sea waves diffraction in port area","authors":"A. G. Gogin, I. G. Kantarzhi","doi":"10.59887/2073-6673.2023.16(3)-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59887/2073-6673.2023.16(3)-8","url":null,"abstract":"Application method of parabolic equations is presented in this paper for calculating diffraction of sea waves behind converging breakwaters, which entrance is not parallel to front of approaching waves. For this, the method of linear superposition of results obtained separately for each breakwater was used. Based on a comparison of results obtained by this method with results of physical (obtained in a wave basin) and numerical (obtained using DHI MIKE 21 BW) model experiments with different settings (40 models in total), a conclusion about using allowability of the obtained equations was made. Results of the study make it possible to recommend the obtained equations for practical use in studies of seaports wave regimes, where diffraction phenomena are strong. Complexity of a function used in the parabolic method causes appearance of “petals” of diffraction coefficient isolines in protected water area. Approximate equations are presented for smoothing the oscillations of the complex amplitude function along lines parallel and perpendicular to axis of breakwaters. It is shown that associated error in obtaining diffraction coefficient varies on average within 2–5 %, and maximum error obtained was 12.5 %.","PeriodicalId":37647,"journal":{"name":"Fundamentalnaya i Prikladnaya Gidrofizika","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135781846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Numerical simulation of tsunami in the system of sevastopol bays","authors":"A. Yu. Belokon, D. I. Lazorenko, V. V. Fomin","doi":"10.59887/2073-6673.2023.16(3)-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59887/2073-6673.2023.16(3)-4","url":null,"abstract":"Within the framework of numerical simulation, a study was made of the penetration of tsunami waves into the system of Sevastopol bays. The non-linear SWASH hydrodynamic model was used to simulate the tsunami propagation. To determine the boundary conditions on the liquid boundary of the computational domain, using the Black Sea tsunami model, the level fluctuations near Sevastopol in the region of depths of 90 m were calculated during the passage of tsunami waves from three potential tsunami foci caused by underwater earthquakes of magnitude 7. It was found that in because of tsunami penetration into the bays of Sevastopol from the nearest focus, the rise in sea level in the tops of the bays could reach 1–2 m. The maximum amplitudes of level fluctuations were received in Pesochnaya and Karantinnaya bays, where they reached 2 m. In the Sevastopol Bay, the level rises were about 0.5–1 m. The most intense fluctuations were observed in the first 3–3.5 hours of the tsunami action. It is shown that the coastal zone of Sevastopol is protected from waves coming from distant foci by Cape Сhersones. Numerical experiments have shown that the protective piers at the entrance to the Sevastopol Bay do not have a significant effect on the sea level fluctuations caused by the tsunami inside the bay.","PeriodicalId":37647,"journal":{"name":"Fundamentalnaya i Prikladnaya Gidrofizika","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135781154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling of tsunami wave height distribution functions along the east coast of Sakhalin Island","authors":"A. I. Zaytsev, E. N. Pelinovsky","doi":"10.59887/2073-6673.2023.16(3)-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59887/2073-6673.2023.16(3)-5","url":null,"abstract":"The functions of the distribution of tsunami wave heights along the eastern coast of Sakhalin Island from sources located along the Kuril Islands are being studied. Known information about the tsunami on Sakhalin is given. Many of them were modeled numerically, which made it possible to assess the hazard of tsunami waves. The present work focuses on the functions of distributing the heights of tsunami waves, which were not previously calculated for this region at all. To this case, calculations were made of the propagation of tsunami waves from hypothetical strong earthquakes with M = 8.2 located in the regions of the Northern, Middle and Southern Kuril Islands. These calculations were carried out using the NAMI-DANCE computational code, which solves non-linear shallow water equations using nested grids with a minimum grid is about 9 m. Having no reliable coastal topography, the modeling was carried out to a depth of about 3 m. The results of the calculations confirmed that the calculated functions of the distribution of tsunami wave heights along the eastern coast of Sakhalin are well approximated by the lognormal function. The parameters of these distributions depend on the location of the source even with the same earthquake parameters, which once again emphasizes the significant role of seabed bathymetry on the characteristics of a tsunami on the shore.","PeriodicalId":37647,"journal":{"name":"Fundamentalnaya i Prikladnaya Gidrofizika","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135781156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microseismic oscillations as an indicator of tropical cyclones","authors":"V. A. Chupin","doi":"10.59887/2073-6673.2023.16(3)-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59887/2073-6673.2023.16(3)-1","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents the results of recording microseismic oscillations in the frequency range of infrasonic waves performed during the periods of active influence of tropical cyclones on the water area of the Sea of Japan. The data were obtained by a coastal laser-interference measuring complex consisting of a two-axis laser strainmeter and a laser nanobarograph. A case study using remote sensing data shows that the world meteorological agencies stopped tracking the typhoon too early, while the cyclone retains its vortex structure and energy characteristics. The dynamics of changes in the characteristics of infrasound microseismic oscillations, which depend on the trajectory of typhoons and the duration of their impact on the sea area, is shown. Generalised results are given for some groups of typhoons having similar trajectories of movement, as a result of which the maximum amplitudes of microseismic infrasonic oscillations are manifested at different frequencies. During the passage of a category 5 typhoon in 2022, a microseismic signal formed by the interaction of the atmospheric vortex in the rear part of the cyclone with the field of quicksand waves was registered near the measuring site. As a result of registration by ground-based remote sensing methods of certain characteristics of microseismic signals generated during the passage of typhoons, it is possible to use the information to determine the parameters of tropical cyclone movement.","PeriodicalId":37647,"journal":{"name":"Fundamentalnaya i Prikladnaya Gidrofizika","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135781158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Doppler effect and Rossby waves in the ocean: A brief history and new approaches","authors":"V. G. Gnevyshev, T. V. Belonenko","doi":"10.59887/2073-6673.2023.16(3)-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59887/2073-6673.2023.16(3)-6","url":null,"abstract":"The review is devoted to Rossby waves in the ocean. Currently, there are many monographs and scientific articles on this topic, in which the authors approach the presentation of the material in different ways. For researchers who have not delved too deeply into this topic, the analysis of these sources is often perceived as a collection of disparate and often contradictory information that does not allow an adequate understanding of the subject. The review is based on the analysis of the main publications on this topic, and it systematizes the main ideas in various aspects. We also give the readers a comparison of different approaches in this area. Particular attention is paid to the review of the dispersion relations of Rossby waves in the presence of a background flow with an emphasis on the presence or absence of a Doppler additive to the frequency. Although the problem statements and variance ratios under consideration are generally well-known, however, they are presented in significantly different ways by many authors, which often leads to misunderstanding and confusion. We draw the reader’s attention to the key controversial points and bring various approaches into a single coherent system. If long Rossby waves do not “feel” the flow, then this is true for the “shallow water” model and is a consequence of the Galilean non-invariance of the dispersion relation. Considering various approaches, we show that there is no strict dispersion relation for the Galilean-non-invariant dispersion relation. Some not quite strict assumptions and assumptions are always added, such as the formal existence of vertical boundaries or the dependence of the barotropic radius on the variable transverse coordinate. The derivation of the dispersion relation with the Doppler shift also contains some asymptotic expansions, accompanied by an analysis of the theory of dimensions. Using common terminology, we combine the main analytical results on the topic and present them in a single logic.","PeriodicalId":37647,"journal":{"name":"Fundamentalnaya i Prikladnaya Gidrofizika","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135781159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simulation of landslide tsunami in the Russian Far East based on 3D Navier–Stokes equations","authors":"A. S. Kozelkov, L. M. Bogomolov, V. V. Smaznov, V. V. Kurulin, E. S. Tyatyushkina","doi":"10.59887/2073-6673.2023.16(3)-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59887/2073-6673.2023.16(3)-3","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents the results of modeling landslide tsunamis near the Kamchatka Peninsula in part of the Pacific Ocean. The paper describes the model based on the three-dimensional (3D) Navier–Stokes equations. The model is supplemented with the rheological relation based on the Bingham model to account for the rheology of landslide masses. The paper proposes a modification of the classical Bingham model with a non-zero yield strength, which implies that the medium is at rest or it moves as a solid (body) in the absence of a tension in the medium exceeding this limit. The application of the classical model is impossible within the framework of the used equation system. The paper proposes its modification, which consists in the possibility of changing the yield strength to zero value by adding a linear function to a given shear rate, until which the fluid flows as Newtonian and after reaching it, the flow conditions of the substance obeys Bingham’s law. An original algorithm is used to simulate waves in real water areas, it implements open boundary conditions. The algorithm is based on the use of a damping boundary layer that absorbs the kinetic energy of the incoming wave, which is taken into account using an additional source in the angular momentum equation. A method is proposed for determining the resistance coefficient, the value of which determines the intensity of absorption of the kinetic energy of the wave. The used mathematical model makes it possible to model in a single way the occurrence, propagation and rolling on shore of tsunami waves of landslide origin. The results of modeling of an underwater landslide in the waters of the Kamchatka Bay near the city of Ust-Kamchatsk are presented, taking into account bathymetric date. The paper includes the analysis of dependence of wave heights on the volume of landslide in the zone of its initial position and at several points of the coast, as well as sections of the coast (in particular on Bering Island), which may be most severely affected by the occurrence of landslide tsunamis in this water area.","PeriodicalId":37647,"journal":{"name":"Fundamentalnaya i Prikladnaya Gidrofizika","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135781844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}