{"title":"Beams for the Intensity Frontier of Particle Physics","authors":"R. Tschirhart","doi":"10.1142/S1793626813300016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/S1793626813300016","url":null,"abstract":"Advances in high intensity beams have driven particle physics forward since the inception of the field. State-of-the-art and next generation high intensity beams will drive experiments searching for ultrarare processes sensitive through quantum corrections to new particle states far beyond the reach of direct production in foreseeable beam colliders. The recent discovery of the ultrarare B meson decay Bs → μμ, with a branching fraction of 3 × 10-9 for example, has set stringent limits on new physics within direct reach of the Large Hadron Collider. Today, even in the context of the Higgs boson discovery, observation of finite neutrino masses is the only laboratory evidence of physics beyond the Standard Model of particle physics. The tiny mass scale of neutrinos may foretell and one day expose physics that connects quarks and leptons together at the \"grand unification\" scale and may be the portal through which our world came to the matter-dominated state so different from conditions we expect in the early universe. Here we describe next generation neutrino and rare processes experiments that will deeply probe these and other questions central to the field of particle physics.","PeriodicalId":376234,"journal":{"name":"Reviews of Accelerator Science and Technology","volume":"87 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116249785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Advanced Accelerators for Medical Applications","authors":"M. Uesaka, K. Koyama","doi":"10.1142/S1793626816300115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/S1793626816300115","url":null,"abstract":"We review advanced accelerators for medical applications with respect to the following key technologies: (i) higher RF electron linear accelerator (hereafter “linac”); (ii) optimization of alignment for the proton linac, cyclotron and synchrotron; (iii) superconducting magnet; (iv) laser technology. Advanced accelerators for medical applications are categorized into two groups. The first group consists of compact medical linacs with high RF, cyclotrons and synchrotrons downsized by optimization of alignment and superconducting magnets. The second group comprises laser-based acceleration systems aimed of medical applications in the future. Laser plasma electron/ion accelerating systems for cancer therapy and laser dielectric accelerating systems for radiation biology are mentioned. Since the second group has important potential for a compact system, the current status of the established energy and intensity and of the required stability are given.","PeriodicalId":376234,"journal":{"name":"Reviews of Accelerator Science and Technology","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133491131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Particle Colliders for High Energy Physics","authors":"D. Edwards, H. Edwards","doi":"10.1142/S179362680800006X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/S179362680800006X","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this article is to outline the development of particle colliders from their inception just over a half-century ago, expand on today's achievements, and remark on the potential of coming years. There are three main sections, entitled \"Past,\" \"Present,\" and \"Future.\" \"Past\" starts with the electron and electron–positron colliders of the 1950s, continues through the proton rings at CERN, and concludes with LEP. Technology development enters the section Present, \"which includes not only the major colliders in both the lepton and baryon worlds, but also recognition of the near-immediate entry of the Large Hadron Collider. \"Future\" looks at the next potential steps, the most prominent of which is an electron–positron partner to the LHC, but there are other very interesting propositions undergoing exploration that include muon storage and even conceivably departure from reliance on radio frequency acceleration.","PeriodicalId":376234,"journal":{"name":"Reviews of Accelerator Science and Technology","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125137947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Electromagnetic Radiation in Accelerator Physics","authors":"Gennady Stupakov","doi":"10.1142/S179362681000035X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/S179362681000035X","url":null,"abstract":"This article reviews some fundamental concepts and presents several recent techniques used for calculation of radiation in various environments. They include properties of longitudinal and transverse formation lengths of radiation, usage of the parabolic equation and the Kirchhoff diffraction integral in radiation, coherent radiation and fluctuations in the beam, and the radiative reaction force resulting from coherent radiation.","PeriodicalId":376234,"journal":{"name":"Reviews of Accelerator Science and Technology","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131274089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Charge Strippers of Heavy Ions for High Intensity Accelerators","authors":"J. Nolen, F. Marti","doi":"10.1142/S1793626813300107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/S1793626813300107","url":null,"abstract":"Charge strippers play a critical role in many high intensity heavy ion accelerators. Here we present some history of recent stripper technology development and indicate the capabilities and limitations of the various approaches. The properties of solid, gaseous, and liquid strippers are covered. In particular, the limitations of solid strippers for high intensity, high atomic number heavy ions and the unique features of helium gas and liquid lithium for high intensity applications are covered. The need for high quality simulation of stripper performance as important input for system optimization is explained and examples of the current simulation codes are given.","PeriodicalId":376234,"journal":{"name":"Reviews of Accelerator Science and Technology","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133885521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"CERN: From Birth to Success","authors":"H. Schopper","doi":"10.1142/S1793626811000598","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/S1793626811000598","url":null,"abstract":"A historical review is given of the development of CERN from its foundation to the present from the personal viewpoint of the author.","PeriodicalId":376234,"journal":{"name":"Reviews of Accelerator Science and Technology","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125064184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Next Generation of X-ray Sources","authors":"C. Pellegrini","doi":"10.1142/S1793626810000452","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/S1793626810000452","url":null,"abstract":"We discuss recent results on soft and hard X-ray free electron lasers (FELs) and how they can be used to design and optimize the next generation of these sources of high brightness, coherent photons, with femtosecond pulse duration, or very narrow linewidth. In particular, we consider the experimental and theoretical progress in the electron beam generation and manipulation. These results, when combined with the successful development of powerful simulation codes, can be used to design optimized, high intensity sources of coherent photons, and to reduce their size and cost.","PeriodicalId":376234,"journal":{"name":"Reviews of Accelerator Science and Technology","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116691963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Superconducting Radio-Frequency Systems for High-β Particle Accelerators","authors":"S. Belomestnykh","doi":"10.1142/S179362681230006X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/S179362681230006X","url":null,"abstract":"This article addresses the physics and engineering of the superconducting radio-frequency systems for high-β particle accelerators. I consider different geometries for cavities, discuss criteria for optimization, and options for higher-order mode damping. In reviewing recent progress in the field, SRF systems are classified according to the functions they perform. These systems are fundamental RF accelerating systems, deflecting/crab cavities, harmonic RF systems, and SRF photoemission electron guns.","PeriodicalId":376234,"journal":{"name":"Reviews of Accelerator Science and Technology","volume":"05 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130681579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"G. I. Budker: Brilliant Physicist, Great Scientific Leader","authors":"A. Skrinsky","doi":"10.1142/S1793626810000385","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/S1793626810000385","url":null,"abstract":"In this brief article I present my memories and impressions of academician G. I. Budker (1918–1977), the brilliant physicist and outstanding leader of scientific research.","PeriodicalId":376234,"journal":{"name":"Reviews of Accelerator Science and Technology","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124466012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Dielectric Laser Accelerators: Designs, Experiments, and Applications","authors":"K. Wootton, J. Mcneur, K. Leedle","doi":"10.1142/S179362681630005X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/S179362681630005X","url":null,"abstract":"Novel laser-powered accelerating structures at the miniaturized scale of an optical wavelength (∼1μm) open a pathway to high repetition rate, attosecond scale electron bunches that can be accelerated with gradients exceeding 1 GeV/m. Although the theoretical and computational study of dielectric laser accelerators dates back many decades, recently the first experimental realizations of this novel class of accelerators have been demonstrated. We review recent developments in fabrication, testing, and demonstration of these micron scale devices. In particular, prospects for applications of this accelerator technology are evaluated.","PeriodicalId":376234,"journal":{"name":"Reviews of Accelerator Science and Technology","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128131826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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