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International Journal of Sustainable Economy最新文献

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Sustainable Petroleum Supply Chains created during economic crisis in response to US government policies 在经济危机期间为响应美国政府政策而创建的可持续石油供应链
International Journal of Sustainable Economy Pub Date : 2020-11-24 DOI: 10.1504/ijse.2020.10032275
Davoud Ghahremanlou, W. Kubiak
{"title":"Sustainable Petroleum Supply Chains created during economic crisis in response to US government policies","authors":"Davoud Ghahremanlou, W. Kubiak","doi":"10.1504/ijse.2020.10032275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijse.2020.10032275","url":null,"abstract":"Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and the Saudi Arabia-Russia Oil Price War have created economic catastrophe. This crippled the US sustainable petroleum supply chain (SPSC), which is created in response to government policies, as a solution to global warming and achieving energy independency. Government and investors are striving to rescue the SPSC from bankruptcy. This motivated us to investigate creating a robust SPSC. Thus we extended the risk neutral study performed by Ghahremanlou and Kubiak (2020a) for regular economic conditions. To that end, we propose a risk averse approach by applying conditional value-at-risk (CVaR) and developing a two-stage stochastic programming model. We conduct a case study in Nebraska and provide investment decisions that can withstand economic crises. Our results show that for the survival of the SPSC, government must at least consider 2.151 $/gal tax credit for US cellulosic bioethanol blended with gasoline, and push the blend wall to at least 15%.","PeriodicalId":37548,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sustainable Economy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47807620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Development indicators for the EU's internal energy market - literature review 欧盟内部能源市场的发展指标-文献综述
International Journal of Sustainable Economy Pub Date : 2020-11-24 DOI: 10.1504/ijse.2020.111544
Alenka Lena Klopčič, Jana Hojnik, Mitja Ruzzier, J. Dolšak
{"title":"Development indicators for the EU's internal energy market - literature review","authors":"Alenka Lena Klopčič, Jana Hojnik, Mitja Ruzzier, J. Dolšak","doi":"10.1504/ijse.2020.111544","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijse.2020.111544","url":null,"abstract":"This paper focuses on the second dimension of the EU Commission's energy strategy - development of the fully integrated European energy market and reviews prior research on market development indicators and the methods used to assess the state of energy market development as well as aims to determine the role of regulation on energy market development. A systematic literature review covers 80 topic-relevant papers. The main findings reveal that the majority of articles refer to the effects of market reforms or market liberalisation and the adaptation of energy systems to a greater penetration of renewable energy sources into existing power systems, and the energy transition to low carbon in general. There is still substantial potential to achieve an optimal, or rather a unified, model for assessment of the overall development of the energy market, since the indicators and methods of market development have not yet been universally accepted.","PeriodicalId":37548,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sustainable Economy","volume":"12 1","pages":"233"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45367263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Unemployment and economic growth in South Africa: a re-examination 南非的失业与经济增长:再考察
International Journal of Sustainable Economy Pub Date : 2020-09-29 DOI: 10.1504/ijse.2020.10029670
Zodwa Xesibe, S. Nyasha
{"title":"Unemployment and economic growth in South Africa: a re-examination","authors":"Zodwa Xesibe, S. Nyasha","doi":"10.1504/ijse.2020.10029670","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijse.2020.10029670","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we have empirically examined the impact of unemployment on economic growth in South Africa, using time series data from 1994Q1 to 2017Q4. The study made use of the error correction model in determining the relationship between unemployment and economic growth. In addition to economic growth and unemployment, four control variables were added to the model. These were government expenditure, inflation, investment and household final consumption expenditure. Using the error correction model (ECM), the results of the study reveal that there is a negative relationship between unemployment and economic growth in South Africa. An increase in unemployment in South Africa would reduce the rate of economic growth. Based on the research findings, where unemployment was found to have a negative impact on economic growth in the study country, the South African authorities responsible for economic policy are recommended to formulate and enhance policies that aim at reducing unemployment in the country.","PeriodicalId":37548,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sustainable Economy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46431732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
The role of carbon footprint indicator for sustainable implications in tourism industry - case study of Bulgaria 碳足迹指标对旅游业可持续影响的作用——以保加利亚为例
International Journal of Sustainable Economy Pub Date : 2020-06-19 DOI: 10.1504/ijse.2020.10030072
Teodoro Gallucci, V. Dimitrova
{"title":"The role of carbon footprint indicator for sustainable implications in tourism industry - case study of Bulgaria","authors":"Teodoro Gallucci, V. Dimitrova","doi":"10.1504/ijse.2020.10030072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijse.2020.10030072","url":null,"abstract":"In the last years, the interest in the environmental issues in tourism activities is growing and several initiatives have been promoted to improve the trends for reducing the environmental impact. These considerations underline the necessity of boosting research studies aiming at implementing correct management of the touristic destinations in the light of sustainability. The objective of this study is characterised by two sub-goal: firstly has been shown how to calculate the environmental carbon footprint (CF) indicator hotels located in the Golden Sands Resort, a few km from the City of Varna (Bulgaria), and secondly have been highlighted how the analysis of this environmental indicator became useful in supporting and proposing improvements, both managerial and environmental or to suggest green marketing strategy performing sustainable tourism in Bulgaria.","PeriodicalId":37548,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sustainable Economy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41784812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
The impact of government expenditure on GDP in the State of Qatar: a nonlinear ARDL approach 卡塔尔国政府支出对国内生产总值的影响:非线性ARDL方法
International Journal of Sustainable Economy Pub Date : 2020-06-19 DOI: 10.1504/ijse.2020.10028916
A. Eid
{"title":"The impact of government expenditure on GDP in the State of Qatar: a nonlinear ARDL approach","authors":"A. Eid","doi":"10.1504/ijse.2020.10028916","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijse.2020.10028916","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the long run relationship between government expenditure and the GDP in the State of Qatar with a focus on the non-mining and quarrying GDP during the period 1980-2017 using the nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag (NARDL) model. The NARDL model results show an asymmetric impact of government expenditure fluctuations as the increase in both government current and capital expenditures leads to a positive and significant effect on the Qatari's non-mining GDP, whereas the decrease in both types of government expenditure does not significantly affect the non-mining and quarrying GDP. This leads us to conclude that the non-mining and quarrying GDP is unresponsive to government budget cuts. The previous result should encourage policymakers to make bold budget cut decisions, when needed, without being afraid of the potential negative effects on non-mining and quarrying GDP.","PeriodicalId":37548,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sustainable Economy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48916403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Optimal tax rates in South Africa: new empirical insights to the existing debate 南非的最佳税率：对现有辩论的新经验见解
International Journal of Sustainable Economy Pub Date : 2020-06-19 DOI: 10.1504/ijse.2020.10029672
Kambale Kavese, A. Phiri
{"title":"Optimal tax rates in South Africa: new empirical insights to the existing debate","authors":"Kambale Kavese, A. Phiri","doi":"10.1504/ijse.2020.10029672","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijse.2020.10029672","url":null,"abstract":"The current study contributes to the existing debate on optimal taxes in South Africa by estimating Scully's optimal tax framework using the ARDL framework applied to quarterly data collected between 2002Q1-2017Q4. Notably, our study differs from previous studies in two ways. Firstly, our current study distinguishes between revenue-maximising and growth-maximising optimal tax rates. Secondly, we go beyond the traditional reliance on aggregated tax rates and provided optimal tax estimates for six sub-categories of tax rates employed by South African fiscal authorities (i.e., taxes on income, profit and capital, taxes on property, VAT, general fuel levy, excise duty, and taxes on international trade). Our empirical results indicate that fiscal authorities have generally implemented revenue-maximising tax policy during economic recessions whilst leaning towards growth-maximising tax rates during expansions periods. Based on these findings, the paper manifests policy advice for South African fiscal authorities in their quest for improving the country's economic performance.","PeriodicalId":37548,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sustainable Economy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44492641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The impact of sovereign credit rating changes on government bond yields in South Africa 南非主权信用评级变化对政府债券收益率的影响
International Journal of Sustainable Economy Pub Date : 2020-06-19 DOI: 10.1504/ijse.2020.10029671
Misheck Mutize, M. Nkhalamba
{"title":"The impact of sovereign credit rating changes on government bond yields in South Africa","authors":"Misheck Mutize, M. Nkhalamba","doi":"10.1504/ijse.2020.10029671","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijse.2020.10029671","url":null,"abstract":"This study applies an event study analysis on Standard % Poor's (S%P), Fitch and Moody's sovereign credit ratings for South Africa over the period 2007 to 2018 to investigate the impact of long-term foreign currency sovereign credit ratings changes on 30-year sovereign bond yield. Results of the analysis find a generally significant increase in bond yields before, during and after credit rating downgrades and negative outlook events. However, there was no statistically significant impact on bond yields associated with upgrades and positive outlook events. It is thus concluded that investors in South Africa's long-term bonds are more sensitive to negative credit rating events, which are mainly driven by structural problems in the economy. This paper recommends monetary and fiscal authorities to address the concerns raised by rating agencies in review reports leading to negative outlook and downgrades before they become more apparent to trigger negative rating actions.","PeriodicalId":37548,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sustainable Economy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43837442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Dynamics of natural capital in neoclassical growth model 新古典增长模型中的自然资本动态
International Journal of Sustainable Economy Pub Date : 2020-06-19 DOI: 10.1504/ijse.2020.10030085
Marta Kornafel, Ivan Telega
{"title":"Dynamics of natural capital in neoclassical growth model","authors":"Marta Kornafel, Ivan Telega","doi":"10.1504/ijse.2020.10030085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijse.2020.10030085","url":null,"abstract":"The goal of this paper is to consider the growth model in relation to natural capital dynamics to identify the existence of stable equilibria with positive natural capital stock. The main question is whether sustainable economic growth is possible with the increasing consumption of materials. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work that implicitly considers investments in natural capital within growth theory framework and points to their key role in maintaining a constant stock of natural capital. We use 'back to basics' approach. We examine the dynamics of the standard Solow growth model extended by the presence of natural capital being modelled in the form of an aggregated renewable resource. It occurs that even if the efficiency of investments in natural capital is relatively low, it is possible to maintain natural capital at a constant level, but this requires a slowdown in the accumulation of man-made capital.","PeriodicalId":37548,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sustainable Economy","volume":"19 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41248596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Wealth inequality and entrepreneurial activity in South Africa 南非的财富不平等和创业活动
International Journal of Sustainable Economy Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1504/ijse.2020.10029718
B. Urban
{"title":"Wealth inequality and entrepreneurial activity in South Africa","authors":"B. Urban","doi":"10.1504/ijse.2020.10029718","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijse.2020.10029718","url":null,"abstract":"The article investigates the relationship between wealth inequality and entrepreneurial activity. It is widely recognised that South Africa's main sustainability issues remain it's extremely high inequality. Within the framework of sustainable development lies sustainable enterprise development where entrepreneurship has been shown to contribute considerably to sustainability through job creation, economic growth and more equal income distribution. The study relies on panel data, namely the South African National Income Dynamics Study to formally test the study hypotheses. Results indicate that increased wealth inequality is not significantly increasing entrepreneurship activity in South Africa. However there is a positive and significant relationship between wealth inequality and entrepreneurship for those at the bottom of the wealth distribution. The study makes an important contribution by highlighting that public policy aimed at increasing entrepreneurship while decreasing inequality may not be entirely consistent, given the complex relationship between wealth inequality and entrepreneurial activity.","PeriodicalId":37548,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sustainable Economy","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66723421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
International credit rating agencies in Africa: perceptions, trends and challenges 非洲的国际信用评级机构:看法、趋势和挑战
International Journal of Sustainable Economy Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1504/ijse.2020.10031432
Misheck Mutize, M. Nkhalamba
{"title":"International credit rating agencies in Africa: perceptions, trends and challenges","authors":"Misheck Mutize, M. Nkhalamba","doi":"10.1504/ijse.2020.10031432","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijse.2020.10031432","url":null,"abstract":"This research examines the perceptions, trends and challenges of the influence of international rating agencies on national economic affairs in African states. A descriptive analysis of independent reports published on international sovereign credit ratings and a survey on the financial bodies of the African Union as well as consultations with the three international credit rating agencies show that there is diminishing confidence in operations rating agencies in Africa. However, despite the criticisms of deficiencies in methodologies, operations and regulation of credit rating agencies, results show that they significantly remain as the best available source of credible of risk information for emerging economies to access international capital. It is therefore concluded that the information manufacturing and opinion-leading role of rating agencies remain critical to capital flow and economic development. Thus, the study recommends that African countries implement a multi-stakeholder approach to engagement rating agencies on reviewing the methodologies, indicators and the rating process as traditional methods and indicators are discounting the potential embedded in emerging economies resulting in poor credit ratings.","PeriodicalId":37548,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sustainable Economy","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66723478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
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