Proceedings of the 6th World Congress on Civil, Structural, and Environmental Engineering最新文献

{"title":"Characterization and Mechanism Analysis of Alkali-Silica Reaction in Cementitious Materials","authors":"Qingli Dai","doi":"10.11159/icsect21.lx.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11159/icsect21.lx.002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":375467,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 6th World Congress on Civil, Structural, and Environmental Engineering","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131288506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prioritizing Delay Causes in the Egyptian Building Construction Projects","authors":"N. Elshaboury, Hassan Alaa, A. Al-Sakkaf, Ghasan Alfalah, E. M. Abdelkader","doi":"10.11159/icsect21.lx.103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11159/icsect21.lx.103","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":375467,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 6th World Congress on Civil, Structural, and Environmental Engineering","volume":"74 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126181680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Behaviour of a Structure within a Cluster of Structures in Earthquakes","authors":"N. Chouw","doi":"10.11159/icsect21.lx.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11159/icsect21.lx.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":375467,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 6th World Congress on Civil, Structural, and Environmental Engineering","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121106797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In Situ Bioremediation of Contaminated Soil and Ground Water; Lab Optimization Leads to Functional Combinations at Field Sites","authors":"M. Romantschuk","doi":"10.11159/iceptp21.lx.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11159/iceptp21.lx.003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":375467,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 6th World Congress on Civil, Structural, and Environmental Engineering","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134274128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Applications of Electrokinetic Remediation inEnvironmental Restoration","authors":"Ikrema Hassan","doi":"10.11159/iceptp21.lx.103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11159/iceptp21.lx.103","url":null,"abstract":"Electrokinetic remediation (EK) is well developed technique for removing pollutants and remediation of contaminated sites. EK has been utilized in mitigation of contamination with heavy metal (heavy metal mobilization) and hydrocarbon removal (degradation by bioremediation coupled with EK). Recently EK has been introduced in the field of desalination of saline water and remediation of sludge from wastewater. The past decade has seen a remarkable number of innovations in the exponentially growing field of remediation. The principles of the EK remediation in desalination of saline water and remediation of wastewater sludge are outlined and discussed. The contaminant removal mechanisms and the phenomena associated with EK are presented. Also, the challenges facing electrokinetic remediation are reviewed including the development of pH gradient between the electrodes, the corrosion of electrode materials and the power required for EK remediation. This manuscript covers a review on key aspects of application of EK in desalination, wastewater and bioremediation. The discussion includes, various types of EK, the contaminants and their removal mechanisms, challenges and opportunities, electrode materials, applications and theory with a focus on the use of solar power in EK applications. The use of solar panels to generate electricity for EK can result in reducing the cost of the treatment and minimizing the adverse environmental impact of using hydropower. Innovations and techniques used in controlling pH gradient in EK remediation are discussed. In addition, an attempt has been taken to project future advances in the field of EK and facilitate these advances by framing key unsolved problems in EK and potential research areas. This review covers the challenges facing EK application and the advantages and disadvantages of the proposed solutions. Also, evaluation of the current state-of-the-art of EK technology is provided.","PeriodicalId":375467,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 6th World Congress on Civil, Structural, and Environmental Engineering","volume":"192 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134378734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Superhydrophobic and Oleophilic Polymeric Open Cellular Foams for Efficient Oil/Water Separation","authors":"Yifeng Huang, Chul B. Park","doi":"10.11159/iceptp21.lx.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11159/iceptp21.lx.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":375467,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 6th World Congress on Civil, Structural, and Environmental Engineering","volume":"148 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115872113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Deep Excavations on Adjacent Structures and Importance of Deep Excavation Support","authors":"Nagham Ghamraoui, D. Tabbal","doi":"10.11159/icgre21.lx.110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11159/icgre21.lx.110","url":null,"abstract":"When deeply excavating close to existing structures, displacements in the soil under the base of the existing structure will occur. Therefore, considerable settlement will take place. Accordingly, it’s so necessary to understand and evaluate the soil’s behavior for excavations adjacent to existing structures. The goal of this paper is to evaluate the response of structures when deeply excavating near them. Finite Element models are generated using both 2D and 3D PLAXIS software. The excavation is reinforced by diaphragm walls, struts, and wales. The influence of the supporting system on the adjacent existing structure is examined and analyzed in details. A parametric study is carried out to examinate the factors that may have influence on the excavation. For the final step, some conclusions and recommendations of future researches will be sorted out.","PeriodicalId":375467,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 6th World Congress on Civil, Structural, and Environmental Engineering","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130198522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biotechnological Recovery of Zinc from Low-Grade Sulfide Concentrate during Two-Step Processing","authors":"M. Muravyov","doi":"10.11159/iceptp21.lx.301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11159/iceptp21.lx.301","url":null,"abstract":"Extended Abstract Biohydrometallurgical processes are based on leaching of nonferrous metals from sulfidic ores and concentrates in ferric iron containing sulfuric acid media with application of acidophilic chemolithotrophic microorganisms. Bioleaching of sulfide sources is used for decades around the world for recovery of metals [1]. Biohydrometallurgy has many advantages over conventional chemical hydrometallurgy and pyrometallurgy that include (i) lower cost, (ii) low environmental impact, (iii) generation of less hazardous waste, and (iv) no need for toxic chemicals and high energy. The environmental benefits of biohydrometallurgical processing of copper-zinc concentrates based on the use of acidophilic microorganisms were previously shown [2, 3]. Zinc concentrates produced from polymetallic sulfide ores of the Urals region (Russia) by flotation methods contain large amounts of iron and copper. Their further processing at metallurgical enterprises is therefore accompanied by significant losses of nonferrous metals in slags. Metal leaching from sulfides at elevated temperatures, using ferric sulfate solutions generated during biooxidation with acidophilic microorganisms (two-step process), can be promising for processing of the low-grade zinc concentrates. A flotation sulfide concentrate used in this study contained 43.3% of zinc, 2.03% of copper, and 13.6% of iron. The main minerals of the concentrate were sphalerite, pyrrhotite, and chalcopyrite. Ferric leaching during 14.3 hours at 80 °C, pH of 1.3, initial Fe concentration of 25 g/L, pulp density of 10% allowed to recover 92.3% of zinc and 51.6% of copper into the aqueous phase. Biooxidation of the ferric leaching products (leach solution and leach residue) during 21 days under batch conditions at 40 °C, pH of 0.6–2.0, pulp density of 10% by consortium of acidophilic microorganisms containing Acidithibacillus caldus, Leptospirillum ferriphilum, Ferroplasma acidiphilum, Sulfobacillus thermotolerans, S. thermosulfidooxidans, and Cuniculiplasma sp. led to an increase in zinc and copper recoveries up to 98.6 and 69.0%, respectively. The biooxidation residue was mainly composed of jarosite and gypsum and contained 0.52% of zinc, 0.55% of copper, and 0.40% of elemental sulfur. Therefore, this residue can be considered inert dump waste. The final oxidation levels (compared to the original concentrate) of pyrrhotite and sphalerite reached the highest values among sulfide minerals since these minerals have low rest potentials in comparison with chalcopyrite. Chalcopyrite is normally highly refractory to biooxidation in acidic media containing ferric iron. The ferrous iron in the leach solution can also be oxidized within 4 days by the same consortium of microorganisms at the pulp density of 1%. It allows to bioregenerate the oxidizer more rapidly for the ferric leaching step. Therefore, the two-step processing of low-grade zinc sulfide concentrate based on biohydrometallurgical approach was found t","PeriodicalId":375467,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 6th World Congress on Civil, Structural, and Environmental Engineering","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129551953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seismic Risk Assessment for Earth Slopes and Dams","authors":"E. Rathje","doi":"10.11159/icgre21.lx.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11159/icgre21.lx.001","url":null,"abstract":"Seismic risk assessments for earth slopes and dams are based on evaluating the permanent displacements induced by earthquake shaking and more recently probabilistic approaches have been proposed to incorporate uncertainties into the analysis. This presentation will describe newly developed predictive models for earthquake-induced slope displacements based on finite element simulations. The models are developed using both classical regression techniques and artificial neural networks (ANN), and models for both the median displacement and its variability are provided. A missing part of most seismic risk assessments for slopes and dams is the translation of a displacement level into a damage state. This presentation will also outline a seismic fragility framework for earth dams and slopes that is modeled after the approaches used for other types of infrastructure, such as bridges. The framework uses an engineering demand model to predict the permanent displacement as a function of ground motion intensity, and a seismic capacity model to predict the probability of a damage state given the permanent settlement.","PeriodicalId":375467,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 6th World Congress on Civil, Structural, and Environmental Engineering","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115452129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evolution of Transient Saturated Zones and Stability Analysis of High\u0000Liquid Limit Red Clay Slope under Rainfall Conditions","authors":"X. Qiu","doi":"10.11159/icgre21.lx.113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11159/icgre21.lx.113","url":null,"abstract":"Extended Abstract High liquid limit red clay (HLLRC) is widely distributed in southern China. Under the influence of long-term humid and hot environment, the shallow landslide of HLLRC cut slopes frequently occurs and it is difficult to control, which seriously affects traffic safety and smoothness . Studies have shown that under rainfall conditions, some temporally and spatially evolving transient saturated zones will form inside the slope, which will cause the continuous degradation of the rock and soil mechanical properties of the slope in this zone, and eventually cause the slope to instability . Therefore, exploring the evolution of the transient saturation zone of HLLRC slopes under rainfall conditions can provide an effective theoretical basis for HLLRC slopes stability analysis. To explore the evolution characteristics of the transient saturated zone of HLLRC cut slopes under rainfall conditions, this paper carried out numerical simulation calculations of rainfall infiltration on cut slopes under different conditions based on saturated unsaturated seepage theory . The formation conditions of the transient saturation zone under different rainfall conditions and the influence of factors such as rainfall intensity, soil saturated permeability coefficient, slope gradient on the evolution characteristics of the transient saturation zone were analyzed. Starting from the relationship between the potential sliding surface of the HLLRC cut slope and the position of the transient saturated zone, a slope stability coefficient calculation formula that can consider both the transient water pressure and the soil strength in the unsaturated zone was derived. A slope stability analysis program that can automatically search for the location of the sliding surface is developed, and the program is used to study the safety factor and instability mode evolution law of a HLLRC cut slope. The results show that the rainfall intensity greater than or equal to the soil saturated permeability coefficient and soil and the continuous penetration of rainwater into the pores of the saturated soil are two important conditions for the formation of the transient saturated zone. In the early stage of rainfall, the shallow soil of the slope reaches saturation first, and gradually forms a transient saturation zone. As the rainfall continues, the transient saturation zone expands towards the foot of the slope. After the rainfall ceases, the water pressure and volumetric water content of the soil pores above the groundwater level will continue to decrease, and the groundwater level will continue to rise, eventually converging with the transient saturation zone. In addition, under different conditions, the area of the transient saturation zone first gradually increased, then increased rapidly, then stabilized, and finally decreased gradually with the increase of rainfall duration. At the same time, a slope stability calculation method based on the improved Swedish arc method is","PeriodicalId":375467,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 6th World Congress on Civil, Structural, and Environmental Engineering","volume":"2675 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130454501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}