Howard Journal of Crime and Justice最新文献

{"title":"The Welsh criminal justice system: On the jagged edge By R. Jones, R.W. Jones, Cardiff: University of Wales Press. 2022. pp. 292. £24.99 (pbk); £24.99 (ebk). ISBN: 9781786839435; 9781786839442","authors":"Cara L.C. Hunter","doi":"10.1111/hojo.12526","DOIUrl":"10.1111/hojo.12526","url":null,"abstract":"<p><i>The Welsh criminal justice system: On the jagged edge</i> is a compelling read, groundbreaking in its exposition of the unique formations of the Welsh criminal justice system (WCJS). It is the first academic mapping of the contemporary WCJS and, indeed, the first academic work to establish the <i>existence</i> of a distinct justice system under current devolution arrangements. Although criminal justice remains reserved to the UK government, the authors set out in robust detail the extent to which criminal justice cuts across devolved and reserved competencies in its enmeshment with the wider network of devolved social policy. In addition to establishing the <i>existence</i> of a distinct criminal justice system in Wales, the book's core argument is that this constitutionally forged ‘jagged edge’ of competencies constrains practitioners, the Welsh <i>and</i> UK governments, and ultimately prevents coherent criminal justice reform.</p><p>Chapter 1 sets out the nature of Welsh devolution, and the unorthodox – and in many ways incoherent – evolution to present constitutional arrangements. Welsh devolution sits upon a ‘two legged stool’ (departing from the traditional ‘three legged’ Westminster model) with an independent executive and legislature but no independent judiciary (the missing third leg). Instead of this third leg, the stool balances upon a ‘jagged edge’, that is, WCJS responsibilities which are scattered across the ‘England and Wales’ and ‘Wales’ levels. Welsh criminal justice is consequently the result of difficult – at times virtually impossible – collaboration of UK and Welsh governments and practitioners. The argument posed here is the book's central thesis: the constitutional foundations of the Welsh criminal justice system are such that coherent policy or ameliorative reform are <i>significantly</i> constrained. Though the book concludes with a hopeful discussion of what can be done while constitutional arrangements remain as they are, the central argument remains that a more just system requires different constitutional arrangements.</p><p>Chapter 2 is in itself a considerable contribution in its detailed account of the existing data on outcomes across criminal justice in Wales (recorded offending, policing, prosecution, imprisonment and reoffending rates). The authors note the scarcity of such data, particularly at the disaggregated level. This sparse and scattered data on Wales rather than ‘England and Wales’ (or, indeed, just England) is another of the jagged edge's consequences. While it is a comprehensive overview of the existing official data, the chapter calls for much more disaggregated and localised data collection on the WCJS. This existing ‘top-line’ data provides a limited picture - as acknowledged by the authors - but it highlights a range of concerning outcomes in Welsh criminal justice. While the book does not argue a causal link between constitutional arrangements and these outcomes (or imply that an independen","PeriodicalId":37514,"journal":{"name":"Howard Journal of Crime and Justice","volume":"62 2","pages":"286-288"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/hojo.12526","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47953128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Harm, injustice & technology: Reflections on the UK's subpostmasters’ case","authors":"M. R. McGuire,&nbsp;Karen Renaud","doi":"10.1111/hojo.12533","DOIUrl":"10.1111/hojo.12533","url":null,"abstract":"<p>One of the more striking recent miscarriages of justice was perpetrated by the UK's Post Office when subpostmasters and subpostmistresses were prosecuted for fraud that actually arose from malfunctioning software. Over 700 were victimised, losing homes and livelihoods. We first use a zemiological lens to examine the harms caused by these events at both a first and second-order range – referred to as ‘ripples’. Yet, the zemiological analysis, while useful in identifying the personal harms suffered by postmasters, is less successful in associating with some of the wider costs – especially to the justice system itself. Additional tools are required for identifying how technology might be culpable in the damage that unfolded. We use a technological injustice lens to augment the zemiological analysis, to reveal how and why technology can harm, especially when appropriate checks and balances are missing, and naïve belief in the infallibility of technological solutions prevails.</p>","PeriodicalId":37514,"journal":{"name":"Howard Journal of Crime and Justice","volume":"62 4","pages":"441-461"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/hojo.12533","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42233460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Looking for ‘emotional balance’ in desistance from crime: Testimonies from justice-involved individuals in French-speaking Switzerland","authors":"Aurélie Stoll","doi":"10.1111/hojo.12532","DOIUrl":"10.1111/hojo.12532","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This article is based on 48 interviews and five writing testimonies of 23 men convicted, incarcerated and released from high-security prisons in the French part of Switzerland. Through a longitudinal and phenomenological perspective, this contribution explores the role of affective states in desistance from crime. The findings show that giving up crime requires navigating through three ‘emotional seeds’ that qualify the most significant affective states of the desistance process: distress; disillusionment; and hope. Thus, this research develops the notion of ‘emotional balance’ in desistance from crime, which consists of being neither overwhelmed by one's feelings nor repressing them.</p>","PeriodicalId":37514,"journal":{"name":"Howard Journal of Crime and Justice","volume":"62 4","pages":"462-476"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48613997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Organisational justice and strain-based conflict among Nigerian prison officers","authors":"Morris Jenkins,&nbsp;Eric G. Lambert,&nbsp;O. Oko Elechi,&nbsp;Daniel Hall,&nbsp;Smart Otu,&nbsp;Jennifer L. Lanterman,&nbsp;Claire Barrington","doi":"10.1111/hojo.12525","DOIUrl":"10.1111/hojo.12525","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Most employees, including prison employees, want their employers to treat them fairly. Distributive justice (perceived fairness of outcomes) and procedural justice (perceived fairness of processes and procedures) are important dimensions of organisational justice. Limited research among correctional staff in the US suggests that views of distributive and procedural justice spill over and result in a strain-based form of work-family conflict. Strain-based conflict occurs when work problems follow a person home and create conflict at home. Based on multivariate regression analysis of survey data from 120 Nigerian prison staff, distributive justice had significant negative effects on the strain-based form of work-family conflict. Contrary to findings among US staff, procedural justice did not have a similar significant association. The connection between views of organisational justice and strain-based work-family conflict appears to vary by nation.</p>","PeriodicalId":37514,"journal":{"name":"Howard Journal of Crime and Justice","volume":"62 3","pages":"408-430"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46361885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to A developmental model of sentencing evolution: The emergence of the politics of probation in Chile","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/hojo.12524","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/hojo.12524","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Wilenmann, J. &amp; Gambardella, M. (2023) A developmental model of sentencing evolution: The emergence of the politics of probation in Chile<i>. The Howard Journal of Crime and Justice</i>, 62, 81–101. https://doi.org/10.1111/hojo.12510</p><p>In the above article, the author would like to replace figure 4 with the following new figure. The figure differs from the printed version because of a problem with the data. The updated figure 4 is as follows:</p><p>The author apologies for this error.</p>","PeriodicalId":37514,"journal":{"name":"Howard Journal of Crime and Justice","volume":"62 3","pages":"437"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/hojo.12524","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50155666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The mental health of staff working in UK prisons during the Covid-19 pandemic","authors":"Amina Memon,&nbsp;Ashley Hunt,&nbsp;Ellamay Thelwall,&nbsp;Nick Hardwick,&nbsp;Sverre Urnes Johnson","doi":"10.1111/hojo.12522","DOIUrl":"10.1111/hojo.12522","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This article presents the results of an opportunistic, cross-sectional, self-report survey of the well-being of staff working in prisons throughout the UK. The survey was completed by 594 participants in the early part of 2021 at the height of the Covid-19 pandemic. Self-report measures indicated concerning levels of burnout and 43.4% of participants were above the established cut-offs on the Generalised Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) scale. Eighty-one per cent reported that their mental and physical health had deteriorated and many said emotional support was lacking. Further research is required to establish how typical and persistent these concerns are.</p>","PeriodicalId":37514,"journal":{"name":"Howard Journal of Crime and Justice","volume":"62 3","pages":"357-373"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/hojo.12522","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44033933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Life in the hole: The impact of solitary confinement in the United States","authors":"Eman Tadros,&nbsp;Amber Carufel,&nbsp;Jennifer Smith","doi":"10.1111/hojo.12523","DOIUrl":"10.1111/hojo.12523","url":null,"abstract":"<p>An estimated 84,000 incarcerated individuals face solitary confinement in the United States criminal justice system. Solitary confinement is seen as a cruel punishment, with lasting effects, for incarcerated individuals. Human rights organisations, medical associations, policymakers, and incarcerated people have argued for the discontinuation of solitary confinement. After being in solitary confinement for an extended period, incarcerated people can suffer worsening and future mental health issues, physical health concerns and issues with relationships during and after serving their time in prison. This article reviews the available research and the purpose of the article is to show the detrimental effects solitary confinement has on incarcerated individuals. Clinical and policy implications for prisons that use solitary confinement are discussed to dissuade usage.</p>","PeriodicalId":37514,"journal":{"name":"Howard Journal of Crime and Justice","volume":"62 3","pages":"374-390"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47486969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The palimpsest of outdoor penal labour in California, 1915–2000","authors":"Philip Goodman,&nbsp;Kaitlyn Quinn","doi":"10.1111/hojo.12503","DOIUrl":"10.1111/hojo.12503","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this article we examine the curious stability of outdoor penal labour in California in the 20th century against a shifting social and penal field. Analysing state archival data on prison highway and forestry camps between 1915 and 2000, we frame the persistence of these practices as evidence of a penal labour palimpsest. We demonstrate how the agency and interpretive innovation of penal administrators – as the architects and interpreters of this palimpsest – served as a stabilising mechanism akin to, but distinct from, existing theories of path dependence. Zooming out from the intricacies of the historical record, we position this case as revealing some of the limits of strict theories of path dependence and, instead, as offering a more dynamic understanding of the complex, intersecting and malleable ways in which history matters.</p>","PeriodicalId":37514,"journal":{"name":"Howard Journal of Crime and Justice","volume":"62 1","pages":"119-141"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44598257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Europeanisation of post-Soviet prisons: A comparative case study of prison policy transfer from Norway to Latvia and Lithuania","authors":"Nadejda Burciu","doi":"10.1111/hojo.12512","DOIUrl":"10.1111/hojo.12512","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Despite shared history and a common ambition to comply with European standards, post-Soviet countries differ in the way in which they reform prisons. By investigating two most-similar cases of policy transfer from Norway – the establishment of the Olaine Drug Centre in Latvia and the Pravieniškės Drug Unit in Lithuania – this article explains why outcomes diverge and how Western-European carceral individualism clashes with path-dependent carceral collectivism. Where leadership is unstable, with limited powers, the informal legacies are strong, and policy-transfer strategy is fragmented, as in Lithuania, the outcome is likely to be non-transformative. Where, on the contrary, leadership is stable, enjoying larger discretionary powers and the intervention strategy is holistic, as in Latvia, the import of foreign institutional models is likely to be successful.</p>","PeriodicalId":37514,"journal":{"name":"Howard Journal of Crime and Justice","volume":"62 1","pages":"102-118"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43716712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Community corrections at a critical juncture: Privatisation, race, and the redefinition of the community after Attica","authors":"Nicole Kaufman","doi":"10.1111/hojo.12505","DOIUrl":"10.1111/hojo.12505","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Critical junctures can propel a reorientation of state, civil society, and market. I examine this process during an influential historical moment in the early 1970s, when actors ranging from incarcerated organisers to political elites worked to redefine the role of community organisations in corrections. These efforts resulted in a policy privatising the delivery of community-based correctional services in the case I study in Wisconsin, USA. Using archival records, I demonstrate how this policy was situated in leaders’ anxieties about the control of Black men. I trace historically emergent relationships among racialised social control, privatisation and NGOs, which reverberate in the non-profit sector today. The research invites further examination of moments of contingency in criminal justice policy after exceptional violence by the state.</p>","PeriodicalId":37514,"journal":{"name":"Howard Journal of Crime and Justice","volume":"62 1","pages":"61-80"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/hojo.12505","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44246067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}