IZA Journal of Development and Migration最新文献_第5页

The Role of Social Capital in Shaping Europeans’ Immigration Sentiments 社会资本在塑造欧洲人移民情绪中的作用

IZA Journal of Development and Migration Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.2478/izajodm-2020-0003

C. Economidou, D. Karamanis, Alexandra Kechrinioti, S. Xesfingi

引用次数: 6

Farm-heterogeneity and persistent and transient productive efficiencies in Ethiopia’s smallholder cereal farming 埃塞俄比亚小农谷物农业的农业异质性和持续和短暂的生产效率

IZA Journal of Development and Migration Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.2478/izajodm-2020-0018

O. Berisso, A. Heshmati

引用次数: 0

International migratory agreements: the paradox of adverse interest 国际移徙协定：不利利益的悖论

IZA Journal of Development and Migration Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.2478/izajodm-2020-0020

J. Alonso, F. Arteaga

{"title":"International migratory agreements: the paradox of adverse interest","authors":"J. Alonso, F. Arteaga","doi":"10.2478/izajodm-2020-0020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/izajodm-2020-0020","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article seeks to explain the contradiction between the promises of welfare gains derived from the economic models recommending the removal of immigration restrictions and the realities experienced by countries attempting to apply restrictions to immigration flows. A formal model is built in which the strategic reaction of countries considers not only the benefits derived from migration but also the (economic and non-economic) costs that migration can generate in the host country. Strategic reactions drive what may be called the “paradox of adverse interest”: the fewer potential gains associated with liberalization of migration, the easier it becomes for nations to reach an unrestrictive agreement. The existence of two asymmetries (between the bargaining power of receiving and sending countries, and between the private nature of most of migration’s benefits and the social nature of its main costs) can hinder the agreement when the countries involved exhibit a high wage differential. Results suggest that permissive international agreements on migration are easier to reach in regional contexts, among countries with proximate economic conditions and levels of income.","PeriodicalId":37475,"journal":{"name":"IZA Journal of Development and Migration","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42180377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Considering the benefits of hosting refugees: evidence of refugee camps influencing local labour market activity and economic welfare in Rwanda 考虑收容难民的好处:难民营影响卢旺达当地劳动力市场活动和经济福利的证据

IZA Journal of Development and Migration Pub Date : 2019-12-01 DOI: 10.1186/S40176-018-0138-2

C. Loschmann, Ö. Bilgili, M. Siegel

引用次数: 19

Fragmenting the Family? The Complexity of Household Migration Strategies in Post-apartheid South Africa 分裂家庭？种族隔离后南非家庭移民策略的复杂性

IZA Journal of Development and Migration Pub Date : 2019-08-01 DOI: 10.2478/izajodm-2019-0004

K. Hall, D. Posel

{"title":"Fragmenting the Family? The Complexity of Household Migration Strategies in Post-apartheid South Africa","authors":"K. Hall, D. Posel","doi":"10.2478/izajodm-2019-0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/izajodm-2019-0004","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The disruption of family life is one of the important legacies of South Africa’s colonial and apartheid history. Families were undermined by deliberate strategies implemented through the pass laws, forced removals, urban housing policy, and the creation of homelands. Despite the removal of legal restrictions on permanent urban settlement and family co-residence for Africans, patterns of internal and oscillating labor migration have endured, dual or stretched households continue to link urban and rural nodes, children have remained less urbanized than adults, and many grow up without coresident parents. Although children are clearly affected by adult labor migration, they have tended to be ignored in the migration discourse. In this study, we add to the literature by showing how a child lens advances our understanding of the complexities of household arrangements and migration processes for families. In a mixed-methods study, we use nationally representative panel data to describe persistence, and also change, in migration patterns in South Africa when viewed from the perspective of children. We then draw on a detailed case study to explore what factors constrain or permit families to migrate together, or children to join adults at migration destination areas.","PeriodicalId":37475,"journal":{"name":"IZA Journal of Development and Migration","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49227690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 29

Income Elasticity of Child Labor: Do Cash Transfers have an Impact on the Poorest Children? 童工的收入弹性:现金转移对最贫困儿童有影响吗?

IZA Journal of Development and Migration Pub Date : 2019-08-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3430439

Luca Pellerano, Eleonora Porreca, F. Rosati

引用次数: 6

Substitution between Immigrant and Native Farmworkers in the United States: Does Legal Status Matter? 美国移民和本土农场工人之间的替代:法律地位重要吗?

IZA Journal of Development and Migration Pub Date : 2019-06-01 DOI: 10.2478/izajodm-2019-0007

Xuan Wei, Gülcan Önel, Zhengfei Guan, F. Roka

引用次数: 7

Asymmetric Information and the Discount on Foreign-Acquired Degrees in Canada 信息不对称与加拿大的外国学位折扣

IZA Journal of Development and Migration Pub Date : 2019-06-01 DOI: 10.2478/izajodm-2019-0002

Yigit Aydede, Atul A. Dar

引用次数: 1

Double Jeopardy: How Refugees Fare in One European Labor Market 双重危险：难民在一个欧洲劳动力市场中的处境

IZA Journal of Development and Migration Pub Date : 2019-06-01 DOI: 10.2478/izajodm-2019-0008

Dries Lens, I. Marx, S. Vujić

{"title":"Double Jeopardy: How Refugees Fare in One European Labor Market","authors":"Dries Lens, I. Marx, S. Vujić","doi":"10.2478/izajodm-2019-0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/izajodm-2019-0008","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper examines the labor market trajectories of refugees who arrived in Belgium between 1999 and 2009. Belgium offers a relatively easy formal labor market access to refugees and other types of migrants but they face many other barriers in this strongly regulated and institutionalized labor market. Based on a longitudinal dataset that links respondents’ information from the Belgian Labor Force Survey with comprehensive social security data on their work histories, we estimate discrete-time hazard models to analyze refugees’ entry into and exit out of the first employment spell, contrasting their outcomes with family and labor migrants of the same arrival cohort. The analysis shows that refugees take significantly longer to enter their first employment spell as compared with other migrant groups. They also run a greater risk of exiting out of their first employment spell (back) into social assistance and into unemployment. The low employment rates of refugees are thus not only due to a slow integration process upon arrival, but also reflect a disproportional risk of exiting the labor market after a period in work. Our findings indicate that helping refugees into a first job is not sufficient to ensure labor market participation in the long run, because these jobs may be short-lived. Instead, our results provide clear arguments in favor of policies that support sustainable labor market integration.","PeriodicalId":37475,"journal":{"name":"IZA Journal of Development and Migration","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48955843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

The Marginal Benefit of an Active Labor Market Program Relative to a Public Works Program: Evidence from Papua New Guinea 活跃劳动力市场计划相对于公共工程计划的边际效益:来自巴布亚新几内亚的证据

IZA Journal of Development and Migration Pub Date : 2019-06-01 DOI: 10.2478/izajodm-2019-0003

Christopher Hoy, D. Naidoo

{"title":"The Marginal Benefit of an Active Labor Market Program Relative to a Public Works Program: Evidence from Papua New Guinea","authors":"Christopher Hoy, D. Naidoo","doi":"10.2478/izajodm-2019-0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/izajodm-2019-0003","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Policymakers typically try to address youth unemployment in developing countries through either active labor market programs (ALMPs) or labor-intensive public works programs (LIPWs). We examine whether there is any additional benefit for unemployed youth from participating in a comprehensive ALMP compared to a LIPW. We exploit an unanticipated intervention in the largest employment program in Papua New Guinea, which resulted in one intake of the program completing a LIPW and missing out on a comprehensive ALMP. We conduct a difference-in-difference analysis between participants in the intake that missed out on the ALMP component of the program and participants in the intakes immediately before and after. In contrast to most impact evaluations of ALMPs, we show youth that completed the comprehensive ALMP were around twice as likely to be employed in the formal sector 9–12 months after the program compared to similar youth in the intake that only completed a LIWP. This effect was entirely driven by 20% of youth who participated in the ALMP staying with the employer they were placed with following the end of the program. Surveys of these employers illustrate that they use the ALMP as a low-cost, low-risk, and relatively low-effort way of hiring new employees.","PeriodicalId":37475,"journal":{"name":"IZA Journal of Development and Migration","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48932776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0