Current Treatment Options in Pediatrics最新文献

What is the role of diuretics in the prevention and management of bronchopulmonary dysplasia? 利尿剂在预防和治疗支气管肺发育不良中的作用是什么？

Current Treatment Options in Pediatrics Pub Date : 2026-12-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-07 DOI: 10.1007/s40746-025-00347-3

Timothy D Nelin, Julianne R McGlynn, Rachel G Greenberg, Jonathan L Slaughter, Sharon A McGrath-Morrow, Nicolas A Bamat

{"title":"What is the role of diuretics in the prevention and management of bronchopulmonary dysplasia?","authors":"Timothy D Nelin, Julianne R McGlynn, Rachel G Greenberg, Jonathan L Slaughter, Sharon A McGrath-Morrow, Nicolas A Bamat","doi":"10.1007/s40746-025-00347-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40746-025-00347-3","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: This review critically examines the role of furosemide and chlorothiazide in the prevention and management of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). We describe their common use, pharmacotherapeutic mechanisms, and summarize evidence from clinical trials and cohort studies evaluating their effects on diuresis and respiratory outcomes.Recent findings: Most evidence comes from studies in the 1980s that generalize poorly to contemporary neonatal care. However, a trial in 80 extremely preterm infants was published in 2025, reporting no certain effect of furosemide on death or BPD or on adverse effects other than electrolyte imbalances. The trial was not designed to address BPD prevention. Two recent large observational studies reported associations between greater diuretic exposure and lower risk of death or BPD but are limited by potential confounding. Earlier trials suggest diuretics may offer short-term improvements in urine output, pulmonary mechanics and gas exchange.Summary: The role of diuretics in the prevention and management of BPD remains uncertain. While transient, modest improvements in diuresis and respiratory function are likely, existing evidence does not convincingly support either clinically meaningful benefit or harm. In the absence of robust evidence-based guidance, minimizing routine diuretic use and considering short-term, selective treatment with measurable individualized goals is prudent. Addressing the disconnect between widespread use and limited supporting evidence will require well-designed studies that consider optimal patient selection, timing, dosing and duration in the context of current diuretic practice patterns.","PeriodicalId":37445,"journal":{"name":"Current Treatment Options in Pediatrics","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13001725/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147500136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

What is the Role of Caffeine in the Management of Preterm Infants? 咖啡因在早产儿管理中的作用是什么？

Current Treatment Options in Pediatrics Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-02 DOI: 10.1007/s40746-025-00329-5

David M Rub, Eric C Eichenwald

{"title":"What is the Role of Caffeine in the Management of Preterm Infants?","authors":"David M Rub, Eric C Eichenwald","doi":"10.1007/s40746-025-00329-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40746-025-00329-5","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: To describe how clinical practice around caffeine therapy for apnea of prematurity has shifted in response to emerging data, with particular emphasis on changes in initiation timing, dosing strategies, and treatment duration.Recent findings: Several new studies have begun to explore alternative approaches to caffeine therapy, including trials of caffeine initiation in the delivery room, increased loading and maintenance dosing, and extended use through later postmenstrual ages. Notably, the MOCHA and ICAF trials offer new insights into the potential risks and benefits of prolonging therapy beyond traditional discontinuation thresholds. These studies reflect growing interest in tailoring caffeine treatment to the evolving physiology of preterm infants, though long-term outcomes remain under investigation.Summary: Clinical use of caffeine has evolved far beyond the original CAP protocol, driven by physiologic rationale and early trial signals, but often outpaces the strength of the evidence. Future multicenter, randomized trials are essential to confirm safety and efficacy of earlier initiation, higher dosing, and extended duration and to ensure that practice refinements translate into durable improvements in preterm infant outcomes worldwide.","PeriodicalId":37445,"journal":{"name":"Current Treatment Options in Pediatrics","volume":"11 1","pages":"16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12222379/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144576567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Renal Ultrasonography in Children: Principles and Emerging Techniques. 儿童肾脏超声检查：原理和新兴技术。

Current Treatment Options in Pediatrics Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-09 DOI: 10.1007/s40746-024-00315-3

Tatiana Morales-Tisnés, Julian Lopez-Rippe, Santiago Martínez-Correa, Laith R Sultan, Hansel J Otero, Bernarda Viteri

{"title":"Renal Ultrasonography in Children: Principles and Emerging Techniques.","authors":"Tatiana Morales-Tisnés, Julian Lopez-Rippe, Santiago Martínez-Correa, Laith R Sultan, Hansel J Otero, Bernarda Viteri","doi":"10.1007/s40746-024-00315-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40746-024-00315-3","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: This review will examine the role of different kidney ultrasound imaging technologies in children, outlining the indications, advantages, and limitations to better guide pediatricians.Recent findings: Conventional ultrasound is an essential tool for evaluating pediatric kidney conditions, offering a non-invasive, safe, and relatively low-cost method. Ultrasound is crucial for diagnosing congenital anomalies of the genitourinary tract and monitoring urinary tract dilation. Doppler ultrasound evaluates vascular flow, aiding in conditions like renovascular hypertension, thrombosis, and transplant monitoring. Emerging techniques include elastography, which assesses kidney stiffness and shows promise in the evaluation of glomerulonephritis, urinary tract dilation and kidney transplants. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound differentiates renal masses and detects conditions related to hypoperfusion like renal artery stenosis and infarctions. Microvascular imaging provides detailed visualization of renal microvasculature, although it faces challenges in standardization and depth assessment. These ultrasound technologies enhance the non-invasive evaluation of pediatric kidney diseases.Summary: Ultrasonography is an indispensable imaging tool in pediatric assessments of the kidneys. Each ultrasound technology offers unique benefits and challenges. The role of ultrasonography in pediatric nephrology will likely continue to expand, emphasizing the need for ongoing research and standardization of these techniques to optimize their clinical application.","PeriodicalId":37445,"journal":{"name":"Current Treatment Options in Pediatrics","volume":"10 4","pages":"257-264"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12360666/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144883962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Artificial Intelligence Tools in Pediatric Urology: A Comprehensive Assessment of the Landscape and Current Utilization 小儿泌尿外科的人工智能工具：小儿泌尿外科人工智能工具：全面评估前景和当前使用情况

Current Treatment Options in Pediatrics Pub Date : 2024-07-27 DOI: 10.1007/s40746-024-00301-9

Ihtisham Ahmad, A. Khondker, J. Kwong, L. Erdman, J. Kim, J. Dos Santos, M. Chua, A. Lorenzo, M. Rickard

引用次数: 0

Prevention Strategies and Management of Necrotizing Enterocolitis 坏死性小肠结肠炎的预防策略和管理

Current Treatment Options in Pediatrics Pub Date : 2024-06-03 DOI: 10.1007/s40746-024-00297-2

Andrea Marian Colarelli, Md, Maria E Barbian, P. Denning

引用次数: 0

Organization of Delivery Room Resuscitation for High-Risk Neonates 产房高危新生儿复苏的组织工作

Current Treatment Options in Pediatrics Pub Date : 2024-05-23 DOI: 10.1007/s40746-024-00298-1

Sarfaraz Momin, Deepika Rustogi, Amuchou Singh Soraisham

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Contemporary Perspectives on the Patent Ductus Arteriosus in Preterm Neonates: A Hemodynamics-Driven Approach 早产新生儿动脉导管未闭的当代视角：血液动力学驱动法

Current Treatment Options in Pediatrics Pub Date : 2024-05-14 DOI: 10.1007/s40746-024-00296-3

John T. Wren, Patrick J. McNamara, Maria Gillam-Krakauer

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Fontan-Associated Liver Disease and the Double Organ Transplant: Addressing the Heart of the Argument 丰坦相关性肝病与双器官移植：解决争论的核心问题

Current Treatment Options in Pediatrics Pub Date : 2024-05-09 DOI: 10.1007/s40746-024-00295-4

Naseem Ravanbakhsh, Juliet Emamaullee

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The Approach to the Management of a Child with Chronic Abdominal Pain 治疗慢性腹痛儿童的方法

Current Treatment Options in Pediatrics Pub Date : 2024-05-04 DOI: 10.1007/s40746-023-00288-9

Peter R. Farrell, Leslie Farrell, Michael K. Farrell

引用次数: 0

Medical Management Considerations of Premature Infants with Congenital Heart Disease 先天性心脏病早产儿的医疗管理注意事项

Current Treatment Options in Pediatrics Pub Date : 2024-04-20 DOI: 10.1007/s40746-024-00294-5

Pavika Varma, John S. Kim

引用次数: 0