Architecture Papers of the Faculty of Architecture and Design STU最新文献

{"title":"Star Status authentic design","authors":"Martin Baláž","doi":"10.2478/alfa-2022-0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/alfa-2022-0012","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Nowadays, we must be prepared for unknown or unexpected situations in design, design research, and design education. We are awaiting changes in standards for the art, design and engineering education system. We are currently facing a new type of communication in the design process. Classical research and traditional forms are changing, and we are searching for new research and development strategies. The Star Status philosophy is viewed in a social context as a section of design process. It is part of the alternative design programme of design thinking, education and training, which also comprises Open Sphere Strategy and Authentic Design Essence. Together they create a flexible system for the action-centric design process, research and education with a spirit of avant-garde thinking. In general, this system can define Designers as Individuals (Stars) in Society Groups (Constellations); they are connected to other members by various Relationships (Status). Some stars form connections, constellations and new compositions with other stars. Through new connections, the stars in constellations create a new composition, new context, new lifestyle. The acquiring and mastering of design drawing is the most credible technique of an autonomous artistic exploration, of drawing as a way of thinking in the most natural form in the designing process, functional as technology in the Star Status Philosophy. The ability to create a visual communication language is an important part in the fusion of the Action Centric independent artistic research and development. As part of interdisciplinary experience, the acquiring and mastering the common strategy in designing process between the designer and engineer, mastering the philosophy and method of design strategy, synthesis of designer drawing and 3D environment are the basic layers of Synergic research and development Design Strategy.","PeriodicalId":374370,"journal":{"name":"Architecture Papers of the Faculty of Architecture and Design STU","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124983411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Baťovany – (re)visions of a modern town: Searching for identity","authors":"Veronika Vánová, Jana Pohaničová","doi":"10.2478/alfa-2022-0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/alfa-2022-0010","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The town of Partizánske in Slovakia, formerly known as Baťovany and built according to the design of the urban development plan of architect Jiří Voženílek (1909 - 1986) from 1938, represents a unique urban-architectural achievement in the context of not only Czechoslovak functionalist architecture, but also the emergence of modern European cities in the first half of the 20th century. Its original Baťa image, the remarkable idea of a linear industrial town with numerous structural and building innovations in the field of architecture have co-created the town’s identity over the years and its original urban, architectural and historical value remains clearly observable. If we do not protect these values, the town will gradually lose its identity. From this perspective, the key aspect is the re-identification or (re)vision of the historical, architectural-urban, industrial and cultural values of the original industrial town concept and the subsequent confrontation of this model with the current demands of the town residents as a way to rediscover the disappearing identity with an emphasis on preserving and maintaining the exceptional values of Baťa architecture and urbanism. To this day, Partizánske has not adopted any concept of functioning territory or object-focused monument protection of Baťa heritage. Possible solutions regarding monument protection and rescue, restoration or reconstruction of the original Baťa architecture are hindered by lack of open communication between monument protection institutions, experts - historians, architects and urban planners with practical experience, town councils, civic associations and town residents. Therefore, our research also focuses on cooperation with the inhabitants of the town and introduces them to possible intervention solutions for the preservation of the unique architectural, urban and cultural heritage. This paper attempts to search for possible ways (participatory design, research by design, etc.) of ensuring the sustainability of the identity of the town, while preserving the unique values of Baťa heritage in Partizánske for future generations.","PeriodicalId":374370,"journal":{"name":"Architecture Papers of the Faculty of Architecture and Design STU","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123986810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the incompleteness of mutation: Introduction to Pretoria Regionalism","authors":"Cornelius van der Westhuizen","doi":"10.2478/alfa-2022-0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/alfa-2022-0009","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article aims to make the European professional audience acquainted with the architecture of an important southern African city. Additionally, the author hopes to familiarise this audience with the cultural nuances and character of this city, while trying to maintain distance as a native of the city. South Africa is famous for its significant natural and wildlife treasures. Internationally the history of this country’s politics and developing democracy are also well known. From famous political leaders overcoming the harsh and hateful Apartheid laws to more world-renowned medical practitioners performing ground-breaking medical procedures: the impact of South African global contributions cannot be overlooked. However, there is significant oversight in the appreciation of the architecture and analyses of the urban conditions in the country. Pretoria is the administrative capital of the Republic of South Africa and contains a substantial oeuvre of built works that is testament to the numerous international and local cultural influences. Thus, it was deemed necessary to present the architectural and artistic responses from the modernist period (late 1920s – 1970s). The Pretoria Regionalist style, sometimes styled as the Third Vernacular, is a contextually inspired, and unique Transvaal-esque mutation of the machined and purist aesthetic of the Modernist Movement (1920s – 1960s). This architectural oeuvre is presented within the historical context of the founding and evolution of South Africa. Hence, eight contextually appropriate and architecturally significant edifices representing the modernist architecture of the early 20th century are broadly discussed.","PeriodicalId":374370,"journal":{"name":"Architecture Papers of the Faculty of Architecture and Design STU","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128103367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the urban design qualities of the urban street: A case study of Sylhet, Bangladesh","authors":"M. T. Hasan, Md. Mustafizur Rahman, Tanjim Siddika","doi":"10.2478/alfa-2022-0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/alfa-2022-0008","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Shortage supply of space for urban infrastructure including street and pedestrian aspects remains a great challenge in the context of Bangladesh due to the rapid growth of urbanization. Here, overcrowded cities can hardly manage space for walking, the safest mood of public mobility. In Sylhet, a city in north-eastern Bangladesh, widening the vehicular street and decorating pedestrian pathways is the common tendency of street development by the local authority where the quality of urban streets is rarely investigated. In most research, walking preferences are measured via a quantitative method by addressing street comfort, traffic, and size rather than the urban design qualities of the street, i.e. a qualitative approach. Hence, the project aims to identify the user preferences for walking in the Zindabazar area, a commercial street of Sylhet considering the urban designs qualities like enclosure, legibility, human scale, transparency, complexity, coherence, linkage, and imageability. Therefore, this research applied a questionnaire survey, conducted to analyse the relation between walking preferences and urban design qualities of the commercial street. After collecting Likert scale data, Linear and multiple regression models were used to analyse it. Regression analysis was conducted to identify the relation between urban design qualities and user preferences for walking on the proposed street. The research identified that walking preferences of user are not significantly associated with all the factors of urban design qualities except legibility, transparency, and human scale. The research will help identify the poor and significant urban qualities of the street(s) which need to be modified to improve user preferences.","PeriodicalId":374370,"journal":{"name":"Architecture Papers of the Faculty of Architecture and Design STU","volume":"79 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131472110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Architectural education in the context of social sciences","authors":"P. Mazalán, Jana Vinárčiková, Michal C. Hronský","doi":"10.2478/alfa-2022-0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/alfa-2022-0011","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Architecture is an interdisciplinary subject that utilises knowledge and experience from numerous scientific fields. Social sciences in particular have a special relationship with architecture, transforming it into a living and reflective discipline. Architectural design is basically a hypothesis that explores how society would react to its substance and the conditions it creates. However, social sciences subjects are often limited to theoretical knowledge over the course of architectural education. This research discusses social and psychological sciences and their architecture-specific theories as powerful tools for student engagement in architectural education. Focusing on educational concepts which lead to a greater understanding of dynamic societal changes, the research also indirectly analyses the traditional process of creating a universal design, outside of this understanding. This approach enables students to understand the limitations of their education and to think analytically about design options and the improved interactions not only with their surroundings but, more importantly, with a specific person or group of people. Activities that develop this kind of understanding are different forms of interactive art (site-specific installations) and social activities (focus groups) with different demographics (persons with health impairments – for example barrier-lessness and social inclusion). The base research analyses social and psychological sciences in relation to the process of architectural design education with a focus on European context. In social sciences, social and spatial connection and their often implied or ignored relationships are investigated in increasingly more interesting ways. The aim of this study is to provide a complex outline of the educational methods which, on top of technological change, also actively monitor social change.","PeriodicalId":374370,"journal":{"name":"Architecture Papers of the Faculty of Architecture and Design STU","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115150762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pop-up architecture as a tool for popularizing theatre: Prototype No. 1","authors":"Kristína Boháčová, Alexander Schleicher","doi":"10.2478/alfa-2022-0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/alfa-2022-0006","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article builds on previous research dealing with temporary theatres in the context of Europe and Slovakia, discusses the topic of pop-up pavilions in terms of architecture, their use in marketing and as a potential tool for reviving the theatre scene. Just as temporary architecture can activate neglected areas in the city and bring stimuli for a permanent change, we believe that it can be equally stimulating in the area of theatre. The Shed by Haworth Tompkins is one of the examples to demonstrate a possible positive contribution of such designs to a permanent theatre and its surroundings. Based on the analysis of similar examples and statistical data on the attendance of theatre performances, we decided to design and implement a prototype of a minimal theatre scene, which also provides wide variability and can be used beyond the time dedicated to theatre activities. In the design phase, we examine the limits of variability and explore the basics of kinetic architecture. In the second phase after the object is assembled and implemented, the subject of research will be its impact on the environment, the extent of user interaction with the object and the overall functionality of the object. The ambitions of our project do not reach as high as presented in The Shed. The aim was to test the possibilities and viability of a much smaller object, to document the cultural, educational, and even economic benefits, in domestic conditions of Slovakia. Thanks to The Program for the Support of Young Researchers of the Slovak University of Technology and The PUN (Universal Design Support) Project No. 321041APA3 financed by the European Social Fund, the object is currently in production, and later will be moved to the faculty premises, surface-threated and then assembled for the very first time. The prototype should be fully available by the end of the year 2022.","PeriodicalId":374370,"journal":{"name":"Architecture Papers of the Faculty of Architecture and Design STU","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129816460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impacts of climate change on urban structures in Slovak cities: Identifying vulnerable urban structures","authors":"M. Kamenská, K. Smatanova","doi":"10.2478/alfa-2022-0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/alfa-2022-0005","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In the coming decades, our cities will face extreme weather caused by climate change, which they will have to adopt. Adaptation of the urban environment is attracting the growing attention of planners, researchers, and policy makers in Slovakia and around the world. As essential for urban environment, the National Adaptation Strategy identified the adaptation at local level, which represents the participation of municipalities, supports the development of local adaptation strategies and subsequent implementation of actions that provide the cities with stronger sustainability and resilience. Within the last 8 years since the adoption of the national strategy, only 8 out of 141 Slovak cities in total elaborated an adaptation strategy that could be considered for further investigation. Consequently, this paper aims to broaden our knowledge of the two most significant impacts of climate change–heatwaves and floods–on urban structures in Slovak cities and validate the importance of spatial vulnerability analyses as a considerable tool for the expected unified national methodology for developing local adaptation strategies. The study examines analyses of spatial vulnerability to heat-waves in Hlohovec, Košice – Západ, and Trnava, and analyses of spatial vulnerability to floods in Hlohovec and Kežmarok, developed as part of vulnerability assessment within the framework of adaptation strategies of these cities. The analyses selected for comparison allow us to identify vulnerable urban structures and provide a deeper understanding of the causes of vulnerability in Slovakia, which is crucial for the development of adaptation strategies in the future and the building of resilience in Slovak cities. The article provides an exploratory spatial analysis of vulnerability hotspots. Based on the findings, it outlines the principles of spatial planning and urban structures that are resilient to the impacts of heatwaves and floods.","PeriodicalId":374370,"journal":{"name":"Architecture Papers of the Faculty of Architecture and Design STU","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116962615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microclimatic factors in urban development: The setup of an environmental observatory at the FAD STU","authors":"Tomáš Hubinský, J. Legény","doi":"10.2478/alfa-2022-0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/alfa-2022-0004","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The presented research focuses on energy (im)balance on both global and local scale. The main emphasis is placed on microclimatic factors directly affecting public urban spaces and related physical processes regarding the city that are closely linked to energy flows and result in the formation of Urban Heat Islands (UHIs). As they are one of the main adverse effects of human activities, the paper introduces the classification of UHIs by types, describes the basic differences between the surface energy balance of rural and urban areas, and introduces climate-sensitive urban design as one of the possible ways of mitigating the undesirable anthropogenic impact on the climate change. The authors of the article present their own research, which predominantly focuses on the development of an environmental observatory situated on the rooftop of the building of the Faculty of Architecture and Design STU in Bratislava (hereafter referred to as the FAD STU). They interpret the experimental operation of sensing probe 1 and the first results and measurement data on Global Horizontal Solar Irradiation (GHSI) and their post-processing. In addition, they describe the construction of sensing probe 2, which will provide more data on the total atmospheric precipitation, wind speed and its direction, presence of dust particles and carbon dioxide in the air, or spectral characteristics of incident and reflected solar radiation. Finally, the experimental operation of a thermal and micro- camera with fisheye lenses is described. These cameras are essential for measuring the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) as one of the parameters used for the assessment of vegetation vitality, which also plays a key role in the formation of the UHI effect.","PeriodicalId":374370,"journal":{"name":"Architecture Papers of the Faculty of Architecture and Design STU","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126543369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Route options in inclusive museums: Case studies from Central Europe","authors":"N. Filová, Lea Rollová, Z. Čerešňová","doi":"10.2478/alfa-2022-0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/alfa-2022-0003","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Museums are complex architectural works with many distinctive elements. One of the most significant museum features are routes or paths on which visitors circulate museums and perceive exhibitions. Children and people with special needs often have specific demands on physical accessibility of the surrounding environment, chronological arrangement of spaces and amount of information presented at a time. The arrangement of functional units in museum layouts affects wayfinding in space, understanding of the exhibition, as well as visitor guidance. The order in which people visit particular segments in a museum can also be described as one of the most important architectural and operational characteristics of this type of cultural buildings and areas. The article examines ways of arranging spaces in a museum building and the suitability of their application. These forms are evaluated based on various aspects; some of the created effects are studied, e.g. creation of a desired atmosphere. Existing concepts are compared and supplemented with other theoretical knowledge. The article aims to present variant suitable ways of composing routes that would meet the needs of different people, and bring them a quality leisure and educational experience from a museum tour. Various types of museum layout organisation and arrangement of exhibition spaces are illustrated with abstract schemes, as well as with specific case studies of five selected museums. The selection consists of architecturally exceptional and high-quality museums in Central Europe, which are able to attract a whole range of various groups of people including a younger audience. They are examples of both modern museums in this area and route planning options. The case studies highlight interesting local ideas, space concepts, routing methods, and also solutions for increasing inclusion of all visitors and children in particular.","PeriodicalId":374370,"journal":{"name":"Architecture Papers of the Faculty of Architecture and Design STU","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126514434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alpine huts: Architectural innovations and development in the High Tatras until the first half of the 20th century","authors":"M. Novotná","doi":"10.2478/alfa-2022-0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/alfa-2022-0002","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract For man, the mountain environment was a source of raw materials and a place of economic activity until the end of the 18th century. This paper examines how the exploration of mountain valleys lead from the first ascents to the peaks to today’s exploitation of the mountain environment. We are currently following efforts to protect the unique environment of the mountains and to preserve the architectural heritage of the 20th century. In the paper, we look at the architecture of the High Tatras of the first half of the 20th century, which is lost under the coatings of today. The article traces the line of innovation in the 20th century and examines the causes and consequences of the origin and development of architecture in the alpine environment, with a focus on changes in the paradigm of social thinking in the relationship between architecture and the original landscape. The subject of the paper is mapping of the architectural heritage embedded in the unique environment of the world natural heritage of alpine terrains in the High Tatras and the study of the settlement process with innovative technologies and materials that have enabled architecture to enter difficult terrains. As industrialization, mechanization and electrification have greatly simplified and streamlined the construction process, the work identifies not only the development of new design, technological and material solutions, but also the resilience of the environment to innovation. It focuses on the analysis of innovative progress and monitors its development in contact with the mountain architecture from the moment of planning, work implementation and possible construction changes. The work focuses on the typology of mountain huts and the process of their architectural design.","PeriodicalId":374370,"journal":{"name":"Architecture Papers of the Faculty of Architecture and Design STU","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115682462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}