{"title":"The Rise of the Corporate Investment Rights Regime and 'Extractive Exceptionalism': Evidence from El Salvador","authors":"M. Dougherty, S. Anderson, Manuel Pérez-Rocha","doi":"10.4324/9781315686226-12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315686226-12","url":null,"abstract":"In the context of the current extractive boom in Latin America and beyond, transnational mining corporations are increasingly making use of a growing set of investment rights granted to companies operating in foreign countries. Mining companies take advantage of these rights by arbitration against host-state governments in international tribunals where they perceive violations of these rights. This chapter describes the origins and evolution of this sweeping set of rights, what we call here the corporate investment rights regime. We further focus on this use of binding arbitration to settle disputes that arise around these rights. Mining companies, we argue here, are particularly well-positioned to take advantage of the new investor rights, thus making the enforcement of these rights a key feature of the new landscape of extraction in the twenty-first century. Finally, we draw from the case of Pacific Rim Mining Corporation’s arbitration against the government of El Salvador in the International Center for the Settlement of Investment Disputes as an example of how these unprecedented corporate powers can undermine national environmental and other public interest regulations.","PeriodicalId":373433,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: Supply Chain Issues (Topic)","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130324636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Coordinating a Dyadic Fashion Apparel Supply Chain Using a Specially Designed Buyback Revenue Sharing Contract","authors":"Arnab Adhikari","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2799483","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2799483","url":null,"abstract":"Fashion apparel supply chain remains an area of interest for both academicians and practitioners. Since its inception, the growth potential of the fashion apparel supply chain is affected due to the several issues such high demand volatility of the apparel, high production cost of apparel. Existing scholarly works suggest that supply chain coordination through supply contracts such as buyback contract, revenue sharing contract, etc. is useful to coordinate the supply chain. Recent studies indicate that devising specially designed contracts i.e. combining two contracts that share same structural properties can improve the supply chain performance. Motivated by these examples, we propose a specially designed buyback revenue sharing contract (BBRS) to coordinate a dyadic fashion apparel supply chain comprising one manufacturer and one retailer with the bringing appropriate adjustments in buyback contract and revenue sharing contract. Here, we discuss the issues such as optimal order quantity, coordinating criteria, and supply chain member’s profitability under buyback revenue sharing contract. We present a comparative study of buyback contract, revenue sharing contract, and buyback revenue sharing contract (BBRS) for both apparel manufacturer and retailer using an extensive numerical analysis. Also, we discuss the impact of various contract parameters on the supply chain performance.","PeriodicalId":373433,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: Supply Chain Issues (Topic)","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115798286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Success Factors of Manufacturing Firms in Caribbean Small Island States: A Look at Barbados","authors":"Crystal Drakes, W. Moore","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2768206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2768206","url":null,"abstract":"Since the 1970s, the output of the Barbadian manufacturing industry has been on a steady downward trajectory. This paper utilises a database of 308 small and medium manufacturing firms to identify the factors that impact on the performance of manufacturing firms in island economies. An integrated model of firm performance including economic, organisational and innovation factors is developed and estimated using a pooled ordinary least square model.","PeriodicalId":373433,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: Supply Chain Issues (Topic)","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134646336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Hussain, W. Ahmed, Ambar Rabnawaz, Rana Muhammad Sohail Jafar, H. Akhtar, Guang-Ju Wang, Sana Ullah, JianZhou Yang
{"title":"Integration and Effective Supply Chain Management: A Review of Agriculture in Pakistan and China","authors":"S. Hussain, W. Ahmed, Ambar Rabnawaz, Rana Muhammad Sohail Jafar, H. Akhtar, Guang-Ju Wang, Sana Ullah, JianZhou Yang","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2796787","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2796787","url":null,"abstract":"Agriculture is likely to require further strengthening ties between farmers and citizens to improve the efficiency of market systems and their saturation with modern technology. Increasing globalization of agriculture and the ensuing hegemony of supermarkets have brought significant profits and losses. Those on whom the state of the global market of the 21st century, should strive for a just distribution of its burdens, without encroaching on the real fruits of progress, through which millions of people have access to a healthy, diverse and affordable food. Supply chain management can be defined as the integration of key business processes from end user to the original suppliers that provide products, services and information that add value for customers and stakeholders. The integration of all business processes with all stakeholders in the supply chain seems to make no sense apart from being, of course, a major waste of resources. In fact, in certain cases, the enormity of the task may make it impossible to overcome for a company whose supply chain presents a great complexity. Thus, it seems important that companies of all sizes find a way to manage more easily and effectively chains in which they operate. However, particularly in agricultural sector, integration of supply chain process has really brought significant impact on the efficiency of the overall procedures.","PeriodicalId":373433,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: Supply Chain Issues (Topic)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132824650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Taking Stock of the Current Research on the Impacts of Voluntary Sustainability Standards (With Particular Emphasis on the Agri-Food Sector) Based on a 4‐Part Literature Review Series Published by the International Trade Centre (ITC)","authors":"Oliver von Hagen","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2318333","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2318333","url":null,"abstract":"Voluntary Sustainability Standards (VSS) have the potential to generate distinct economic and social development opportunities and can help to mitigate economic, food, water, and environmental risks in developing countries. However, the research about the impacts of VSS focuses on a few standards, products and countries, usually in response to project evaluation needs. The most common methodology used is case studies, often conducted by the VSS themselves. While they provide rich qualitative information about the complexity of the impacts of VSS, they do not provide much empirical evidence based on comparative analyses and generally do not allow for the identification of correlation between the variables. There is also a focus on the production side of the value chain. Overall, a systematic evaluation of value chain impacts across VSS and products providing quantitative, statistically valid data is lacking. However, the research does provide some qualitatively rich findings, which are summarized in this paper according to four areas: 1. The impacts of VSS on global supply chains; 2. The impacts of VSS on producers and exporters; 3. The interplay of regulation and VSS; 4. When do VSS work? These areas have been selected according to their relevance to policymakers in developing countries and their prevalence in research. The following provides a short outline of the research findings related to each of these areas.","PeriodicalId":373433,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: Supply Chain Issues (Topic)","volume":"154 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116392583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Vertical Integration and Macroeconomic Growth: The Case of the Steel Industry","authors":"Christoph Scheuplein","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3078468","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3078468","url":null,"abstract":"As a result of the rise in the raw materials market of 2007-08, steel-producing companies are re-thinking their purchasing of iron ore. Integration of upstream mining companies is one option for ensuring the supply of raw materials. This trend is being pursued mostly in the up-and-coming industrial companies of newly industrializing countries. In contrast, the steel companies of mature industrial countries are continuing to rely on the market. This variation in company strategies cannot be explained by current theories of vertical integration such as the Transaction Cost approach and the Global Value Chain approach. This only becomes possible by considering the diverse macroeconomic environment, which is characterized by high profit margins and high investment in the newly industrializing countries. Theoretically, this requires us to borrow arguments from FRANCOIS PERROUX'S Polarization Theory and arguments from ANDREAS PREDOHL'S theory of Economic Area Development. This paper contains an empirical investigation of vertical integration based on the steel and iron ore industries, and uses an Indian and a Chinese company as examples.","PeriodicalId":373433,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: Supply Chain Issues (Topic)","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128627482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"To What Extent is Knowledge Management Essential to Oando Plc Supply Chain Management?","authors":"Nkiruka Chidia Maduekwe","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2813400","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2813400","url":null,"abstract":"Oando Plc is a group company with six subsidiaries that cover the supply chain links of the oil and gas industry. The challenges and issues of the company’s supply chain (SC) are particularly prominent in view of the highly complex and dynamic nature of the oil and gas industry. Thus, in discussing the challenges and issues in the supply chain, the Report seeks to examine Knowledge Management as a key aspect of in improving the control and management of Oando’s supply chain. In view of the pressurised environment in which Oando is operating, in order to be ahead of competition, there is the need to invest in intellectual asset. The reason being that change is a constant feature in this highly competitive environment and for Oando to achieve its mission of being Nigeria’s largest integrated energy supplier, to get the best out of its intellectual asset it will have to implement KM.","PeriodicalId":373433,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: Supply Chain Issues (Topic)","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114234359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Value Chain Management in Marine Fisheries: A Case Study of Andhra Pradesh","authors":"V V DEVI PRASAD KOTNI","doi":"10.5121/IJMVSC.2016.7202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5121/IJMVSC.2016.7202","url":null,"abstract":"The value chain management assists the stakeholders to perform value added operations, add value to the product and have better returns from the market. This paper attempts at value chain management practices adopted by the players of the marine fisheries chain in Andhra Pradesh and how much value they are adding to the final fish product. The study has been structured to capture the essence of the processes and flow of the value chain in Marine fisheries. The study is designed in such a way that it addresses various research questions like the basic value chain structure, value added operations in fisheries value chain, cost of each operation along with price increase and finally the final price of the product. In this paper, in order to suggest the suitable value chain, a thorough market research was conducted to study the Value Chain Management practices employed by Fishermen, Middlemen, Retailers, Head loaders and Cycle carrier with respect to fresh fish in the coastal area of the State of Andhra Pradesh, India.","PeriodicalId":373433,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: Supply Chain Issues (Topic)","volume":"103 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129348207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}