PaleoAmerica最新文献

{"title":"Frost Action during the Younger Dryas Inferred from Soil Micromorphology at Connley Cave 5, Oregon","authors":"J. Holcomb, Katelyn N. McDonough, Richard L. Rosencrance, L. Shillito, Dennis L. Jenkins","doi":"10.1080/20555563.2023.2282316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20555563.2023.2282316","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The Younger Dryas chronozone is an abrupt climate event terminating the last glacial period ∼12,900–11,700 calendar years ago marked by rapid changes in regional human, floral, and faunal population dynamics across the globe. Working at Connley Cave 5 in the Fort Rock Basin, Oregon, we demonstrate that this cold event generated microscopic cryogenic features (frost action) which can be used to identify the presence of the Younger Dryas in the northern Great Basin, shed light on paleoenvironmental conditions, and inform archaeologists about site formation processes occurring across the Late Pleistocene to Early Holocene transition. These data inform us about cryoturbation at Connley Caves and have implications for Younger Dryas-aged archaeological sites preserved throughout the Great Basin.","PeriodicalId":37319,"journal":{"name":"PaleoAmerica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139324174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cueva Los Bancos, A New Archaeological Site with Early Occupations in the Southernmost Sector of the Eastern Sierras Pampeanas of Argentina","authors":"Rafael Curtoni, Guillermo Heider, Augusto Oliván, María Clara Álvarez, Ivana Ozán, Julián Tobal, Mariángeles Borgo, Alfonsina Tripaldi","doi":"10.1080/20555563.2023.2254131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20555563.2023.2254131","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTWe present new chronological data for the southernmost sector of the Eastern Sierras Pampeanas system of central Argentina. Recent excavations at the Cueva Los Bancos site in Sierra del Morro hill provided a date of ca. 9400 calendar years ago. This is the earliest absolute chronology of this sector, considered an ecotone between mountains and plains. Data provided will allow us to include this site in the discussion of the initial peopling of the region.KEYWORDS: Early Holoceneinitial peoplingecotone landscapeSierras PampeanasSierra del Morro AcknowledgementsThe authors thank the Fernández family for allowing them to enter their property; to Walter Muñoz for guiding them through the landscape; and to Pipera, Dante, Agustín, Eimi, Sol, Valentín and Emilia for collaborating during fieldwork. Also thanks to Gustavo Politis and Laprei (Pretreatment Laboratory for isotopic samples) for managing radiocarbon analyses; to the authorities of the province of San Luis and San José del Morro locality for allowing us to investigate; and to INCUAPA-CONICET for supporting the research and laboratory studies.Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Additional informationFundingThis work was supported by the National Agency for Scientific and Technological Research under Grant PICT 2019-03515.Notes on contributorsRafael CurtoniRafael Curtoni is a researcher for the Argentine National Research Council (CONICET). He obtained his degree at the National University of Buenos Aires and his PhD from the National University of La Plata, Argentina. He also has a MA degree from Institute of Archaeology, University College London. He carries out anthropological and archaeological research in the provinces of La Pampa and San Luis from the perspective of landscape anthropology.Guillermo HeiderGuillermo Heider is a researcher for the Argentine National Research Council (CONICET), and he obtained his degree and PhD from the National University of Córdoba, Argentina. His research interests are lithic technology and human adaptation to arid and semiarid environments through time.Augusto OlivánAugusto Oliván, is a doctoral fellow of the Argentine National Research Council (CONICET), and he obtained his degree at the National University of the Centre of Buenos Aires province, Argentina. He is researching the rock art of the province of San Luis from landscape archaeology and archaeoastronomy.María Clara ÁlvarezMaría Clara Álvarez is a researcher for the Argentine National Research Council (CONICET), and she obtained her degree and PhD from the National University of the Centre of Buenos Aires province. Argentina. Her research focuses on the subsistence of human groups in the past, bone technology, and taphonomic studies.Ivana OzánIvana Ozán is a researcher for the Argentine National Research Council (CONICET), and she obtained her degree of Anthropology and PhD of Archaeology at the University of Buenos Aires, Argentina. She work","PeriodicalId":37319,"journal":{"name":"PaleoAmerica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134969929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Geochronological and Geoarchaeological Context of the Clovis-Age La Prele Mammoth Site (48CO1401), Converse County, Wyoming","authors":"Sarah A. Allaun, Todd A. Surovell, C. Vance Haynes, Spencer R. Pelton, M. Mackie, R. L. Kelly, M. O'brien, P. Sanders, J. Capriles, S. Mahan","doi":"10.1080/20555563.2023.2245191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20555563.2023.2245191","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The La Prele Mammoth site (48CO1401), located in Converse County, Wyoming, contains a Clovis-age occupation associated with the remains of a subadult mammoth (Mammuthus columbi). In this paper, we present the geochronological and geoarchaeological context of the site. The La Prele Mammoth site is buried in an alluvial terrace of La Prele Creek, a tributary of the North Platte River, which acts as an important migration corridor through the Rocky Mountains. Archaeological remains, buried by a series of flood deposits, occur within or below a well-developed buried A horizon, referred to as the Mammoth Soil. Bioturbation of the site has resulted in vertical artifact movement, though peaks in artifact density are evident in vertical artifact distributions and likely represent the occupation surface. Radiocarbon dating of this occupation, including several new dates, suggests an age of 12,941 ± 56 calendar years ago (cal yr BP).","PeriodicalId":37319,"journal":{"name":"PaleoAmerica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47781465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Late Pleistocene and Early Holocene Obsidian in Alberta and Human Dispersal into North America’s Ice-Free Corridor","authors":"Todd J. Kristensen, Timothy E. Allan, J. Ives, R. Woywitka, G. Yanicki, J. Rasic","doi":"10.1080/20555563.2023.2243133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20555563.2023.2243133","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT We utilize pXRF to source the oldest obsidian artifacts in Alberta, Canada. The province lacks obsidian outcrops and hosts much of the late Pleistocene Ice-Free Corridor, the northern and southern ends of which are in proximity to obsidian outcrops in Yukon, Alaska, Idaho, and Wyoming. The early presence of these obsidians in Alberta informs models of human dispersion. Results point to an early establishment of relationships in the central Ice-Free Corridor that reached into Oregon, Idaho, and Alaska. Alberta appears to have been entered by people from the south who had ties to the Pacific Northwest and Intermountain West. After biotic viability of a full Corridor, limited evidence suggests that northern people from Beringia may have trickled south and admixed with southern populations in the central Corridor region. Upon deglaciation of access routes through the Rocky Mountains, obsidian from western sources in British Columbia arrived relatively quickly in northern Alberta.","PeriodicalId":37319,"journal":{"name":"PaleoAmerica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49411479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Anthropological Conception of the Initial Peopling of the Americas","authors":"Ruth Gruhn","doi":"10.1080/20555563.2023.2278948","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20555563.2023.2278948","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT A currently popular model of the initial settlement of the Americas proposes a very rapid occupation of both continents beginning with the initial entry in early postglacial times. Considering the ethnographic record of small-group hunter-gatherer adaptive skill and social networking, I argue that the peopling of the two immense and diverse continents must have been a slow process of local adaptation, and initial entry must have begun before the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). After the LGM, the early populations that already had occupied both continents in low density expanded rapidly in the improved postglacial climatic conditions, with the resulting increase in archaeological sites creating the illusion of late and rapid peopling. Presently known pre-LGM archaeological sites are summarized, and discovery of more sites is to be expected.","PeriodicalId":37319,"journal":{"name":"PaleoAmerica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139364046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction for a Monte Verde II Radiocarbon Date","authors":"T. Dillehay","doi":"10.1080/20555563.2023.2236889","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20555563.2023.2236889","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In 1989, a radiocarbon date for the La Moderna site in Argentina was erroneously published as an assay for the Monte Verde II site in Chile. This error is corrected here.","PeriodicalId":37319,"journal":{"name":"PaleoAmerica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49104507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rioclarense Culture Definition, Lithic Technology, and the Case of the Alice Boer and Caetetuba Sites (São Paulo State, Brazil)","authors":"J. Moreno","doi":"10.1080/20555563.2023.2236418","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20555563.2023.2236418","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In recent years, Paleoamerican sites from central São Paulo state (Brazil) have been associated with a lithic industry known as Rioclarense, but only due the presence of stemmed points and lesmas. Although a few studies on a few sites have been previously presented regarding chronology, formation processes and technology of the lithic points, the complete technological study of the industry was still lacking. This study objective is to present a definition of the Rioclarense Culture. Known (so far) only by its lithic industry, it can be identified by the presence of the Rioclarense-type points and/or lesmas, and/or flakes, preforms and other tools with specific technological features. This article includes a short review on the Rioclarense Culture and ‘Umbu Tradition’ definitions and the first technological description of all classes of lithic materials of two Rioclarense-associated sites dating to the Early and Middle Holocene: Caetetuba and Alice Boer.","PeriodicalId":37319,"journal":{"name":"PaleoAmerica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43898196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Late Pleistocene-Early Holocene Fishtail Points from Southernmost Patagonia (South America): An Estimation of Use-Life Using Experimental Data and Survival Curve Models","authors":"Marcelo Cardillo, J. Charlin, J. E. Moreno","doi":"10.1080/20555563.2023.2236890","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20555563.2023.2236890","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT We report the first results of a shooting experiment performed with lithic point replicas of Fishtail points hafted as darts pursuing the aim to estimate the points’ use-lives and related size changes using survival and risk models. A total of 555 successful shots were done, ranging from one to 146 shots and from zero to four resharpenings. The obtained results suggest that Fishtail points have a long use life, with a median of 15 shots and most of them withstanding between three and four resharpenings. Survival and risk models note that point survival is significantly correlated to maximum point width and stem neck width. This opens new questions about longevity and survival probability of Fishtail points, offering empirical information to evaluate hunting strategies and comparative advantages in the use of different point technologies in the prehistory of southern Patagonia.","PeriodicalId":37319,"journal":{"name":"PaleoAmerica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42584411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Contributions of Luminescence Dating of Sediments to Understanding the First Settlement of the Americas","authors":"J. Feathers","doi":"10.1080/20555563.2023.2234740","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20555563.2023.2234740","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Two major criteria for judging the validity of claims for early settlement of the Americas are solid dating by radiometric methods and evidence of stratigraphic integrity. Luminescence dating can provide information on both, not only producing a date but evaluating stratigraphic integrity by means of single-grain dating. Because of these qualities, luminescence has been applied to a large number of early sites. This paper reviews these applications, both for sites in which stratigraphic integrity has been shown and for sites where it has not. Two recent applications, at Parson’s Island in Maryland and at Bastos in Brazil, suggest settlement may have been as early as the Last Glacial Maximum.","PeriodicalId":37319,"journal":{"name":"PaleoAmerica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46145573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Paleoindian Settlement Decisions in the Great Basin: A Test of the Pluvial Lake Hypothesis with the Ideal Free Distribution Model","authors":"P. Allgaier, B. Codding","doi":"10.1080/20555563.2023.2234739","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20555563.2023.2234739","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Researchers propose that early Great Basin occupants preferentially settled near pluvial lakes to exploit highly profitable wetland habitats. Here we offer a preliminary systematic evaluation of this Pluvial Lake Hypothesis by testing two predictions from an ideal free distribution (IFD) model using a comprehensive database of radiocarbon-dated archaeological sites relative to reconstructed lake extent. We find that Paleoindian (> 8000 calendar years ago) settlements are significantly closer to wetlands than random across the Great Basin. However, when broken out by subregion (western, central, and eastern), the trend only holds for the western basin, likely because wetlands are so abundant in the central and eastern subregions that even random settlements fall within a 10-km foraging radius. The eastern subregion is the most suitable, having the lowest average distance to wetland habitats, and is the earliest occupied, which supports IFD predictions. This general pattern may help explain Paleoindian settlement patterns more broadly.","PeriodicalId":37319,"journal":{"name":"PaleoAmerica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45445438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}