British Journal of Environment and Climate Change最新文献

{"title":"Technical evaluation of Selexol-based CO2 capture process for a cement plant.","authors":"D. Tsunatu, I. Mohammed-Dabo, Saidu M. Waziri","doi":"10.9734/BJECC/2015/12482","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/BJECC/2015/12482","url":null,"abstract":"Cement industry accounts for the second largest emitter of anthropogenic greenhouse gas in the globe with 900 kg CO2 emitted into the atmosphere from producing one tonne of cement. Hence, the effort made to mitigate this issue seems not productive , which gives rise to the design of the carbon capture and sequestration [CCS] process which is one of the few ways obtained to greatly reduce CO2 production from the cement plant. The research work assessed the technology used for the cement plant by employing an old cement plant with post-combustion CO2 capture using physical solvent (Selexol). The Aspen Hysys simulation results show that the process can capture 97% of the CO2 and lean loading of 0.37. The Ashaka Cement Plant operates at maximum capacity of approx. 1 million tonnes cement /year with CO2 released at about 500,000 tonnes per year. The capture unit was able to reduce the CO2 released into the atmosphere from 4.86% to 0.13%. The overall result of the analysis shows that selexol has proven to be thermally and chemically stable under the operating conditions used. It is recommended that, the simulation results should be retrofitted into the Ashaka cement plant, in order to determine the best CO2 capture efficiency, performance which results to the choice of this capture technology.","PeriodicalId":373103,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Environment and Climate Change","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128730041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact Assessment of Household Demand Saving Technologies on System Water and Energy Use","authors":"A. Bello-Dambatta, Z. Kapelan, D. Butler","doi":"10.9734/BJECC/2014/4533","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/BJECC/2014/4533","url":null,"abstract":"Climate change, population growth, migration, urbanisation ,and ageing infrastructure will all impose significant strains on the urban water services in Europe, and cities across Europe will experience increasingly frequent shortfalls in supply/demand balance. It is widely accepted that the mitigation of these and other emerging challenges should be sensitive to increasing energy prices, the environment ,and the desire for low carbon intensity solutions. This paper presents the development of a new methodology for assessing the impact of household water savings from different water demand management interventions based on their water -related energy use and cost, as well as their impact on the supply/demand balance. T he methodology has been applied to the water distribution system of a European city to demonstrate its application using different water demand management interventions for different types of water savings. Sensitivity analysis for different popula tion growth rates that are representative of the different growth rates across the EU was carried out. The results show different degrees of water, energy,and cost savings can be achieved depending on the type (s) and proportion of household micro-compone nt appliances and fittings considered. In all the intervention strategies considered, there are important trade","PeriodicalId":373103,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Environment and Climate Change","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115274693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Climate Change Diplomacy- apparatus for climate change mitigation and adaptation: a reflection in the context of Bangladesh.","authors":"Mohammad Tarikul Islam","doi":"10.9734/BJECC/2014/9174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/BJECC/2014/9174","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this analysis is mainly to examine the current trend of climate change diplomacy carry forward by the Government of Bangladesh. This focus on effectiveness of Climate Change (CC) Diplomacy for the climate change victim nation like Bangladesh. Some interrelated issues addressed here are: (i) essence of climate change diplomacy for the developing nations mostly affected by climate induced disasters; (ii) performance of Bangladesh in the bilateral and multilateral negotiations. The findings of the analysis suggest that, climate change diplomacy of the government of Bangladesh is not formally fashioned yet to influence foreign governments and/or multilateral institutions towards extending highest support in mitigating and adapting the climate change impact. It is apparent that, climate change diplomacy does not seem to have emerged as an integral component of its international relations to complement the national efforts through tie up with international affiliations. The paper is concluded with a roadmap to make the climate change diplomacy more effective so that Bangladesh could avail optimum assistance from the international community/alliance to mitigate and adopt climate change for reduction of vulnerability of the community recurrently affected by climate change induced disasters. With the prominence of climate change diplomacy on the top, Bangladesh should have a strategy of playing a pro-active role at the international level in coming years. Such strategy would help Bangladesh to draw on the global assistance in favor of climate change mitigation and adaptation.","PeriodicalId":373103,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Environment and Climate Change","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122326812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of liquid fertilizer produced from sewage sludge by the hydrothermal process on the growth of Komatsuna.","authors":"Xiao Sun, H. Sumida, K. Yoshikawa","doi":"10.9734/BJECC/2014/11636","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/BJECC/2014/11636","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study is to evaluate the possibility of recycling the liquid product obtained from sewage sludge by the hydrothermal treatment as a kind of organic fertilizer and its effect on the plant growth. A small scale hydrothermal treatment experiment was performed and proved that the liquid product contains high content of nitrogen and low content of micronutrients. Therefore, the liquid product has the potential to be used as a kind of liquid fertilizer. In a seed germination test, the liquid product indicated low phytotoxicity. Moreover, in a Komatsuna cultivation experiment, the liquid product showed accelerate effect to the crop yield which is not lower than the chemical fertilizer. Through the low-temperature hydrothermal treatment, the sewage sludge was converted into liquid organic material that could be used as a delayed-release nitrogen fertilizer for the growth of Komatsuna. These results indicated the possibility of establishing a comprehensive system for recycling sewage sludge into a kind of organic fertilizer.","PeriodicalId":373103,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Environment and Climate Change","volume":"143 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122865229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of leachate pollution index and greenhouse gas emission at MSW dumpsites along Ganga River at Varanasi, India.","authors":"J. Pandey, P. Kaushik, S. Tripathi","doi":"10.9734/BJECC/2014/14306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/BJECC/2014/14306","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":373103,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Environment and Climate Change","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129327064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Municipal Effluent Reclamation Process Based on the Information of Cost Analysis and Environmental Impacts","authors":"Yu-de Huang, Hsin-Hsu Huang, C. Chu, Y. Chung","doi":"10.9734/BJECC/2014/8574","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/BJECC/2014/8574","url":null,"abstract":"Water shortage has now become a global issue.Reclamation of the effluent from municipal wastewater treatment plantisfeasiblefor supplying the quick growth of water requirement. The objective of this study was to conduct both the cost analysis and environmental impactevaluationof two reclamation processes: sand filterultrafiltration -reverse osmosis(SF-UF-RO) and sand filter-electrodialysis reversal (SF-EDR). The results will serve as a reference for selecting the process in the scale -up construction works. Two processes were installed in a reclamation pilot plant in Futian Water Resource Recycling Center (TaichungCity, Taiwan)and operatedin parallel to evaluate their stability and product quality. The cost analysis was conducted to estimate the capital requirement of building large -scale plant for reclaiming the effluent. The cost ofland construction, mechanical witequipment and operation with maintenance were all considered in the analysis .On the other hand, t he environmental assessment of these processes has been realized by Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). The software Sima Pro 7.3 was used as the LCA analysis tool.Four different evaluation methods, including Eco - indicator 99, Ecopoints 97, Impact 2002+ and CML 2 baseline 2000, were applied. The results show that the water quality of SF -EDR has similar potential in reclaiming the effluent from municipalwater resource recycling center as SF-UF-RO. The costofSF- EDR is lower thanthat ofSF-UF-RO. In the environmental analysis , the LCA demonstrates that SF-EDR may create more impacts on the environment due to more","PeriodicalId":373103,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Environment and Climate Change","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129656429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monitoring spatial and temporal seaweeds variation using remote sensing data in Al-Shoaiba coast, Red Sea.","authors":"G. A. E. Shoubaky, M. Kaiser","doi":"10.9734/BJECC/2014/10034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/BJECC/2014/10034","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: Spatial variability and temporal dynamics of benthic seaweeds using the field investigation and Landsat Thematic Mapper images Place and Duration of Study: Al - Shoaiba area, Saudi Arabia, Red Sea was investigated and the study area was divided into four sites extending about 10 km . The study period extended seasonally from summer 2011 to spring 2012. Methodology: The assessment of seaweeds abundance and distribution were performed using quadrate method . Methodology includes analyses of the Enhanced Landsat Thematic Mapper ( ETM+ ) images. Results: A total of 46 seaw eed taxa were collected from Al - Shoaiba region belonging to three different algal phyla to extend on reef flat to hundreds of yards to open sea. The field observations showed the broad macroalgal groups as optically mixture. The main confusion was distinguished between macroalgal groups. The contribution of seaweeds","PeriodicalId":373103,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Environment and Climate Change","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121069884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Climate change resilience and public education in response to hydrologic extremes in Singapore","authors":"C. Chang, K. Irvine","doi":"10.9734/BJECC/2014/13098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/BJECC/2014/13098","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: In February and March 2014, more than 300,000 households were affected by water rationing in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia and the surrounding State of Selangor. Further south, reservoir levels in Singapore were dropping, prompting the government to raise the water conservation rhetoric, but falling short of implementing water rationing schemes. The region experienced a dry spell that was unprecedented in the last 30 years. Preparedness for storms has been the \"talk of the town\" since the 2001, 2006 and 2007 extreme high precipitation events in the southern parts of the peninsula and in Singapore resulted in costly flood damage. While resilience has been a concept used frequently in climate change adaptation, it is derived from ecology, where it refers to the capacity of the system to respond to a disturbance and resist the impact or recover from the damage of the disturbance. This paper examines the case of Singapore as an urban area in responding to a similar extreme hydrologic phenomenon by examining the climate Original Research Article British Journal of Environment & Climate Change, 4(3): 328-354, 2014 329 change resilience of the small city-state, with a view to recommending some considerations in designing climate change adaptation strategies. Place of Study: Singapore and peninsular Malaysia. Methodology: The paper reviews the rainfall extremes statistics covering the last 30 years for Singapore and then takes a hydrologic event-based case study approach to more closely examine the impact of record storms and the drought of March 2014 to discuss aspects of resilience that can serve as lessons for tropical cities in future adaptation to a climate-changing world. Results: Extreme rainfall events have become more frequent in Singapore over the past 30 years, while February, 2014 was the driest February since 1869. February, 2014 also had the lowest recorded daily relative humidity at 74.5%. Tropical cyclones are not expected to hit Singapore because of its location near the equator, yet Typhoon Vamei made history by delivering 210 mm of rain on 27 December, 2001. Between 19 and 20 December, 2007 Singapore received 366 mm of rain and within the same week another storm deposited 140 mm of rain in a 24 hour period. While there were some environmental and health impacts related to the February 2014 drought, including low dissolved oxygen levels in water and a localized fish kill, as well as reports of greater human respiratory problems, Singapore was able to weather the drought by requesting voluntary conservation measures, prudent reservoir management, and increasing the output of NEWater and desalinized water. Recent extreme rainfall events have produced localized flooding, but Singapore has progressively pursued a program of improved drainage, stream naturalization, and implementation of Low Impact Development (LID) technology to reduce flood-prone areas from 3,200 ha in the 1970’s to 36 ha today. Conclusion: We do not suggest that all countr","PeriodicalId":373103,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Environment and Climate Change","volume":"32 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121005784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Desertification Inherent Status Using Factors Representing Ecological Resilience","authors":"A. Sepehr, C. Zucca, M. R. Nowjavan","doi":"10.9734/BJECC/2014/12353","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/BJECC/2014/12353","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In this research, desertification hazard has been analyzed by resilience range overeastern north of Iran. In this research was assumed that resilience of ecosystem refers toinherent properties of ecosystem. Soil erodibility, rainfall erosivity, topography and landcover- a reflection of land-use management- are assumed as representative factors ofresilience range in this study. In order to calculate resilience range an integrated mapwas developed based on the combination of erodibility, erosivity and slope factors.Ultimately desertification vulnerability was estimated by multiplying resilience range andland cover into resultant maps. Results indicated that about 44% of study area is fragileecosystems with high desertification vulnerability. Also the results showed that vegetationcover has main role to increase resilience potential of ecosystem to responseperturbations.Keywords: Resilience; desertification vulnerability; erodibility; Khorasan Razavi.Original Research Article","PeriodicalId":373103,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Environment and Climate Change","volume":"128 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128694961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Are diatom-based indices from Europe suitable for river health assessment in China? A case study from Taizi River, northeastern China.","authors":"Xiaodong Qu, Ying Zhou, R. Zhao, Catherine N. Bentsen, Xuwang Yin, Y. Zhang","doi":"10.9734/BJECC/2014/8577","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/BJECC/2014/8577","url":null,"abstract":"Aims :Diatom-based indices are widely used for river health assessment. Many such indices were originally developed in European countries based on a specific taxa list of benthic diatoms. Thus, the transferabil ity of these indices to other rivers and geographic locations has been questioned. Design,Place and Duration of Study:In this study, we sampled benthic diatoms in the","PeriodicalId":373103,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Environment and Climate Change","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126255874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}