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Brest Catechism (1553). The Confesional and Cultural Background of the First Publication of the Printing House in Brest 布雷斯特教义问答(1553)。布雷斯特印刷厂首次出版的历史与文化背景
Knygotyra Pub Date : 2023-07-18 DOI: 10.15388/knygotyra.2023.80.125
Dariusz Chemperek
{"title":"Brest Catechism (1553). The Confesional and Cultural Background of the First Publication of the Printing House in Brest","authors":"Dariusz Chemperek","doi":"10.15388/knygotyra.2023.80.125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15388/knygotyra.2023.80.125","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the article is to answer the question about the sources of inventio of the so-called Katechizm brzeski [Brest Catechism] showing the confessional and cultural basis of this print published in Brest-Litovsk in the first year of this publishing house’s operation. Printed in 1553, and created by an unknown writer, Katechizm brzeski is a product of various confessional tendencies and aspirations – religious, cultural and political – of the Lithuanian political class in the second half of the 16th century. The conclusions of the article are as following: 1. Katechizm brzeski was published in the second half of 1553. 2. This theologically eclectic catechism is an attempt to find iunctim between Martin Luther’s and John Calvin’s influences. The Lutheran influences prevail. 3. Katechizm brzeski’s author used not only the catechism of Jan Seklucjan (1544), but also two works by Urban Rhegius (catechism from 1543, Medicina animae in the Polish translation, 1551) and Catechismus minor (1527–1528) by Johannes Brenz. 4. The compiler was well versed in the Osiandrian controversy taking place in the 1550s in the nearby Ducal Prussia. As a supporter of Andreas Osiander, the compiler applied to the Katechizm brzeski his optimistic anthropology to the newest – formally Calvinist – catechism.","PeriodicalId":37220,"journal":{"name":"Knygotyra","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43305643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The reference apparatus in the bible of Matthew the tenth (1502–1507) 马太十世(1502-1507)圣经中的参考仪
Knygotyra Pub Date : 2023-07-18 DOI: 10.15388/knygotyra.2023.80.124
M. Korogodina
{"title":"The reference apparatus in the bible of Matthew the tenth (1502–1507)","authors":"M. Korogodina","doi":"10.15388/knygotyra.2023.80.124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15388/knygotyra.2023.80.124","url":null,"abstract":"In the second half of the 15th century, a reference apparatus began to be actively developed in Cyrillic manuscripts. This apparatus included prefaces and tables of contents to parts of books, as well as headers, footers, and marginal instructions containing the numbers and titles of chapters, footnotes, and glosses. It served as an aid for navigating a large volume. At the beginning of the 16th century, Matthew the Tenth compiled a Bible while living in Vilnius and Suprasl Monastery. A scribe not only made extensive use of those elements of the reference apparatus that were included in the manuscripts before him, but also significantly developed the reference system for numbering verses, chapters, and pericopes of the biblical text. Numbering became one of the main tools in Matthew the Tenth’s reference apparatus, and up to three or four different numberings could be used on one folio. In an effort to differentiate them, Matthew the Tenth made use of different colors of ink and unusual numbering systems, including both numerals from non-Cyrillic alphabets (Greek and Glagolitic) and numeral systems of his own invention. An additional tool in the reference apparatus of Matthew the Tenth was the system of footnotes which are placed in the margins and use special signs. For this, the scribe used his own system of footnotes which was designed on the basis of musical notation signs.The Bible of Matthew the Tenth, the predecessor to the biblical editions of Francysk Skaryna, shows how quickly and in what an unusual manner the reference apparatus was developed in the late 15th – first half of the 16th century.","PeriodicalId":37220,"journal":{"name":"Knygotyra","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48255190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Production of Vernacular Catechisms in Early Modern Königsberg (1545–1575), Its Dynamics and Goals Defined by the Print Agents 柯尼斯堡早期(1545-1575)的白话教理学的产生,其动力和印刷代理人确定的目标
Knygotyra Pub Date : 2023-07-18 DOI: 10.15388/knygotyra.2023.80.127
Wojciech Kordyzon
{"title":"Production of Vernacular Catechisms in Early Modern Königsberg (1545–1575), Its Dynamics and Goals Defined by the Print Agents","authors":"Wojciech Kordyzon","doi":"10.15388/knygotyra.2023.80.127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15388/knygotyra.2023.80.127","url":null,"abstract":"This paper discusses the development of the vernacular catechism as a printed genre. The process is exemplified by the editions published in Königsberg between 1545 and 1575 where the catechisms were printed in several vernacular languages (German, Lithuanian, Polish, Prussian) in printing shops run by Hans Weinreich, Aleksander Aujezdecki, and Hans Daubmann. The paper seeks to analyse the material in terms of linguistic coverage in the Duchy of Prussia and, via analysis of the peritextual elements, how the print agents presented their work to the recipients. The aspects of book design, such as the volume, format, and decorations, are included in the analysis to indicate the intended book prestige and usage.","PeriodicalId":37220,"journal":{"name":"Knygotyra","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42726097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Vilniaus universiteto rektoriaus sveikinimo žodis tarptautinėje mokslinėje konferencijoje „Pranciškus Skorina ir Re­nesanso knygos kultūra. Skorinos „Mažajai kelionių knygelei“ – 500“ 祝贺维尔纽斯大学校长出席法国学校教育与文艺复兴时期图书文化国际科学会议。“小型旅行手册”-500“
Knygotyra Pub Date : 2023-07-18 DOI: 10.15388/knygotyra.2023.80.120
Rimvydas Petrauskas
{"title":"Vilniaus universiteto rektoriaus sveikinimo žodis tarptautinėje mokslinėje konferencijoje „Pranciškus Skorina ir Re­nesanso knygos kultūra. Skorinos „Mažajai kelionių knygelei“ – 500“","authors":"Rimvydas Petrauskas","doi":"10.15388/knygotyra.2023.80.120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15388/knygotyra.2023.80.120","url":null,"abstract":"Gerbiami kolegos, \u0000šiais metais minime reikšmingą Lietuvos Didžiosios Kuni­gaikštystės (LDK) kultūros istorijos įvykį – Pranciškaus Skorinos spaustuvės įkūrimą Vilniuje ir knygų spausdinimo pradžią Lietuvoje. Spaustuvė buvo įkurta LDK sostinėje, ir nors ji veikė tik kelerius metus, tai buvo didingos istorijos pradžia. Kaip gražiai rašoma šios konferencijos programos įžangoje, „Lietuvos Didžioji Kunigaikštystė tapo Gutenbergo galaktikos dalimi“. \u0000Istorikai, filologai ir menotyrininkai kelias dienas diskutuos apie šį istorinį įvykį, įvairiais aspektais nagrinės jo kultūrinį kontekstą ir pasekmes. Ypač norėčiau pabrėžti šios konferencijos tarpdiscipliniškumą, leidžiantį dalytis žiniomis ir jas gilinti. Akivaizdu, kad Pranciškaus Skorinos spaustuvė yra daugiakultūrės ir daugiakonfesės LDK tradicijos reiškinys. Skorina buvo kilęs iš LDK baltarusiškų žemių, studijavo Paduvoje, paskui dirbo tarp Prahos ir Vilniaus, kur galiausiai pradėjo leisti stačiatikių knygas. Pirmosios jo išleistos knygos pavadinimas buvo „Mažoji kelionių knygelė“. Ir šis pavadinimas gerai atspindi paties Skorinos, kaip ir daugelio kitų to meto literatų, judrumą, nors numatoma pavadinimo prasmė kiek kitokia. \u0000XVI a. pradžia buvo reikšmingas LDK istorijos laikotarpis. Tuo metu buvo kodifikuota teisė (Pirmasis Lietuvos Statutas), parašyta pirmoji išsami Lietuvos istorija ir pirmieji originalūs grožinės literatūros kūriniai. Šiame kontekste Skorinos spaustuvės įkūrimas atspindi ir augantį tuometės visuomenės politinį sąmoningumą ir jos raštingumą. \u0000Bet grįžkime į dabartį. Džiaugiuosi galėdamas pasveikinti Jus Vilniuje. Tokių asmeninių konferencijų mums visiems labai trūko. Tačiau negalime pamiršti dabartinės politinės situacijos. Turime atsakingai elgtis su istorija. Ir mums skubiai reikia išnagrinėti, kokie turėtų būti naujos Europos ir pasaulio politikos pagrindai. Visas šis mąstymas turi būti racionalus, kryptingas, grįstas žiniomis ir kontekstu. Būtent tai mes, akademikai, galime suteikti visuomenėms, apimtoms karo nerimo, manipuliuojamoms žiniasklaidos ir šališkos propagandos. Būtent taip mes, akademinė bendruomenė, parodome, kokie svarbūs esame išoriniam pasauliui. Kaip Skorina pripažino spausdintų tekstų naudą visuomenei, taip ir mes visi pripažįstame tikslios informacijos sklaidos vertę ir savo pareigą kovoti su dezinformacija. Tačiau sakyti tiesą valdžiai ir ginti tai, kas teisinga, reikia drąsos. \u0000Todėl norėčiau pasveikinti kolegas iš Baltarusijos ir Ukrainos. Daugelis iš jų dėl įvairių priežasčių negali eiti savo nuolatinių pareigų, o kai kurie turi vadintis „nepriklausomais tyrėjais“, nes dėl savo pažiūrų neteko darbo. Sveikiname Jus Lietuvoje, Vilniuje, ir esame visada pasirengę Jus paremti. \u0000Baigdamas savo kalbą norėčiau palinkėti produktyvios ir prasmingos konferencijos bei maloniai praleisti laiką Vilniuje. Kitais metais [t. y. 2023 m. – vyr. red. pastaba] švęsime mūsų sostinės 700 metų jubiliejų. 1323 m. Lietuvos didysis kunigaikštis Gediminas pakvietė žmones iš visos","PeriodicalId":37220,"journal":{"name":"Knygotyra","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43832121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
“And he wept over Jerusalem”: On possible sources of Francysk Skaryna’s engra¬ving of prophet Jeremiah in Bivlia Ruska “他为耶路撒冷哭泣”:关于Francysk Skaryna在billia Ruska中雕刻先知耶利米的可能来源
Knygotyra Pub Date : 2023-07-18 DOI: 10.15388/knygotyra.2023.80.122
O. Shutova
{"title":"“And he wept over Jerusalem”: On possible sources of Francysk Skaryna’s engra¬ving of prophet Jeremiah in Bivlia Ruska","authors":"O. Shutova","doi":"10.15388/knygotyra.2023.80.122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15388/knygotyra.2023.80.122","url":null,"abstract":"The article discusses the possibilities of understanding the woodcuts of Francysk Skaryna’s Bivlia ruska from the perspective of the intellectual ‘cosmos’ in the Renaissance Europe. We shall focus on the engraving “Jeremiah the prophet of the Lord weeps while looking at Jerusalem” (árámia púrr¼k7 g³dán6 pla+át6 glád3 na árusali, Скорина Ф. Книжка рекомая плачь Еремиинъ, hereinafter: The Book of Lamentations) putting it in the context of the iconography of this biblical character in the Renaissance. The article warns against ‘inscribing’ Skaryna’s image of Jeremiah in already-prepared schemes. Leaving open the solution of the possible visual sources of Skaryna’s engravings, we would like to avoid its traditional reading, based mainly on classifications, too often subjective and artificial. Our reading of Jeremiah is based on the study of his visual representations widespread in the Renaissance Europe in the late 15th and the early 16th centuries (Albrecht Dürer’s woodcut St. Anthony Reading from 1519; Hartmann Schedel’s Liber Chronicarum, 1493; Biblia vulgare istoriata, 1490, translated by N. Malermi; Biblij Czěská, w Benatkach tisstěná, 1506; Bernard von Breydenbach’s Sanctae peregrinationes, 1486; Werner Rolewinck’s Fasciculus temporum omnes antiquorum cronicas complectens, 1473/74 and its Venetian reprints by E. Ratdolf in the 1480s, etc.). The article emphasizes the importance to frame this iconography in the philosophical and aesthetical contexts of Francysk Skaryna’s epoch (by appealing to such sources as Dürer’s diaries, the works of Marsilio Ficino, quotations of F. Skaryna himself, etc.). We shall examine the plot, the characteristic features of Jerusalem landscape, architecture, religious symbols, and clothes represented at Jeremiah’s engraving in Bivlia ruska to seek the possible sources and inspirations of this engraving, while emphasizing its original character.","PeriodicalId":37220,"journal":{"name":"Knygotyra","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47937333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The State of Digitization of Documentary Heritage in Scientific Libraries of Ukraine 乌克兰科技图书馆文献遗产数字化现状
Knygotyra Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.15388/knygotyra.2022.79.126
M. Shevchenko, A. Solianyk
{"title":"The State of Digitization of Documentary Heritage in Scientific Libraries of Ukraine","authors":"M. Shevchenko, A. Solianyk","doi":"10.15388/knygotyra.2022.79.126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15388/knygotyra.2022.79.126","url":null,"abstract":"Based on the survey results of the leading scientific libraries of Ukraine, the article reveals the current trends in the digitization of library collections. The authors explore the current state of search services for digitized documents by libraries; user access modes to digital copies of documents (public, restricted, local); the ways to register the users for access to full-text digital repositories. The necessity of adopting the National Program for Digitization of Documentation Heritage and its implementation at the corporate level is substantiated. Recommendations for improving the efficiency of digitization of documents by libraries of Ukraine, improving search tools and user-friendly access to digital repositories are given.","PeriodicalId":37220,"journal":{"name":"Knygotyra","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48253107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Genovaitė Tėvelytė-Raguotienė (1931 06 27–2022 08 19) 热诺瓦伊特韦利特-拉古蒂恩(27.6.1931–19.8.2022)
Knygotyra Pub Date : 2022-12-30 DOI: 10.15388/knygotyra.2022.79.131
Arvydas Pacevičius
{"title":"Genovaitė Tėvelytė-Raguotienė (1931 06 27–2022 08 19)","authors":"Arvydas Pacevičius","doi":"10.15388/knygotyra.2022.79.131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15388/knygotyra.2022.79.131","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p>-</jats:p>","PeriodicalId":37220,"journal":{"name":"Knygotyra","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48724300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Application of Bibliotherapy in Gestalt Therapy: Fiction Books as a Stimulant of Personality Transformation 书目疗法在格式塔治疗中的应用——小说作为人格转换的兴奋剂
Knygotyra Pub Date : 2022-12-30 DOI: 10.15388/knygotyra.2022.79.124
Jurgita Girčienė, Daiva Žukauskienė
{"title":"Application of Bibliotherapy in Gestalt Therapy: Fiction Books as a Stimulant of Personality Transformation","authors":"Jurgita Girčienė, Daiva Žukauskienė","doi":"10.15388/knygotyra.2022.79.124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15388/knygotyra.2022.79.124","url":null,"abstract":"The theory of the Gestalt therapy which is based on the humanist attitude towards the personality is applied in the social work, education, etc. It is considered to serve as a foundation of interactive bibliotherapy. However, as the professional discourse of the experts of Gestalt has demonstrated, and as it has been proven by the lack of research of the application of bibliotherapy in Gestalt therapy, bibliotherapy is still being underused as an option in Gestalt treatment. Generally, even though the interdisciplinary field of bibliotherapy has been extensively explored, there is an incentive to share the scarce (in terms of quantity) models of the applied nature which would define how bibliotherapy could be systematically involved into various consultation practices with the objective to enhance their efficiency. \u0000The article presents one of the possible models of practical application of interactive bibliotherapy in the Gestalt practice which is based on the triple dialogue (in interaction with the therapist) and written reflection of brief fictional texts. The model is based on the grounds of aligning the paradigms of Gestalt therapy and bibliotherapy. Cases of 60 clients who were being applied bibliotherapy throughout the 7 years of operation of one practice were explored with the emphasis on the qualitative aspect. The results of the research proved the appropriateness of bibliotherapy as a secondary means to be applied in Gestalt therapy. It has been established that, under the appropriate field conditions, the properly selected fictional text as the mediator through the dialogue-based reflection with the therapist may help the client to perceive his/her unsatisfied needs and to alter in the desired direction within a shorter timeframe, i.e., it enables personality transformation. In such cases, works of fiction serve the function of the stimulants of the authentic intrapersonal communication (i.e., one’s inner experiences and their inner reflection) and the amplifying or reinforcing function of the stimulants of interpersonal communication. This corroborates the data of neurological research indicating that fiction intensively stimulates and even (trans)forms the intellectual and emotional self- and world perception of a reading individual. \u0000The presented model of the application of bibliotherapy may be beneficial not only for the practitioners of Gestalt, but also for librarians, social workers and education specialists as well as the practitioners of therapies of other types, while especially considering the lack of systematic descriptions of the application of bibliotherapy as an additional and enhancing means, which has been highlighted in the relevant literature.","PeriodicalId":37220,"journal":{"name":"Knygotyra","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41938844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Lithuanian Postcard in the struggle against Imperial Russia 立陶宛明信片在对抗俄国帝国的斗争中
Knygotyra Pub Date : 2022-12-30 DOI: 10.15388/knygotyra.2022.79.121
Domas Kaunas
{"title":"Lithuanian Postcard in the struggle against Imperial Russia","authors":"Domas Kaunas","doi":"10.15388/knygotyra.2022.79.121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15388/knygotyra.2022.79.121","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to a peculiar episode of the struggle of Lithuanians against the policy of persecution based on nationality which was pursued by Imperial Russia between 1864 and 1904. Its participants were representatives of the parts of the Lithuanian nation separated by the border between Germany and the Russian Empire – Martynas Jankus (1858–1946), a German citizen, a Lithuanian of East Prussia, the owner of a printing office in Tilsit (Lith. Tilžė, currently Sovetsk, a town in Kaliningrad Oblast, the Russian Federation) and a group of Lithuanian young people who were operating illegally, a group of citizens of the Russian Empire. The time under discussion is the 1890s. During that period, the Lithuanian national movement was rapidly developing and strengthening while striving to bring together both parts of the nation and the USA-based Lithuanian diaspora community. One of the most important measures of the common struggle was the distribution of publications printed in Latin characters in the Lithuanian language which were banned to be published in the territory of Russia but were legally printed in East Prussia and smuggled across the border into Lithuania. From there, the publications were sent to Lithuanian communities all over the Russian Empire. This struggle resulted in victory: the ban was lifted by Order of the Cabinet of Ministers of Russia issued in 1904. \u0000To strengthen the political opposition, Lithuanian intellectuals printed not only books, brochures and newspapers but also various minor publications – political leaflets. Students of Russian universities and Lithuanian intellectuals graduates of these higher education institutions prepared texts and sent funds intended for their publication to the printing offices of Lithuanians and Germans in East Prussia. The number of such leaflets surviving to the present day is very small. One of these publications was an anonymous card of the size of a standard German postcard (95 x 140 mm). Thus far, three of them have been found in Lithuanian libraries and archives, and one has been discovered in the National Library of Russia in Saint Petersburg. A composition of two illustrations is printed on one side of the card: a Lithuanian countrywoman and a Cossack standing in front of her with a raised whip and a bottle of vodka as a gift for obedience. This symbolised a spread of orthodoxy and the deportation of Lithuanians from their native land. The following exclamation of the Cossack is printed: Are you a Lithuanian? Go to Russia! The explanation of the content of the illustration and the encouragement (first of all, to Catholic believers) to oppose the plans of the authorities are printed in small characters. They are related to the colonisation of Siberia. The statements are well-grounded, the exposition of the subject is logical and written in the correct Lithuanian language. Most probably, it was created by the graduate of the Faculty of Law of the University of Moscow Vladas Mač","PeriodicalId":37220,"journal":{"name":"Knygotyra","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45030561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Documentary Heritage of 1773–1923 of Siberian Archives with Significance to Lithuania 对立陶宛具有重要意义的西伯利亚档案馆1773-1923年文献遗产
Knygotyra Pub Date : 2022-12-30 DOI: 10.15388/knygotyra.2022.79.127
V. Bilotas
{"title":"Documentary Heritage of 1773–1923 of Siberian Archives with Significance to Lithuania","authors":"V. Bilotas","doi":"10.15388/knygotyra.2022.79.127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15388/knygotyra.2022.79.127","url":null,"abstract":"Extensive archival documentation related to Lithuania and Lithuanians is kept in Russia, and not only in St. Petersburg or Moscow. Archival cases of Lithuanians containing high numbers of ego-documents, are dispersed throughout the vast territory, and are especially numerous in the Siberian memory institutions. Thanks to the project Lithuanian Sibiriada, copies of documents brought from Tobolsk, Tomsk, Krasnoyarsk and Irkutsk can be found in the Lithuanian State Historical Archives. By using the analysis of documents and the method of classification, this article tries to systematize the information about the relevant materials found in the state archives of Siberia and to determine their typology. The studied documentation covering the period between 1773 and 1923 was found to belong to such areas of public life as politics, economics, science, education, culture, religion, administration, law, statistics, labor, and migration. These are documents (ranging from drafts and copies to official originals) produced by Lithuanians themselves, scribes, state officials not only in Siberia, but also in Lithuania, St. Petersburg or other parts of the Russian Empire. By type, among the discovered documents, there are decrees and manifests, deportation sentences, appointment letters, certificates, sheets, decisions, court records, lists, metrics, reports, reviews, statistics, financial documents. In terms of ego-documents, letters, requests, complaints, explanations, and wills can be found. With such texts, people sought to report, ask, defend themselves or those close to them, or bequeath property. The government created documents with the purpose of informing, registering, taxing, deporting, liberating, accommodating, employing, accumulating data; (not) issuing permits, allowances, salaries. Photos were taken for the mass media, identification, or inspection. Siberian documents touch on such topics as the uprisings, the annexation of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, attempts of Russification, exiles and prisoners, police surveillance, deaths, liberation, return to the social group, employment, marriage, obtaining a passport, business, resettlement, return to Lithuania. Documentary testimonies are available about free Lithuanians in Siberia: workers and farmers, students and teachers, businesspeople and craftsmen, doctors and priests, officials and various specialists, war refugees and repatriates. The addressees of the letters were the governors’ offices, directorates, courts, various institutions, officials, private people. The study showed that, between 1773 and 1923, Siberian documents about Lithuanians most frequently concern the deported persons (political, criminal), their data and applications. Yet, there are also archival cases significant for the history of Lithuania about the Lithuanian colonies, various specialists, famous personalities, businesspeople, about events in Lithuania itself.","PeriodicalId":37220,"journal":{"name":"Knygotyra","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44936736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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