{"title":"Power components under nonsinusoidal conditions using a power multivector","authors":"Anthoula Menti, T. Zacharias, J. Milias-Argitis","doi":"10.1109/ISNCC.2010.5524495","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISNCC.2010.5524495","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a description of power components in single-phase circuits under nonsinusoidal conditions is provided from a quantitative as well as a qualitative perspective. The representation of power is based on Geometric Algebra, a mathematical tool that provides the means to encode all the necessary information in a single entity. This entity is the power multivector, which is analogous to complex power under sinusoidal conditions. An interpretation of each power component is then derived, based on a generalization of the concept of mutual coupling. It is also verified that this approach is consistent with other well-established methods.","PeriodicalId":371843,"journal":{"name":"2010 International School on Nonsinusoidal Currents and Compensation","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132245021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Milton Castro-Núñez, Róbinson Castro-Puche, E. Nowicki
{"title":"The use of geometric algebra in circuit analysis and its impact on the definition of power","authors":"Milton Castro-Núñez, Róbinson Castro-Puche, E. Nowicki","doi":"10.1109/ISNCC.2010.5524519","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISNCC.2010.5524519","url":null,"abstract":"Geometric algebras of the Euclidean 2-dimensional and 3-dimensional spaces have been used to analyze electric circuits with linear and harmonic generating loads (HGLs). It is shown in this paper that with both loads, time domain signals may be transformed to the Gn domain such that the resulting multivectors permit circuit analysis through rotations and dilation-contractions of the excitation signal. The power equation, in particular, is created by applying the geometric product of the voltage and current multivectors and is suitable for linear and nonlinear loads. This is in contrast to commonly used frequency analysis methods where the reactive power cannot be obtained in correspondence with its definition in the time domain and it fails at providing a unified power equation for linear and HGLs. We interpret the proposed power equation in the frequency and time domains and introduce an analogous quantity to the reactive power Q, the CN-power, for circuits with nonlinear loads. A power factor equation applicable to both loads is also presented. The resulting one-to-one correspondence between the time domain and the Gn domain avoids eliminating any component from the power equation in the time domain. Single-phase circuit examples are provided.","PeriodicalId":371843,"journal":{"name":"2010 International School on Nonsinusoidal Currents and Compensation","volume":"189 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133197174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"CPC-based comparison of compensation goals in systems with nonsinusoidal voltages and currents","authors":"L. Czarnecki, Samuel S. Pearce","doi":"10.1109/ISNCC.2010.5524472","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISNCC.2010.5524472","url":null,"abstract":"There is some level of confusion upon goals of compensation in systems with nonsinusoidal voltages and currents (NV&C), especially considering that compensation with switched compensators is a recursive process. This recursive nature of compensation is often ignored in discussions on compensation. This paper presents results of studies on recursive compensation with a switching compensator, aimed at reducing the supply current to its active component, defined according to Fryze, according to CPC power Theory, and to its working component. The paper also shows that the instantaneous reactive power p–q theory-based algorithm for switching compensator control, does not provide, in the presence of the supply voltage harmonics and/or asymmetry, right control of such compensators.","PeriodicalId":371843,"journal":{"name":"2010 International School on Nonsinusoidal Currents and Compensation","volume":"179 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134216033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Application of Conservative Power Theory to cooperative control of distributed compensators in smart grids","authors":"H. K. Morales Paredes, A. Costabeber, P. Tenti","doi":"10.1109/ISNCC.2010.5524488","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISNCC.2010.5524488","url":null,"abstract":"Smart grids are characterized by the availability of distributed energy resources (DER), including power switching interfaces (PSI) to connect to the grid. This creates a new scenario for the management of power grids, because DER increase the power capability and flexibility of the network at the expense of a higher complexity of control. If properly driven, however, PSI can improve power quality and distribution efficiency. On the contrary, every control misbehavior can cause voltage instability and/or circulation of useless currents, with the risk to affect network operation. Moreover, especially in case of islanded operation, smart grids can suffer from voltage distortion, asymmetry, and frequency variations, which may affect control accuracy and stability. In such a context, a cooperative control approach of PSI and any other electronic power processors (EPP) acting in the grid is needed, to ensure proper network operation even under severely disturbed conditions. This paper shows that the Conservative Power Theory (CPT) provides a viable background for the development of an optimum control technique of distributed EPP.","PeriodicalId":371843,"journal":{"name":"2010 International School on Nonsinusoidal Currents and Compensation","volume":"85 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128006403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Centralized normalization of voltage harmonics in the network with distributed nonlinear load by the third-order filters","authors":"L. Kovernikova","doi":"10.1109/ISNCC.2010.5524500","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISNCC.2010.5524500","url":null,"abstract":"The paper studies the problems on centralized normalization of harmonic voltages in the network with distributed nonlinear loads by the passive third-order filters. The nonlinear loads are connected to the extended HV network at practically equal distances. Each nonlinear load is of sufficiently high power and causes sizable distortions in the supply network. The harmonic voltage values at the nodes of nonlinear loads connection to the supply network exceed the limits established by the standard. The paper addresses the problems of choosing the passive third-order filters: choice of the node for filter installation, calculation of filter parameters, evaluation of the efficiency of chosen filters for centralized normalization of harmonic voltages at the network nodes. An example of choosing filters for the real 220 kV network supplying power to traction loads is given.","PeriodicalId":371843,"journal":{"name":"2010 International School on Nonsinusoidal Currents and Compensation","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125747613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Three-phase AC systems interfaced by current source matrix converter with space vector modulation","authors":"Z. Fedyczak, G. Tadra, P. Szcześniak","doi":"10.1109/ISNCC.2010.5524512","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISNCC.2010.5524512","url":null,"abstract":"The paper deals with three-phase AC systems interfaced by frequency converter without DC storage. As an interface between AC systems the current source matrix converter (CSMC) with space vector modulation (SVM) is used. First the averaged state space models are formulated. Next, the results of the analysis based on two frequency D–Q transformation method are presented. Furthermore simulation and experimental test results of ca 1 kVA laboratory model are presented to confirm of the discussed circuit properties.","PeriodicalId":371843,"journal":{"name":"2010 International School on Nonsinusoidal Currents and Compensation","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114661107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Conservative Power Theory, sequence components and accountability in smart grids","authors":"P. Tenti, P. Mattavelli, H. K. Morales Paredes","doi":"10.1109/ISNCC.2010.5524473","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISNCC.2010.5524473","url":null,"abstract":"Smart grids offer a new challenging domain for power theories and compensation techniques, because they include a variety of intermittent power sources which can have dynamic impact on power flow, voltage regulation, and distribution losses. When operating in the islanded mode, smart micro-grids can also exhibit considerable variation of amplitude and frequency of the voltage supplied to the loads, thus affecting power quality and network stability. Due to the limited power capability of smart micro-grids, voltage distortion can also get worse, affecting measurement accuracy and possibly causing tripping of protections. In such a context, a reconsideration of power theories is required, since they form the basis for supply and load characterization and accountability. A revision of control techniques for harmonic and reactive compensators is also required, because they operate in a strongly interconnected environment and must perform cooperatively to face system dynamics, ensure power quality and limit distribution losses. This paper shows that the Conservative Power Theory (CPT) provides a suitable background to cope with smart grids characterization needs, and a platform for the development of cooperative control techniques for distributed switching power processors and static reactive compensators.","PeriodicalId":371843,"journal":{"name":"2010 International School on Nonsinusoidal Currents and Compensation","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114562717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Pole-restraining control of three-phase Active Front End","authors":"C. Heising, M. Oettmeier, V. Staudt","doi":"10.1109/ISNCC.2010.5524507","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISNCC.2010.5524507","url":null,"abstract":"State-of-the-art control approaches often neglect the time-variant characteristics of power-electronic systems in favour of a time-averaged approach. In consequence, the resulting system is partly instable, thus not optimally controlled. The pole-restraining control (PRC) removes the inherent instability, giving considerably improved dynamic behaviour. These improvements are demonstrated for three-phase Active Front Ends (AFE). The essentials of the pole-restraining control approach are explained, the improved transient behaviour is illustrated by comparison to other state-of-the-art control schemes.","PeriodicalId":371843,"journal":{"name":"2010 International School on Nonsinusoidal Currents and Compensation","volume":"144 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123138197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Power electronics active filter with controlled dynamics and improved EMC","authors":"M. Gwóźdź","doi":"10.1109/ISNCC.2010.5524510","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISNCC.2010.5524510","url":null,"abstract":"Present tendencies of evaluation current distortion compensation methods aim to work out such compensator (serial or parallel active filter) which would be able to realize real time compensation of current distortions. The assumed aim of parallel active filter work is dynamic compensation of differential current which is the difference between load current and reference current. Unfortunately, dynamics of every real power electronics current source, being essential part of parallel filter, is limited. Proposed idea of increasing dynamics of active filter depends on temporarily changing inductance of coil at the output of such current source. For improving EMC of filter this coil is powered via low-pass filter. The paper presents idea of such modified parallel power electronics active filter and investigation results of simulation model.","PeriodicalId":371843,"journal":{"name":"2010 International School on Nonsinusoidal Currents and Compensation","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133874674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Modeling and analysis of dynamic properties of the hybrid transformer with MRC","authors":"J. Kaniewski, Z. Fedyczak","doi":"10.1109/ISNCC.2010.5524503","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISNCC.2010.5524503","url":null,"abstract":"this paper deals with the modelling and analysis of dynamic properties of the three-phase AC transformer with electromagnetic and electric (hybrid) coupling. The electromagnetic coupling is realized by means of the conventional transformer. The electrical coupling is realized by means of a matrix-reactance chopper (MRC), which is supplied from an auxiliary secondary winding of the transformer. In this paper there are descriptions of the proposed solution, with a presentation of their modeling and analysis of their dynamic properties.","PeriodicalId":371843,"journal":{"name":"2010 International School on Nonsinusoidal Currents and Compensation","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132653386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}