2023 12th Asia-Pacific International Conference on Lightning (APL)最新文献

{"title":"Comparison of thunderstorm characteristics between Changdu and Wuhan in China based on spatio-temporal clustering of LLS data","authors":"Ze Liu, Yu Wang, Lei Zhang, Fengquan Li, Dawei Wu, Bingjie Bai","doi":"10.1109/APL57308.2023.10182111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APL57308.2023.10182111","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a method of thunderstorm clustering, identification and tracking based on lightning location data. The clustering and identification of thunderstorm is realized using density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise (DBSCAN). And thunderstorm tracking is realized by using moving speed threshold and thunderstorm cluster merging or splitting judgment. The thunderstorm characteristics of Changdu $(31.14^{circ}N, 97.19^{circ}E$, 3.36 km above sea level) and Wuhan $(30.60^{circ}N, 114.31^{circ}E$, 0.02 km above sea level) in China were compared by this method. Five parameters were analyzed, including the duration, area, flash frequency, median current amplitude and movement velocity of the thunderstorm cluster. The results show that: (1) the region of thunderstorm cluster obtained by this method coincides with the radar echo above 30dBZ, which can well represent the development trend of the thunderstorm cluster; (2) The duration time, area and flash frequency of thunderstorms in Wuhan were significantly higher than that in Changdu. The maximum area of thunderstorms in Wuhan was almost 6 times that in Changdu, while the positive lightning current amplitude was less than that in Changdu. The duration of Type A thunderstorms organized by convective cells or multi-cell storms in the same area is slightly longer than that of type B thunderstorms with little or no movement velocity, and type A thunderstorms also produce higher flash frequency.","PeriodicalId":371726,"journal":{"name":"2023 12th Asia-Pacific International Conference on Lightning (APL)","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131264407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research on Effect of Shield Wire for 10 kV Distribution Lines via Triggered Lightning","authors":"L. Cai, Changfeng Xu, Jinxin Cao, Mi Zhou, Yadong Fan, Jianguo Wang","doi":"10.1109/APL57308.2023.10181877","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APL57308.2023.10181877","url":null,"abstract":"This article studies the performance of lightning-induced overvoltage (LIV) on a 1513-meter-length overhead distribution line in the absence or presence of shield wire, via a rocket-triggered lightning observational experiment. The variation of overvoltage at the pole nearest to the lightning channel are analyzed. It’s found that whether the shield wire is installed or not has little influence on the waveform characteristics of the induced overvoltage, but mainly affects the voltage amplitude. The shield wire primarily reduces the positive peak value and peak-to-peak value but has little influence on the negative peak value. The impact of shield wire on amplitude is analyzed by using the ratio of the average statistical data under the condition with or without shield wire. For peak-to-peak value, the closer to the shield wire, the smaller the ratio is, the ratio of phase A is about 0.78, while the ratio of phase C is about 0.88.","PeriodicalId":371726,"journal":{"name":"2023 12th Asia-Pacific International Conference on Lightning (APL)","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126911614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ground strike point properties derived from observations of the European Lightning Location System EUCLID","authors":"D. Poelman, H. Kohlmann, W. Schulz, S. Pedeboy, Lukas Schwalt","doi":"10.1109/APL57308.2023.10182055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APL57308.2023.10182055","url":null,"abstract":"In order to evaluate the lightning risk to a particular structure, it is common practice to follow the guidelines set out in IEC 62305-2, i.e., the reference standard for lightning risk calculation. Amongst the various components that influence the total risk, the flash density is a key parameter. However, flashes have on average more than one ground termination point. This study seeks to ascertain whether existing ground strike point (GSP) algorithms estimate correctly the actual observed number of GSPs per flash based on observations made by high-speed cameras. In addition, lightning data as observed by the European Cooperation for Lightning Detection (EUCLID) network are used in combination with a particular GSP algorithm to retrieve the temporal behavior of GSPs in two topographically different regions in Europe, i.e., Austria and Belgium, over a ten-year period from 2012 to 2021. We find that although most GSP algorithms over-or underestimate to some extent the number of GSPs per flash, this number is fairly close to the observed value as derived from the ground-truth observations. Furthermore, it is found that the average number of GSPs per flash is highest during the summer months. Finally, a diurnal trend is visible where the number of GSPs per flash is lowest between 12 and 18 UTC (Universal Time Coordinated).","PeriodicalId":371726,"journal":{"name":"2023 12th Asia-Pacific International Conference on Lightning (APL)","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123654907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance of Bentonite and Vermiculite Mixtures as Grounding Enhancement Materials","authors":"W. F. Wan Ahmad, J. Jasni, P. Krishnan, M. Ab-Kadir","doi":"10.1109/APL57308.2023.10181413","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APL57308.2023.10181413","url":null,"abstract":"Grounding means connecting an electrical circuit or device to the ground. During lightning, high voltage could be developed in the electrical distribution system wires. Therefore, grounding system provides a safe return path around the electrical system and minimizes damage from such occurrences. A good grounding system has very low resistance value. Low earth resistance will ensure that any high fault current will be directed into ground due to low resistive path presented. Earth resistance varies with certain soil specifications, i.e. moisture, salt content, temperature, types and compactness. Note that in this study, soil is treated using natural enhancement material in order to improvise its moisture retaining capability. Four grounding systems with copper conductors were installed with NEM mixtures for their performances to be contrasted with a Reference grounding system with no NEM added to the vicinity of the ground conductor. The selected NEMs were Bentonite and Vermiculite with different ratios, i.e. 100% Bentonite, 100% Vermiculite, Bentonite and Vermiculite Mix A, and Bentonite and Vermiculite Mix B. Note that all five grounding systems were installed near to SGS, UPM with their daily earth resistance measurements were done for more than 100 days, i.e. from 1st Feb 2019 until 22nd May 2019. By applying 0° separation angle and 62% method, the average earth resistance value was obtained, and the best performed grounding system installation in descending order were identified to be Bentonite and Vermiculite Mix A, 100% Bentonite, Bentonite and Vermiculite Mix B, and 100% Vermiculite with their measured earth resistance values were demonstrated to be 28.06%, 32.54%, 58.89%, and 103.95%, respectively compared to the earth resistance value of the Reference grounding system on day-0. Thus, 100% Vermiculite may not be suitable to be used as NEM in grounding system but Bentonite and Vermiculite Mix A could be said to be better and comparable to Bentonite which could be proposed as a new grounding enhancement mixture. Note that Bentonite ratio was more in Mix A compared to Mix B.","PeriodicalId":371726,"journal":{"name":"2023 12th Asia-Pacific International Conference on Lightning (APL)","volume":"27 19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116933473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Year of Global Lightning Deaths and Injuries","authors":"R. Holle","doi":"10.1109/APL57308.2023.10181756","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APL57308.2023.10181756","url":null,"abstract":"In 2003, the author, with Dr. R. López, proposed an annual global toll of 24,000 lightning deaths. This estimate is based on multiplying 1) a fatality rate of six deaths per million people per year, times 2) four billion people living in lightning-vulnerable locations. Both numbers are subjective. Next, the present author published a journal article where data were compiled from publications for 23 countries with multiple-year fatality data from recent decades. For the current study, the 2016 publication is updated for 30 countries that indicate a recurring annual total of 3,806 lightning deaths per year. While this is an undercount since so many nations have no published lightning fatality totals, these are all known national studies for multiple recent years. The present study explores the value of summarizing one calendar year of lightning-related deaths and injuries using hourly online search results mainly from Google Alerts for the English word “Lightning.” A total of 505 incidents were found including 765 deaths and 560 injuries from 46 nations; half are from India. The dataset indicates a ratio of 1.4 deaths per injury. There is a bias toward incidents with multiple injuries and deaths, such that single-casualty events are greatly underreported. Most events (88%) are from the Northern Hemisphere (NH). NH events dominate all seasons except the Southern Hemisphere (SH) summer. Similarly, over Africa, NH events dominate all seasons except 88% of events are in the SH during its summer season. The time of year, hemisphere, and continent are also explored. While it is gratifying to find that seasons and locations of known 2021 reports match expectations, it is also frustrating to find so few casualties with this method. A very substantial effort is needed to determine the actual number of global lightning casualties.","PeriodicalId":371726,"journal":{"name":"2023 12th Asia-Pacific International Conference on Lightning (APL)","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115359465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A User’s Experience: Automated Fault Analysis System In Identifying Lightning Outages on Transmission Lines","authors":"M. Shamsudin, N. S. Hudi, Y. Chung","doi":"10.1109/APL57308.2023.10182108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APL57308.2023.10182108","url":null,"abstract":"A fault on power lines can cause significant damage to the lines, resulting in outages and other disruptions. Detecting and diagnosing faults promptly are critical to minimise downtime and reduce the costs associated with repairs and maintenance on the transmission line assets. An experience sharing on the application of Automated Fault Analysis system (AFA) developed by TNB Grid to identify lightning-caused tripping is explained in this paper. The AFA involves the process of analysing electrical data obtained from the protection relay system, its sequence of event (SOE) and lightning data from the lightning detection system network (LDSN). The fault location is estimated based on either single-end or two-end fault-locating method. Essential information used and the result obtained from AFA are mapped geographically unto an ArcGIS platform for easier visualisation. Details of the simplified analysis are made available via graphic-user interface, ready to be used by the maintenance team. The objective of the application is not only to establish/verify trippings which have been caused by lightning, but also to locate and identify the associated lightning activities or strokes as accurately as possible. Such data provides valuable information especially in assisting engineers to decide the most suitable mitigation action towards preventing or reducing the chances of fault recurrence, particularly at the same location. This in turn helps TNB Grid to reduce power outages and consequently improve system reliability. An automated self-developed system leveraging on advanced technology such as analytics tool and digital integration with the existing relay system, AFA has proven useful in detecting and diagnosing faults, hence significantly reducing possible future downtime from effective mitigation action and its associated maintenance costs.","PeriodicalId":371726,"journal":{"name":"2023 12th Asia-Pacific International Conference on Lightning (APL)","volume":"143 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127556499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Study On Lightning Injury Mechanism And Medical Treatment Based On Case","authors":"Qiyuan Yin, Yijun Zhang, Yiying Zhu, Fangcong Zhou, Biao Zhu","doi":"10.1109/APL57308.2023.10181577","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APL57308.2023.10181577","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, the number of lightning casualties and casualty rates have significantly reduced in developed countries, but there has been no significant reduction in developing countries. On the one hand, this is due to the high frequency of lightning; on the other hand, the vulnerability of people in developing countries is also an influencing factor. Through case analysis and summary, this paper expounds on lightning injury’s mechanism and clinical manifestations. It points out that lightning injury is mainly related to heart problems and the impact on the nervous system, rather than burns, which usually cause fewer consequences. Medical treatment needs to pay attention to the order and principles of treatment. Implementing CPR and auxiliary AED is the most effective way to save lives. Attention should be paid to the practical and effective treatment and nursing of lightning stroke sequelae. Finally, combined with the situation of lightning casualties in china, the existing problems are put forward during the process of early treatment, post-hospital treatment, and nursing observation, which provides an objective basis for the cognition of the scientific nature of the lightning injury.","PeriodicalId":371726,"journal":{"name":"2023 12th Asia-Pacific International Conference on Lightning (APL)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128487297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GIS-Based Development and Visualization of Ground Flash Density Maps during the Monsoon Seasons in Peninsular Malaysia","authors":"N. Roslan, M. Ab-Kadir, U. A. Ungku Amirulddin, H. Z. Mohd Shafri, N. Abdullah","doi":"10.1109/APL57308.2023.10181634","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APL57308.2023.10181634","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a novel approach to develop ground flash density (GFD) maps based on six years of lightning flash data from 2012 to 2017 in Peninsular Malaysia. By leveraging advanced Geographical Information System (GIS) software and a detailed Peninsular Malaysia basemap, the GFD maps were developed to gain a better understanding of lightning distribution patterns and identify areas of high activity. This study has demonstrated the effectiveness of the ground flash density (GFD) mapping approach in classifying the distribution of GFD and identifying hotspot areas. The highest GFD of 12 flashes/km2/year was observed during the First Inter-Monsoon season (April to May), indicating a period of heightened lightning activity in Peninsular Malaysia. The GFD maps produced in this study have shown that the central region of Peninsular Malaysia is the primary hotspot of GFD for all monsoon seasons. These findings are significant for utility and protection engineers, who can utilize this information to plan and improve the reliability of power grids through effective protection systems. By minimizing power outages caused by lightning strikes, the reliability of power grids can be significantly enhanced.","PeriodicalId":371726,"journal":{"name":"2023 12th Asia-Pacific International Conference on Lightning (APL)","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116296178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simulation Test of Positive Corona Discharge at Blade Tip of Rotating Wind Turbine","authors":"Qiang-Ming Wu, Yu Wang, Yeqiang Deng, Xiaoyue Chen, L. Lan, X. Wen","doi":"10.1109/APL57308.2023.10181502","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APL57308.2023.10181502","url":null,"abstract":"In order to simulate the corona discharge process of rotating wind turbine blade tip under the background of thunderstorm, a wind tunnel platform was designed and built, which can generate high-speed arc airflow. A rod-plate-rod electrode was set in the wind tunnel platform to simulate the positive corona discharge process of the actual rotating wind turbine blade tip. The results showed that with the increase of voltage and flow rate, the corona discharge changed from streamer corona to glow corona, and the corona current pulse decreased; This phenomenon is true when the direction of the flow field and the direction of the electric field are 60 degrees, 90 degrees and 120 degrees. It is speculated that in addition to blowing away the shielding ions near the electrode, the local pressure reduction caused by the high-speed airflow is also a major factor affecting the corona discharge.","PeriodicalId":371726,"journal":{"name":"2023 12th Asia-Pacific International Conference on Lightning (APL)","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122147228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Calculation Model for ZnO Varistor Considering Micro-characteristics","authors":"Jingke Guo, P. Meng, Zheng Liu, Wenhao Lu, Long Zhao, Xiao Lei, Shan Li","doi":"10.1109/APL57308.2023.10181782","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APL57308.2023.10181782","url":null,"abstract":"The insulation level of power system is based on the overvoltage protection level of arresters. Zinc oxide(ZnO) varistor is widely used as the core element in power arrester and surge suppressor because of its excellent nonlinear voltage-current(V-I) characteristics and high surge energy absorption capability. Electrical characteristics of ZnO varistor are determined by its complex micro-structure and grain boundary characteristics. In this study, the microstructure model of ZnO varistor is established based on Voronoi model. A large-scale nonlinear resistance network equation for solving the macroscopic electrical properties of ZnO varistors is established by using a grain boundary zoning model considering intergranular bypass effect. Aiming at that it is difficult to solve the large-scale nonlinear resistance network equation by using the conventional Newton iterative method, a fast optimization algorithm based on piecewise linearization and differential reconstruction is proposed. The error index of the calculation result is less than 10$^{-3}$ orders of magnitude. Besides, the effects of microstructure parameters, such as spinel content, nonuniformity of grain size and porosity on the electrical properties of ZnO varistors were obtained by calculation.","PeriodicalId":371726,"journal":{"name":"2023 12th Asia-Pacific International Conference on Lightning (APL)","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125609841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}