Cardiovascular and Cardiometabolic Journal (CCJ)最新文献

{"title":"Unresponsive to Cardioversion Pre-excited Irregular Rhythm","authors":"Mochamad Yusuf A, MD, PhD, Dara N. Ghassani, M.D, Nupriyanto, MD, Rerdin Julario, M.D","doi":"10.20473/ccj.v4i2.2023.115-123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20473/ccj.v4i2.2023.115-123","url":null,"abstract":"Highlights: 1. Atrial fibrillation in the presence of an accessory pathway may present with confounding electrocardiographic signs. 2. The clinical recognition of WPW may be hindered by the presence of pre-excited AF. - Case Summary: A 46-year-old man without known past medical history was referred to the tertiary hospital emergency department after being found collapsed at home. There are no any complaints of any headache, nausea, chest pain, or paralysis of extremities before losing consciousness. His chest examination to bilateral auscultation was clear. Chest X-ray, routine blood work, and transthoracic echocardiography did not reveal any abnormalities. The initial heart rate before referral was 250-300/min and the ECG shows irregular wide QRS complex tachycardia. The ECG after cardioversions shows sinus rhythm 86 bpm with WPW type A pattern. The patient got intravenous amiodarone and intravenous lidocaine during the transfer. And the ECG on arrival at the emergency department, the heart rate was 50-150 bpm irregularly and the ECG shows atrial fibrillation with a narrow QRS complex. Discussion: Rapid anterograde accessory pathway conduction during atrial fibrillation (AF) can result in sudden cardiac death. During pre-excited AF, delta waves as the key feature of Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome might be obscured. We should keep in mind the diagnosis of pre-excited AF in patients presenting with irregular and wide complex tachycardia.","PeriodicalId":371103,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular and Cardiometabolic Journal (CCJ)","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139333868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reperfusion Time of STEMI Patients in Indonesia and Outside Indonesia","authors":"Muhammad F. Romadhona, Y. Oktaviono, S. I. Wiyasihati, R. A. Fagi","doi":"10.20473/ccj.v4i2.2023.85-98","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20473/ccj.v4i2.2023.85-98","url":null,"abstract":"Highlights: 1. The median of door-to-ballon in handling STEMI and total ischemic time is longer in Indonesia than other countries. - Background: STEMI is a medical emergency that requires quick treatment. Several problems might arise from the improper and delayed treatment of STEMI patients. Objective: This study aimed to examine the differences in the reperfusion time of STEMI patients in Indonesia and outside Indonesia. Method: Systematic Review method is used without meta-analysis. The variables to be studied in this study are Door-to-Balloon time and Total Ischemic Time. PubMed, Science Direct, and Scopus are used as search tools using the MeSH terms and keywords that have been determined to look for articles within 2017 – 2020. The selection of the literature that has been obtained was carried out according to the PRISMA algorithm. Results: Twelve journals were used that were relevant, compatible, and following the inclusion and exclusion criteria. It was found that the median door-to-balloon in handling STEMI in Indonesia ranged from 70 to 94 minutes, while the median total ischemic time ranged from 275 to 461 minutes. Meanwhile, the median door-to-balloon time and total ischemic time outside Indonesia ranged from 41 to 87 minutes and 112 to 273 minutes, respectively. Conclusion: In conclusion, the median and average door-to-balloon time and total ischemic time in Indonesia are longer than the door-to-balloon time and total ischemic time outside Indonesia in handling STEMI.","PeriodicalId":371103,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular and Cardiometabolic Journal (CCJ)","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139333498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ameliorative Activity of Vitamin C against Alcohol Induced Cardio-toxicity in Adult Male Wistar Rats","authors":"O. Oyesola, P. Okhiai, Sunday Adenekan, I. Owoeye, E.T. George","doi":"10.20473/ccj.v4i2.2023.71-84","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20473/ccj.v4i2.2023.71-84","url":null,"abstract":"Highlights: 1. Ameliorative effects of vitamin C against alcohol in this research are very interesting to be observed. 2. Vitamin C may have some beneficial effects on heart function by acting as an antioxidant. - Background: Alcohol and it metabolites causes cardiomyopathy, which is one of the main form of alcohol induced heart damage. The aim of the present study was to investigate the protective effect of vitamin C against alcohol-induced heart toxicity and selected indices. Material and Methods: Forty healthy male Wistar rats were used in this experiment, which lasted 21 days. The rats were divided into eight groups, with five rats in each group. Group A received only distilled water, Group B received 6000 mg/kg of alcohol, and Groups C to H received different doses of vitamin C and alcohol in varying combinations. Blood samples were collected and analyzed for levels of sodium, potassium, and chloride ions. The hearts were also analyzed for antioxidant activities and histo-pathological changes. Results: The findings indicated that alcohol administration caused a decrease in blood electrolyte levels compared to the control group, while treatment with vitamin C and co-administration of vitamin C and alcohol improved blood electrolyte levels. The antioxidant enzymes activity of the heart improved in the vitamin C and co-administration groups, as evidenced by increased GSH, SOD, and CAT activity and decreased MDA levels when compared to the alcohol-only group. Conclusion: Therefore, this study suggests that commercial grade vitamin C at doses of 100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg, and 300 mg/kg can protect the heart against alcohol-induced toxicity. However, further research is necessary to examine the anti-inflammatory effect of commercial grade vitamin C.","PeriodicalId":371103,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular and Cardiometabolic Journal (CCJ)","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139331795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Myopericarditis in 19-years-old Male: A Case Report","authors":"B. Ariobimo, Dinar Rakanita Bestari","doi":"10.20473/ccj.v4i1.2023.49-55","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20473/ccj.v4i1.2023.49-55","url":null,"abstract":"Highlight:\u0000\u0000A classic, yet, interesting case of myopericarditis.\u0000Pericarditis with involvement of myocardial inflammation often share etiological agents, but both are different from each other.\u0000\u0000Abstract:\u0000Pericarditis is an inflammation of the pericardium which may caused by infectious or non infectious etiology. This disease recorded about 0,1% of hospitalized patient and 5% patients came with chest pain. Involvement of myocardial in acute pericarditis recorded in about one-third patients due to both disease might share common etiologies. Case Summary. We present a case of 19 years old male with chest pain diagnosed as myopericarditis. Discussion. Treatment using empirical therapy with NSAIDs and colchicine gave satisfactory result in resolution of symptoms, ECG, and reduction of CRP. Recognize the sign and symptoms based on the criteria to diagnose myopericarditis is an important thing to prevent morbidity and mortality due to sudden cardiac death.","PeriodicalId":371103,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular and Cardiometabolic Journal (CCJ)","volume":"150 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116368081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Conservative Management of Left Ventricular Thrombus Patient with Decreased Systolic Function: A Case Report","authors":"I. Kadek, Herry Hermawan, Ken Christian Kawilarang, F. Hartono","doi":"10.20473/ccj.v4i1.2023.56-62","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20473/ccj.v4i1.2023.56-62","url":null,"abstract":"Highlights:\u0000\u0000It provides insight into the management of LVT.\u0000\u0000Abstract:\u0000Case Summary. A 35-year-old male complained shortness of breath for 1 month, had worsened in the last 3 days. When walking 3-5 steps, the patient already felt dyspneu. When sleeping, the patient must be in a semi-sitting position, and sometimes still feels tight. The patient also complained of occasional chest pain. The patient is known to have a history of heart disease, and a history of taking drugs such as candesartan, ISDN and bisoprolol. Discussion. Left ventricular thrombus (LVT) is a frequent and potentially dangerous complication of acute myocardial infarction and is associated with increased risk of systemic embolization. Incidence of LVT following acute MI has decreased, probably due to improvement in patient care as a result of better and earlier reperfusion techniques. Management of LVT is primarily based on studies before the widespread use of potent pharmacological and interventional therapies such as primary percutaneous coronary intervention, especially in the setting of acute myocardial infarction. Though advances in diagnostic technology have improved detection of LVT, clinicians face several uncertainties in the management of LVT in daily practice.","PeriodicalId":371103,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular and Cardiometabolic Journal (CCJ)","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127380645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship between Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) and Gensini Score in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) at Mataram City General Hospital: A Cross Sectional Study","authors":"Ni Putu Emi Januantari, Deasy Irawati, B. Rahmat","doi":"10.20473/ccj.v4i1.2023.11-23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20473/ccj.v4i1.2023.11-23","url":null,"abstract":"Highlights:\u0000\u0000It discusses the relationship between NLR and the severity of coronary atherosclerosis.\u0000There is significant difference from the previous NLR research\u0000\u0000Abstract:\u0000Background. Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) is a marker of systemic inflammation correlated with the incidence of Coronary Artery Disease (CAD). Neutrophils infiltrate the coronary artery plaque causing acceleration of atherosclerosis. T lymphocyte recruitment is required at the early stages of plaque formation. Previous studies have shown that heightened NLR was correlated with the percentage of stenosis at the site of the multivessel lesion. Aims. This study aimed to determine the relationship between NLR with Gensini score of coronary arteries in CAD patients at Mataram City General Hospital. Material and method. This was a cross sectional study conducted in Mataram City General Hospital. Fifty-nine patients diagnosed with CAD participated in the study. Blood collection and coronary angiography were performed to assess NLR and Gensini Score. The main variables were NLR and Gensini Score. Gensini score of 1-29 was considered as mild atherosclerosis and Gensini score of 30 or more was considered as severe atherosclerosis. NLR was considered high if the value of NLR were > 2.385 based on previous studies. Spearman test was performed to assess correlation between variables. Results. Approximately 53% subjects were categorized as severe atherosclerosis and 48% as mild atherosclerosis. The median values of Gensini score in the low NLR group were 25.0 and in the high NLR group were 40.0 (p=0,19). The median values of NLR in the mild group of atherosclerosis were 1.78 and in the severe atherosclerotic group were 2.15 (p=0,59). There was no significant difference in NLR between severe atherosclerosis and mild atherosclerosis groups. NLR was not associated with Gensini score (p=0,32). Conclusions. There was no significant relationship between Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio with Gensini score of coronary arteries in CAD patients at Mataram City General Hospital.","PeriodicalId":371103,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular and Cardiometabolic Journal (CCJ)","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123777891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rheumatic Heart Disease Causes Heart Failure. How is It Treated?","authors":"Dian Rozani","doi":"10.20473/ccj.v4i1.2023.38-48","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20473/ccj.v4i1.2023.38-48","url":null,"abstract":"Highlight:\u0000\u0000Rheumatic heart disease is among a leading cause of heart failure in school-age children.\u0000It discusses how to proper manage rheumatic heart damage\u0000\u0000Abstract:\u0000Rheumatic heart disease is the leading cause of heart failure in school-age children, affects 30 million people worldwide, and is still prevalent, especially in developing countries. Rheumatic heart disease was the result of untreated acute rheumatic fever. Knowledge of the proper management should be encouraged in those with rheumatic fever to halt the progression of cardiac damage that can lead to heart failure. This article discusses one such case. Case Summary. A 13-year-old girl complained of breathlessness during the activity, which improved with rest. She had a history of multiple joint pain and recurrent upper respiratory infection, which was not treated with antibiotics. On physical examination, the blood pressure was 90/60 mmHg, heart rate 128 bpm, facial and palpebral swelling, and the jugular vein pressure increased 5+3 cm H2O. The heart sound was S1>S2, regular with gallop and murmur in mitral, aortic, pulmonary, and tricuspid valves. Hepatomegaly and swelling of both lower extremities were discovered. Laboratories tests found ASTO 400 IU/ml. Chest X-Ray showed cardiomegaly. Echocardiography showed the regurgitation of mitral, aortic, tricuspid, and pulmonary valves. Discussion. The patient was diagnosed with heart failure fc. NYHA II ec rheumatic heart disease and treated with penicillin benzathine 1.2 units, furosemide injection 30 mg b.i.d, spironolactone 25 mg b.i.d, tenace 5 mg q.d, and prednisone 5-4-4 mg t.i.d. Adequate management of acute rheumatic fever can reduce the recurrence, prevent rheumatic heart disease and cardiac deterioration, and improve quality of life.","PeriodicalId":371103,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular and Cardiometabolic Journal (CCJ)","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121504464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Effects of Phyllantus Amarus on the Serum Electrolyte Level of Hypertensive and Normotensive Male Wistar Rats","authors":"I. Osonuga, Bello Solape Faderera, Olukade Baliqis Adejoke, Ogunlade Albert Abiodun, Ezima Esther Nkechi, Adegbesan Bukunola Oluyemisi, Olalekan Samuel Oluwadare","doi":"10.20473/ccj.v4i1.2023.1-10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20473/ccj.v4i1.2023.1-10","url":null,"abstract":"Highlights:\u0000\u0000It discusses effects of phyllantus amarus on serum electrolyte which results in an imbalance.\u0000The reducing effect oh sodium and chloride levels implicate a new chance in managing hypertension.\u0000\u0000Abstract:\u0000Background. High blood pressure, also known as hypertension, is one of the most well-known major risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and stroke. Aims. This present study tried to compare the effect of P.amarus leaves on normotensive and hypertensive male Wistar rats. Materials and method. 15 male Wistar rats were divided into three groups of five rats each (Control group, Control + Extract group, and Hypertensive+ Extract group). One of the groups of rats (group 3) was induced with hypertension using 0.5mg/kg for 5 days of Dexamethasone. Then, the normal/control group and the hypertensive were treated with 200mg/kg of aqueous Extract of Phyllantus amarus (AEPA) for 28 days. Fasting venous blood samples were collected for the measurements of serum electrolytes. Serum potassium, sodium, and chlorine levels were measured by the ion-selective electrode method. Results. In this experiment, for the normotensive and hypertensive treatment groups respectively, there was an increase in K⁺ level and decrease in K⁺ level compared to the control rats, decrease in Na⁺ level, and decrease in Na⁺ level. Also, a decrease in Clˉ of normotensive rats while there was no change in the Clˉ level of hypertensive group when compared to control group. The p values for all results were found to be non-significant. Phyllantus amarus has an effect on serum electrolyte imbalance. Its reducing effect on sodium and chloride levels implies that it can be used to manage hypertension, thereby reducing the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases.","PeriodicalId":371103,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular and Cardiometabolic Journal (CCJ)","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120954155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rare Case of Pediatric Hypertrophic Obstructive Cardiomyopathy (HOCM) in A 6-year-old Boy: How to Recognize, Assess, and Manage the Risk?","authors":"Gabrielle Kartawan, Ria Ashriyah","doi":"10.20473/ccj.v4i1.2023.24-37","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20473/ccj.v4i1.2023.24-37","url":null,"abstract":"Highlights:\u0000\u0000It discusses pediatric HCM which is usually caused by autosomal dominant traits caused by mutation in cardiac sarcomere protein genes.\u0000It explains how to recognize the cardiac risk\u0000\u0000Abstract:\u0000Hypertrophic Obstructive Cardiomyopathy (HOCM) is a disease characterized by increased left ventricular (LV) wall thickness and accompanied by obstructive physiology measured by increased LV outflow tract gradient. It is mainly inherited in autosomal dominant traits caused by a mutation in cardiac sarcomere protein genes. In pediatrics, HOCM is rare and comprises a different diagnosis and management approach compared to adults. The risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD) is also higher in the pediatric population. Case Summary. This report is about a case of HOCM found incidentally in a 6-year-old boy and a discussion based on the latest literature review. The patient first came for evaluation for cardiac murmur and abnormality in ECG and chest x-ray. Diagnosis of HOCM was made through echocardiography assessment. Discussion. ICD implantation for primary prevention of SCD was considered based on individualized 5-year SCD risk assessment which is around 7%. Optimal pharmacological therapy with beta-blocker, careful planning of ICD implantation with balanced benefit and risk, and septal reduction surgery when indicated should extend the life expectancy and quality of life of pediatric HOCM. It is both essential and interesting to recognize pediatric HOCM diagnostic findings and to pursue further research about therapies of this rare disease.","PeriodicalId":371103,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular and Cardiometabolic Journal (CCJ)","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117171010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patients with Rapid Atrial Fibrillation in Congestive Heart Failure with Bilateral Pleural Effusion Complication: Case Report and Literature Review","authors":"Irma Kartikasari, Mochamad Basori, M. Mahyuddin, Ulaa’ Haniifah, O. Atsira","doi":"10.20473/ccj.v4i1.2023.63-70","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20473/ccj.v4i1.2023.63-70","url":null,"abstract":"Highlights:\u0000\u0000In the setting of AF in patient with AHF, conventional treatment strategies do not convert the rhythm into sinus rhythm.\u0000Newly emerged therapies such as catheter ablation, or atrioventricular node ablation with biventricular pacing might be more beneficial rather than the conventional rhythm and rate control strategies\u0000\u0000Abstract:\u0000Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common form of arrhythmia. The prevalence of AF in patients with systolic left ventricular dysfunction and CHF is around 35% in the patient population with NYHA II-IV. In this case, we will discuss a case report of a patient with AF with complications of CHF and Bilateral Pleural Effusion. Case Summary. A female patient, 62 years old, came to the emergency room of dr. Soegiri Hospital with complaints of sudden shortness of breath since morning. There were crackles in the right lung field during the auscultation and the chest x-ray shows cardiomegaly with a CTR> 50% with bilateral effusion and atelectasis. On the electrocardiogram examination performed at the ICCU, an irregular rhythm was obtained with an HR of 100x/minute, with p waves that cannot be distinguished, normal QRS waves, and T waves that cannot be assessed. The patient was diagnosed with congestive heart failure (CHF) with rapid atrial fibrillation (AF) accompanied by complications of bilateral pleural effusion with a differential diagnosis of acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) with pneumonia and acute lung edema (ALO). Discussion. Patients with AF and CHF have a poorer prognosis than patients with a single diagnosis of AF or CHF alone. A rhythm control strategy consisting of antiarrhythmic drugs and electrical cardioversion in stable patients with AF and CHF adds no benefit to a heart rate control strategy.","PeriodicalId":371103,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular and Cardiometabolic Journal (CCJ)","volume":"82 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124807103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}