{"title":"Continuous media playback and jitter control","authors":"S. Jha, M. Fry","doi":"10.1109/MMCS.1996.534982","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MMCS.1996.534982","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this paper is to examine problems associated with display (playback) of live continuous media under varying conditions for an internetwork of workstations running a general purpose operating system such as Unix. Under the assumption that the network cannot guarantee the required bounds on delay and jitter, there is a need to accommodate the delay jitter in the end systems. Various methods of jitter smoothing at the end systems and their suitability to audio as well as video transmission are discussed. An experimental testbed used to investigate these problems is described. Some initial empirical results obtained using this testbed are also presented.","PeriodicalId":371043,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Third IEEE International Conference on Multimedia Computing and Systems","volume":"101 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114710819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Content-based drama editing based on inter-media synchronization","authors":"Y. Yaginuma, M. Sakauchi","doi":"10.1109/MMCS.1996.534994","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MMCS.1996.534994","url":null,"abstract":"Automatic image recognition is usually difficult. However, drama is composed of not only image but also sound and script. Therefore, higher level recognition of drama which cannot be achieved by the image analysis will be realized by integrating image analysis, sound analysis and document analysis. In this paper, focusing on the semantic descriptions in the script, content-based drama editing based on inter-media synchronization is proposed. In the proposed method, inter-media synchronization between image, sound and script is carried out using DP matching. Then, the script is edited using an ordinary text editor. Finally, the editing of drama is carried out by selecting and aligning the image and sound based on the edited script. Therefore, the proposed method can realize effective and semantic-based video editing by handling smaller and more abstracted data. The experimental results reveal the effectiveness of the proposed method.","PeriodicalId":371043,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Third IEEE International Conference on Multimedia Computing and Systems","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115108931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"SEP: a space efficient pipelining technique for managing disk buffers in multimedia servers","authors":"J. Wang, K. Hua, H. Young","doi":"10.1109/MMCS.1996.535028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MMCS.1996.535028","url":null,"abstract":"We present techniques for managing disks as a buffer for the tertiary storage of multimedia servers. A unified disk space is used to not only cache frequently referenced objects, but also to provide staging buffers for playing back objects. A new staging technique and three buffer replacement policies are investigated. The simulation results indicate that the staging method is very efficient, and each of the replacement policies offers significant additional improvement. Some of the performance issues are also analyzed analytically. The mathematical model provides guidelines for good multimedia systems design using the proposed techniques.","PeriodicalId":371043,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Third IEEE International Conference on Multimedia Computing and Systems","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127468891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. Drummond, D. Ionescu, R. Holte, N. Georganas, E. Petriu
{"title":"Intelligent browsing for multimedia applications","authors":"C. Drummond, D. Ionescu, R. Holte, N. Georganas, E. Petriu","doi":"10.1109/MMCS.1996.535002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MMCS.1996.535002","url":null,"abstract":"Describes a technique which we term \"intelligent browsing\"; the software built upon this technique assists the users in their search through a multimedia database. Searching for an item of interest in a large multimedia database is a complex task, even for users who have knowledge about it. An active (intelligent) browser suggests to the user items it estimates to be close to the target of the search. The intelligent part of the active browser consists of a learning module, whose object of study is the profile of the users' search actions. After a target is detected, the intelligent browser brings the item or items of interest on to the screen in a dedicated window, and controls the synchronization of the audio, video or written components of the item. If confirmed by the user, the dedicated window is transformed into a series of windows allocated to the desired item. The novel aspect of intelligent browsing is that it is entirely unobtrusive: it infers its similarity measure from the user's normal browsing actions, without any special input. Use of the browser on a multimedia application is illustrated in this paper.","PeriodicalId":371043,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Third IEEE International Conference on Multimedia Computing and Systems","volume":"72 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130235134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"On optimal batching policies for video-on-demand storage servers","authors":"C. Aggarwal, J. Wolf, Philip S. Yu","doi":"10.1109/MMCS.1996.534983","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MMCS.1996.534983","url":null,"abstract":"In a video-on-demand environment, batching of video requests is often used to reduce I/O demand and improve throughput. Since viewers may defect if they experience long waits, a good video scheduling policy needs to consider not only the batch size but also the viewer defection probabilities and wait times. Two conventional scheduling policies for batching are first-come-first-served (FCFS) and maximum queue length (MOL). Neither of these policies lead to entirely satisfactory results. MQL tends to be too aggressive in scheduling popular videos by only considering the queue length to maximize batch size, while FCFS has the opposite effect. We introduce the notion of factored queue length and propose a batching policy that schedules the video with the maximum factored queue length. We refer to this as the MFQ policy. The factored queue length is obtained by weighting each video queue length with a factor which is biased against the more popular videos. An optimization problem is formulated to solve the best weighting factors for the various videos. A simulation is developed to compare the proposed MFQ policy with FCFS and MQL. Our study shows that MFQ yields excellent empirical results in terms of standard performance measures such as average latency time, defection rates and fairness.","PeriodicalId":371043,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Third IEEE International Conference on Multimedia Computing and Systems","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126894708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mitsukazu Washisaka, T. Takada, S. Aoyagi, R. Onai
{"title":"Video/text linkage system assisted by a concept dictionary and image recognition","authors":"Mitsukazu Washisaka, T. Takada, S. Aoyagi, R. Onai","doi":"10.1109/MMCS.1996.534996","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MMCS.1996.534996","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes a system for two-way linkage between video and its transcribed text that supports observational data analysis. One distinct feature of the system is that a specific area in the video image is linked to the text. The luminance (Y) signal of the video image is used to assist in linkage establishment from video to text. Another feature is that it is possible to extract concepts of the search term and to compare these with the text data on a conceptual level.","PeriodicalId":371043,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Third IEEE International Conference on Multimedia Computing and Systems","volume":"267 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114239186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Intra- and inter-stream synchronisation for stored multimedia streams","authors":"E. Biersack, C. Bernhardt, Werner Geyer","doi":"10.1109/MMCS.1996.535000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MMCS.1996.535000","url":null,"abstract":"Multimedia streams such as audio and video impose tight temporal constraints due to their continuous nature. Often, different multimedia streams must be presented in a synchronized way. We introduce a scheme for the continuous and synchronous delivery of distributed stored multimedia streams across a communications network. We propose a protocol for the synchronized playback, compute the buffer requirement, and describe the experimental results of our implementation. The scheme is very general and does not require bounded jitter or synchronized clocks and is able to cope with clock drifts and server drop outs.","PeriodicalId":371043,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Third IEEE International Conference on Multimedia Computing and Systems","volume":"569 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122932850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vijnan Shastri, P. Rangan, V. Rajaraman, A. Pittet, Srihari Sampath Kumar
{"title":"Performance issues in CD-ROM-based storage systems for multimedia","authors":"Vijnan Shastri, P. Rangan, V. Rajaraman, A. Pittet, Srihari Sampath Kumar","doi":"10.1109/MMCS.1996.535031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MMCS.1996.535031","url":null,"abstract":"CD-ROMs have proliferated as a distribution media for desktop machines for a large variety of multimedia applications. We look at issues related to the single-user desktop environment. Since these multimedia applications are highly interactive in nature, we take a pragmatic approach, and have made a detailed study of the multimedia application behavior in terms of the I/O request patterns generated to the CD-ROM subsystem by tracing these patterns. We discuss prefetch buffer design and seek time characteristics in the context of the analysis of these traces. We show that it is best to place multimedia streams near the center of the CD-ROM. We present the parameters of an adaptive main-memory hosted cache that receives caching hints from the application to reduce the latency when the user moves from one node of the hypergraph to another. We show that short-throw seeks of distance 100 are the most important. We look at the use of CD-ROMs in a video on demand server (VoD) and discuss the problem of scheduling multiple request streams and buffer management in this scenario. We adapt C-SCAN (Circular SCAN) algorithm to suit the CD-ROM drive characteristics and prove that it is optimal in terms of buffer size management. We provide computationally inexpensive relations by which this algorithm can be implemented. We then propose a 'constant-full-load' admission control algorithm which admits new request streams from a pool of dummy requests without disrupting the continuity of playback of the previous request streams. The algorithm also supports operations such as fast forward and replay.","PeriodicalId":371043,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Third IEEE International Conference on Multimedia Computing and Systems","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116514476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Dynamic QOS control based on the QOS-Ticket model","authors":"K. Kawachiya, H. Tokuda","doi":"10.1109/MMCS.1996.534958","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MMCS.1996.534958","url":null,"abstract":"The most notable characteristic of continuous-media data is the existence of timing constraints. To handle such data appropriately some system support for resource management and QOS control is indispensable. For this reason, we are proposing a QOS-Ticker model, which combines resource reservation and adaptation. The QOS-Ticket model has been implemented on RT-Mach. In this prototype, a new thread mechanism named Q-Thread is provided. A Q-Thread allows a user to specify the tolerable range of the period and computation time for periodic invocations, and makes it easy to write a continuous-media session that can control the QOS dynamically. We show the effectiveness of the QOS-Ticket model based on a dynamic QOS-control experiment with our prototype.","PeriodicalId":371043,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Third IEEE International Conference on Multimedia Computing and Systems","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114139228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"New algorithms for admission control and scheduling to support multimedia feedback remote control applications","authors":"K. Nahrstedt, Jonathan M. Smith","doi":"10.1109/MMCS.1996.535901","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MMCS.1996.535901","url":null,"abstract":"Multimedia feedback remote control applications use a control loop between devices such as robot manipulators and cameras and a human user. An application-to-application quality of service is required. Network and end-point resources must be controlled and integrated in a robust admission and scheduling process. We focus in this paper on a novel admission and scheduling process for the end-points. The algorithms were prototyped within our OMEGA architecture, which controls the end-point resources in full-feedback applications, such as telerobotics.","PeriodicalId":371043,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Third IEEE International Conference on Multimedia Computing and Systems","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115294412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}