{"title":"The Modelling and Simulation Of Power Flow and Fault Analysis For A Hybrid DC Microgrid","authors":"E. Ojo, M. Zulu, Ajibola O. Akinrinde","doi":"10.1109/PowerAfrica52236.2021.9543441","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PowerAfrica52236.2021.9543441","url":null,"abstract":"The access to electricity is one of the major problems faced by rural areas and isolated regions. Over the years, the fossil-fueled power stations used to generate electricity had a detrimental effects and it has necessitated the need for alternative energy sources such as solar, wind, biomass and other renewable energy sources. Hybrid energy system (HES) based on distributed energy resources (DERs) integration into the DC microgrid is considered as the viable means to carry out the electrification of rural as well as isolated area. However, DC microgrids are limited by the occurrence of faults and this affect their performance. This paper presents the modelling and simulation of power flow and the fault analysis in a hybrid DC microgrid. This hybrid DC microgrid is powered by PV and wind energy system, the formulation, modeling and simulations was implemented in the MATLAB/SIMULINK. The faults analyzed in the system are the DC line-to-ground faults and DC line-to-line faults. Results for a hybrid DC microgrid revealed that high quality of power is experienced in load distribution. Also based on the results, when DC faults occurs there is disturbance to output.","PeriodicalId":370999,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE PES/IAS PowerAfrica","volume":"141 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113983921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Developing New Thevenin Impedance Determination Technique and Voltage Stability Assessment Index for Online Application","authors":"Ahadu Hilawie, F. Shewarega","doi":"10.1109/PowerAfrica52236.2021.9543381","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PowerAfrica52236.2021.9543381","url":null,"abstract":"In Thevenin impedance determination techniques, which are used for voltage stability assessment, approximations are common. The approximations produce erroneous results during critical operating times. This paper has solved the approximation problems and comes up with new Thevenin impedance determination technique suitable for online voltage stability assessment. The Technique is tested on a simple three bus test system, and produced results that match with the actual values. Using this new Thevenin impedance determination Technique, a new voltage stability index is also developed. The index is tested on IEEE 14 bus system and it has, effectively, identified weakest and strongest buses. The test is also compared with the result from other methods, and its effectiveness for online voltage stability assessment is shown.","PeriodicalId":370999,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE PES/IAS PowerAfrica","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114811114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Performance Analysis of a Nine-Phase Asynchronous Motor with Open-Phase Faults","authors":"Mpho Glen Maeko, M. Muteba","doi":"10.1109/PowerAfrica52236.2021.9543454","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PowerAfrica52236.2021.9543454","url":null,"abstract":"This paper deals with the performance analysis of a nine-phase squirrel cage asynchronous motor (SCAM) with open-phase faults. The 2D Finite Element Analysis is used for ac magnetic transient solution to study some electromagnetic parameters of interest for the nine-phase SCAM. The mathematical expressions that describe the dynamic model of the nine-phase SCAM are presented in arbitrary rotating reference frame. Although the simulation results show that the electromagnetic torque is more pulsating under open-winding phase faults, but the nine-phase SCAM has proven to be capable of developing a good starting and accelerating torque under faulty conditions. This performance behavior positions the nine-phase SCAM as a strong candidate in critical operations that require fault-tolerant capabilities, such as combat ships and sub-marine applications.","PeriodicalId":370999,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE PES/IAS PowerAfrica","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121581160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Distribution Transformer Aging Due to COVID-19 Shelter-in-Place","authors":"K. McBee, Izar Fareez","doi":"10.1109/PowerAfrica52236.2021.9543212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PowerAfrica52236.2021.9543212","url":null,"abstract":"Shelter-in-place orders induced by COVID-19 prevention may age distribution transformers numerous years in just several months. The following manuscript summarizes an analysis performed to identify distribution transformers' susceptibility to extreme aging and failure due to load profiles influenced by COVID-19 shelter-in-place orders. The results suggest only transformers serving peak demands greater than their rating may be susceptible to “sooner-than-expected” failure. The results also indicate transformers may only be susceptible if shelter-in-place orders continue longer than 6 months in warm climates. A 50 kVA liquid immersed transformer that originally served loads 120% of their ratings can age up to 4 years if the order was enforced longer than 6 months. For comparison, a transformer serving the historical load profile with a peak demand of 130% loading only ages 0.7 years in the six-month period. This same transformer ages 4.8 years if influenced by shelter-in-place orders. Therefore, utilities may see a higher number of transformer failures over the next several years due aging associated with one or multiple shelter-in-place orders.","PeriodicalId":370999,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE PES/IAS PowerAfrica","volume":"37 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115055280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Robust MPPT Tracking for PV Solar Power using Metaheuristic Algorithms","authors":"M. Tebaa, M. Ouassaid, Youssef Ait Ali","doi":"10.1109/PowerAfrica52236.2021.9543413","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PowerAfrica52236.2021.9543413","url":null,"abstract":"The emphasis of this paper is a study and compare robust of MPP tracking algorithms. In order to achieve the maximum power, a MPPT controller is often associated with photovoltaic panels which controls the DC voltage and current. In this work, Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Grey Wolf Optimization (GWO), Perturb and Observe (P&O), and Fuzzy Logic Control (FLC) are used in order to achieve the optimum power conditions. The studied PV system contains six 244 W PV panel implemented in series feeding a resistive load through a controllable DC-DC boost converter. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed techniques under standard test conditions, as well as partial shading conditions, simulations are performed under the MATLAB/Simulink environment. It is revealed in simulation results that the PSO and P&O algorithms are more efficient in locating the effective MPP. Furthermore, when working under partial shading, the traditional P&O and FLC are failing to locate the real MPP. Indeed, those MPPT techniques reach the local power peak, while PSO and GWO reach successfully the effective MPP with an efficiency of 99% and 95% in only 92 ms and 69 ms, respectively.","PeriodicalId":370999,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE PES/IAS PowerAfrica","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114943181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Domestic Chicken Chick's Banda using Neuro fuzzy logic technique for reducing energy cost","authors":"Patrick O. M. Ogutu, N. Oyie, W. Ojenge","doi":"10.1109/PowerAfrica52236.2021.9543122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PowerAfrica52236.2021.9543122","url":null,"abstract":"This paper is about an automatic chicken chicks' Banda temperature and humidity controller, which uses the environmental conditions to measure and control the cage humidity and temperature. A mathematical model of the system is developed, a prototype humidity and temperature controller using Arduino/display unit is designed and MATLAB simulation of neuro fuzzy logic to analyze the behavior. The results depict that the temperature and humidity varies between 29°C to 32°C and 45 to 48 % respectively. The response of the prototype is able to act with energy saving of 3800J in 200 seconds. The issue of high cost incurred in energy consumption is addressed hence contribution to sustainable food and nutritional security by ensuring huge supply of healthy chicks using less energy and power. The energy cost was studied and it resulted into great saving with remarkable improvement in efficiency. The optimum performance of the chicken Banda is realized.","PeriodicalId":370999,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE PES/IAS PowerAfrica","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115370118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Degefa, Jonatan Ralf Axel Klemets, S. D'arco, P. Sekhar, Amit Gupta
{"title":"Review of Grid Interconnection Requirements and Synchronization Controllers for Dispersed Minigrids","authors":"M. Degefa, Jonatan Ralf Axel Klemets, S. D'arco, P. Sekhar, Amit Gupta","doi":"10.1109/PowerAfrica52236.2021.9543220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PowerAfrica52236.2021.9543220","url":null,"abstract":"As of 2019, the world population without electricity access is estimated to 770 million with most of these communities residing in sub-Saharan Africa. Nevertheless, between 2000 and 2019 the Indian population with electricity access has grown from 43% to 99%. Minigrids have played a major role in the efforts of increasing access to electricity in rural areas. However, interconnecting minigrids to each-other or to the main grid remains still a challenge both due to lack of clear protocols and of technically matured controllers to manage the synchronization. In this paper, a review of existing interconnection guidelines is presented and their relevance for the interconnection of minigrids is assessed. Furthermore, existing synchronization controllers are reviewed highlighting their applicability for minigrids.","PeriodicalId":370999,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE PES/IAS PowerAfrica","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130299893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Analysis of the Network Performance and Development of Electricity Transmission Plan: A Case Study of Kenya's Coast Region","authors":"Harrison J.S. Sungu, M. Musau, C. Wekesa","doi":"10.1109/PowerAfrica52236.2021.9543132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PowerAfrica52236.2021.9543132","url":null,"abstract":"Performance of the Transmission network for Kenya's Coast region: Pertinent data from the transmission utilities in Kenya was collected and used to develop Coast region's electricity network models for years 2039 (the target year), 2035, 2030,2025,2022, 2020 and 2019 in PSS/E. Loadflow calculation using Newton Raphson was employed to analyze the models for both normal and contingency conditions. The performance of the regional network in terms of efficiency and security was determined. Results indicated an above 95% efficiency, the network however does not meet N-1 security requirement. Additional reinforcements are suggested to improve the network. An improved network was later developed by modelling the suggested elements into the initial models and the models analyzed once again. With the reinforcements, 97% efficiency and compliance to N-1 security requirement is achieved. Subsequently, a transmission plan with an implementation schedule and estimated project costs was developed.","PeriodicalId":370999,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE PES/IAS PowerAfrica","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128652690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Feasibility of Offshore Wind Power for Namibia","authors":"Nicky K. Mbaimbai, I. Davidson","doi":"10.1109/PowerAfrica52236.2021.9543098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PowerAfrica52236.2021.9543098","url":null,"abstract":"This paper aims to investigate whether the prevailing wind conditions along the Namibian coast are feasible for the development of offshore wind farms. Parameters such as wind power and wind power density that are essential in the siting off offshore wind farms are analyzed using Global Wind Atlas.","PeriodicalId":370999,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE PES/IAS PowerAfrica","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130179819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. A. Thango, A. Nnachi, J. Jordaan, A. Akumu, B. Abe
{"title":"A Diagnostic Study of Dissolved Gases in Transformers based on Fuzzy Logic Approach","authors":"B. A. Thango, A. Nnachi, J. Jordaan, A. Akumu, B. Abe","doi":"10.1109/PowerAfrica52236.2021.9543163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PowerAfrica52236.2021.9543163","url":null,"abstract":"Stray gassing of transformer oil is a convoluted physical phenomenon, in which several parameters act simultaneously thus making the understanding of Dissolved Gas Analysis (DGA) more daunting. Historically, prudent maintenance strategies are better conceived by studying the condition of units in service. To alleviate transformer management and decision matrix, transformer condition assessment is critical using unfailing, noninvasive diagnostics and monitoring mechanisms. The diagnosis of stray gassing of oil can be performed by distinguishing and embedding transformer severities using Fuzzy logic (FL) mapping. Despite the fact that the IEC FL approach is handy in the appraisal of dissolved gases, on occasion the DGA results are impossible to match by current codes and consequently providing inconclusive results. This work reveals a supplemental gas ratio C2H6/CH4 based upon trial and error on a fleet of transformers. These supplemental ratio provide more detailed information about the thermal decomposition of transformer oil from various infancy faults and associated degradation gases transforming from Methane (CH4) to Ethane (C2H6) to Ethylene (C2H4). Additionally, in the IEC FL approach, there is no quantitative measure for the possibility of distinct faults. Further, this work provides incipient fault diagnosis mechanism and some guidelines to allow effective planning and maintenance practice.","PeriodicalId":370999,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE PES/IAS PowerAfrica","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117058303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}