University of Toronto - Rotman School of Management Research Paper Series最新文献

Private Communication between Managers and Financial Analysts: Evidence from Taxi Ride Patterns in New York City 经理和金融分析师之间的私人交流:来自纽约市出租车乘坐模式的证据

University of Toronto - Rotman School of Management Research Paper Series Pub Date : 2021-10-28 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3920680

Stacey Choy, Ole‐Kristian Hope

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引用次数: 2

Financial Reporting and Employee Job Search 财务报告和员工求职

University of Toronto - Rotman School of Management Research Paper Series Pub Date : 2021-06-16 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3868281

E. dehaan, Nan Li, Frank S. Zhou

引用次数: 5

Negative Spillover on Service Level across Priority Classes: Evidence from a Radiology Workflow Platform 跨优先级服务水平的负溢出:来自放射学工作流平台的证据

University of Toronto - Rotman School of Management Research Paper Series Pub Date : 2021-02-08 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3781929

Timothy C. Y. Chan, Nicholas Howard, Saman Lagzi, Bernardo F. Quiroga, Gonzalo Romero

{"title":"Negative Spillover on Service Level across Priority Classes: Evidence from a Radiology Workflow Platform","authors":"Timothy C. Y. Chan, Nicholas Howard, Saman Lagzi, Bernardo F. Quiroga, Gonzalo Romero","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3781929","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3781929","url":null,"abstract":"Problem Definition: We study a radiology workflow platform that connects off-site radiologists with hospitals. These radiologists select tasks from a common pool, and the service level is characterized by meeting priority-specific turnaround time targets. However, imbalances between pay and workload of different tasks could result in higher priority tasks with low pay relative to workload receiving poorer service than low priority tasks. Using a large dataset, we empirically investigate this phenomenon. Academic/Practical Relevance: Piece-rate compensation schemes, where workers are paid for each completed task regardless of the time spent on it, are common in practice. Detecting a potential negative impact on firm performance associated with their use adds to the literature on challenges of piece-rate compensation schemes. Methodology: We employ an instrumental variable methodology to investigate whether low priority tasks with a high pay-to-workload ratio have a shorter turnaround time. Then, using the same approach, we investigate whether having many low priority tasks with high pay-to-workload increases the turnaround time and probability of delay of higher priority tasks. Results: We show that turnaround time is decreasing in pay-to-workload for lower priority tasks, whereas it is increasing in workload for high priority tasks. More importantly, we find evidence of a spillover effect: Having many economically attractive tasks with low priority can lead to longer turnaround times for higher priority tasks, increasing the likelihood that those tasks are delayed. Implications: Our results suggest that organizations where workers have task discretion from a common pool need to carefully align their piece-rate compensation scheme with the workload of each task. Imbalances may lead to a degradation in the system service level provided to time-sensitive customers.","PeriodicalId":370944,"journal":{"name":"University of Toronto - Rotman School of Management Research Paper Series","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123678686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Liquid speed: A micro-burst fee for low-latency exchanges 液体速度:用于低延迟交换的微突发费用

University of Toronto - Rotman School of Management Research Paper Series Pub Date : 2020-07-13 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3377346

Michael Brolley, M. Zoican

引用次数: 1

Operational Strategies for Distributing Durable Goods in the Base of the Pyramid 金字塔底层耐用品配送的运营策略

University of Toronto - Rotman School of Management Research Paper Series Pub Date : 2019-10-29 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2882402

A. Calmon, Diana Jue-Rajasingh, Gonzalo Romero, Jackie Stenson

{"title":"Operational Strategies for Distributing Durable Goods in the Base of the Pyramid","authors":"A. Calmon, Diana Jue-Rajasingh, Gonzalo Romero, Jackie Stenson","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2882402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2882402","url":null,"abstract":"Problem definition: Novel life-improving products, such as solar lanterns and energy-efficient cookstoves address essential needs of consumers in the base of the pyramid (BOP). However, their profitable distribution is often difficult because BOP customers are risk-averse, their ability to pay (ATP) is lower than their willingness to pay, and they face uncertainty regarding these products’ value. Academic/practical relevance: We examine two practical strategies from distributors in the BOP: (1) improving the product’s affordability through a discount and (2) increasing awareness of the product’s value. Our results identify BOP-specific operational trade-offs in implementing these strategies. We also propose strategies to manage these trade-offs that can increase consumer surplus in the BOP. Methodology: We introduce a supply chain model for the BOP and analyze the distributor’s pricing problem with refunds as well as the distributor’s optimal budget allocation between strategies (1) and (2). Results: We find that, in the BOP, the distributor’s profit-maximizing budget allocation often yields the lowest consumer surplus. This misalignment between profits and consumer surplus disappears if customers’ ATP is high. Moreover, the misalignment can be resolved if the distributor offers free product returns and commits to a maximum retail price. We confirm the robustness of our results through numerical simulations. Managerial implications: Best operations strategy practices in the BOP can differ significantly from developed markets. Furthermore, BOP customers’ limited ATP and high risk aversion generate a BOP-specific misalignment between profits and consumer surplus. Operational commitments, such as free returns, reduce this misalignment and can serve as a signal to investors of a social enterprise’s focus on consumer surplus.","PeriodicalId":370944,"journal":{"name":"University of Toronto - Rotman School of Management Research Paper Series","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125797990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

Discretionary Dissemination on Twitter 在推特上随意传播

University of Toronto - Rotman School of Management Research Paper Series Pub Date : 2018-12-06 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3105847

Richard M. Crowley, Wenli Huang, Hai-fan Lu

引用次数: 11

Parking Pricing and Design in the Morning Commute Problem with Regular and Autonomous Vehicles 普通车辆和自动驾驶车辆早晨通勤问题中的停车定价和设计

University of Toronto - Rotman School of Management Research Paper Series Pub Date : 2018-05-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3186290

M. Nourinejad, Mahyar Amirgholy

{"title":"Parking Pricing and Design in the Morning Commute Problem with Regular and Autonomous Vehicles","authors":"M. Nourinejad, Mahyar Amirgholy","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3186290","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3186290","url":null,"abstract":"Autonomous vehicles can profoundly change parking behavior in the future. Instead of searching for parking, autonomous vehicle owners get dropped off at their final destination and send their occupant-free cars to a parking spot. In this paper, we study the impact of parking in a bi-class morning commute problem with autonomous and regular vehicles. We consider a spatial distribution of parking spaces, which allows us to capture the parking location of travelers. In the equilibrium condition, autonomous vehicles leave home later (than regular vehicles), and park farther away from their destination. The regular vehicle travelers, however, leave home sooner to park closer to the destination with a smaller walking distance. The reverse occurs if regular travelers abdicate walking and take a faster mode from their parking space to the city center. To optimize the system, we develop temporal and spatial parking pricing strategies and a new parking supply design scheme, as practical alternatives for the conventional dynamic congestion pricing. The proposed parking pricing strategies incentivize commuters to adjust their travel schedules by charging a parking price that increases with distance from the city center. Hence, those who park closer to their destination have to pay less. This is a counter-intuitive finding at first which arises from a trade-off with the earliness penalty of users who park close to the destination. We show that system optimality is also reached by redistributing the parking supply. Our numerical experiments capture the impact the autonomous vehicle penetration rate on the performance of the system and the proposed parking pricing and design strategies.","PeriodicalId":370944,"journal":{"name":"University of Toronto - Rotman School of Management Research Paper Series","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127460018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9

Ride-Hailing Networks with Strategic Drivers: The Impact of Platform Control Capabilities on Performance 具有战略驱动的网约车:平台控制能力对性能的影响

University of Toronto - Rotman School of Management Research Paper Series Pub Date : 2018-02-16 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3120544

Philipp Afèche, Zhe Liu, Costis Maglaras

{"title":"Ride-Hailing Networks with Strategic Drivers: The Impact of Platform Control Capabilities on Performance","authors":"Philipp Afèche, Zhe Liu, Costis Maglaras","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3120544","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3120544","url":null,"abstract":"Problem definition: Motivated by ride-hailing platforms such as Uber, Lyft and Didi, we study the problem of matching riders with self-interested drivers over a spatial network. We focus on the performance impact of two operational platform controls—demand-side admission control and supply-side repositioning control—considering the interplay with two practically important challenges: (i) spatial demand imbalances prevail for extended periods of time; and (ii) self-interested drivers strategically decide whether to join the network, and, if so, whether to reposition when not serving riders. Methodology/results: We develop and analyze the steady-state behavior of a novel game-theoretic fluid model of a two-location, four-route loss network. First, we fully characterize and compare the steady-state system equilibria under three control regimes, from minimal control to centralized control. Second, we provide insights on how and why platform control impacts equilibrium performance, notably with new findings on the role of admission control: the platform may find it optimal to strategically reject demand at the low-demand location even if drivers are in excess supply, to induce repositioning to the high-demand location. We provide necessary and sufficient conditions for this policy. Third, we derive upper bounds on the platform’s and drivers’ benefits caused by increased platform control; these are more significant under moderate capacity and significant cross-location demand imbalance. Managerial implications: Our results contribute important guidelines on the optimal operations of ride-hailing networks. Our model can also inform the design of driver compensation structures that support more centralized network control. Supplemental Material: The e-companion and Supplemental Material are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/msom.2023.1221 .","PeriodicalId":370944,"journal":{"name":"University of Toronto - Rotman School of Management Research Paper Series","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129884447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 65

Aggregate Implied Volatility Spread and Stock Market Returns 总隐含波动率价差与股票市场收益

University of Toronto - Rotman School of Management Research Paper Series Pub Date : 2017-09-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3047528

Bing Han, Gang Li

引用次数: 4

Blockbuster or Niche? Competitive Strategy Under Network Effects 大片还是利基市场?网络效应下的竞争战略

University of Toronto - Rotman School of Management Research Paper Series Pub Date : 2017-09-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3049370

Yinbo Feng, Ming Hu

{"title":"Blockbuster or Niche? Competitive Strategy Under Network Effects","authors":"Yinbo Feng, Ming Hu","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3049370","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3049370","url":null,"abstract":"We provide a theory unifying the long tail and blockbuster phenomenon. Specifically, we analyze a three-stage game where the firms first make entry decisions, then decide on the investment in its product and lastly customers sequentially arrive to make purchase decisions based on product quality and historic sales under the network effect. We analytically show that a growing network effect always contributes to the demand concentration on a small number of products. However, product variety and quality investments, as an outcome of firmsi¯ ex-ante competitive decisions, may increase or decrease, as the network effect grows. When the network effect parameter is smaller than a threshold, the increasing network effect would shift more demand towards the products with higher qualities, preempting more products from entering the market ex ante and inducing firms to adopt the blockbuster equilibrium strategy by making larger quality investment. When the network effect is stronger than the threshold, the increasing network effect would make the market easily concentrated to a few products. Even some low quality ones may have chances to become a i°hit.i± Interestingly, in this case, the ex-ante equilibrium product variety would be broader and firms adopt the niche equilibrium strategy by maker smaller quality investment. We empirically test the theory with the movie box office data and find strong supporting evidence.","PeriodicalId":370944,"journal":{"name":"University of Toronto - Rotman School of Management Research Paper Series","volume":"422 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125678955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7