Himalayan Journal of Ophthalmology最新文献_第3页

Knowledge and practice of eye drops instillation technique in India: A survey of 396 optometrists 印度滴眼液技术的知识和实践:对396名验光师的调查

Himalayan Journal of Ophthalmology Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/hjo.hjo_19_22

R. Chaurasiya, Akansha Gupta, Sarbojeet Goswami

{"title":"Knowledge and practice of eye drops instillation technique in India: A survey of 396 optometrists","authors":"R. Chaurasiya, Akansha Gupta, Sarbojeet Goswami","doi":"10.4103/hjo.hjo_19_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/hjo.hjo_19_22","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: The aim of this article is to evaluate the knowledge about perfect eye drops instillation technique among optometrists in India. Materials and Methods: An online questionnaire-based, cross-sectional study was conducted. A self-administered, electronic questionnaire with a cover letter explaining the aim of the study was distributed among optometrists practicing in India. Demographic characteristics were summarized using descriptive statistics. Categorical variables were summarized using frequencies and percentages. Results: Among 396 respondents, 237 (59.84%) were females and 159 (40.16%) were males with a mean age of 24.5 ± 2.81 years. Two-fifths of the optometrists opted for washing hands before eye drop instillation. Similarly, almost nine-tenths of the participants preferred to instill eye drops asking patients to sit and about one-tenth of the optometrist preferred patients in supine position during administering drops. Most common errors during drop instillation among optometrists were drop instillation without nasolacrimal occlusion (19.95%) and hand hygiene (69.94%). Conclusion: Proper education and awareness about eye drop instillation process should be given to all eye care practitioners so that non-compliance and incorrect methods of drop instillation can either be minimized or nullified from patients’ end.","PeriodicalId":370883,"journal":{"name":"Himalayan Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"92 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123976677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dissociated vertical deviation: Simplified 解离垂直偏差:简化

Himalayan Journal of Ophthalmology Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.4103/hjo.hjo_18_22

Neha Preet, Mittali Khurana, Srishti Sharma, Anupama Singh

{"title":"Dissociated vertical deviation: Simplified","authors":"Neha Preet, Mittali Khurana, Srishti Sharma, Anupama Singh","doi":"10.4103/hjo.hjo_18_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/hjo.hjo_18_22","url":null,"abstract":"Dissociated vertical deviation (DVD) is not a well-understood ocular motility disorder. It is defined as an intermittent anomaly of a non-fixing eye consisting of upward excursion, ex-cyclotorsion, and lateral deviation. It can present as latent or manifest deviation. It is usually bilateral, asymmetrical, and often associated with latent nystagmus and infantile esotropia. In unilateral cases, it can be associated with amblyopia. Binocular vision is usually absent in these patients. There are huge variations in the measurements of DVD, as it becomes visible only with one eye covered, hence making quantification of its magnitude difficult. Therefore, choosing an adequate management option is difficult. Management options include both conservative as well as surgical treatment. Conservative management is done with spectacles correction to encourage fusion. Surgical management is indicated in large, frequent DVD or with anomalous head posture. Surgical options commonly adopted are superior rectus recession with or without posterior fixation sutures. Different surgical approaches to DVD are currently being used but no recommended guidelines are available, hence is based on the amount of deviation and experience of a surgeon.","PeriodicalId":370883,"journal":{"name":"Himalayan Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125223382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Recent advances and innovations in ophthalmology 眼科的最新进展和创新

Himalayan Journal of Ophthalmology Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.4103/hjo.hjo_15_22

S. Mittal

引用次数: 0

Refractive alternatives for prevention of myopia progression 预防近视进展的屈光替代物

Himalayan Journal of Ophthalmology Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.4103/hjo.hjo_16_22

Anupam Singh

引用次数: 0

A cross-sectional comparative analysis of corneal endothelial parameters by specular microscopy in post covid versus normal population in Western India 在印度西部，通过镜面显微镜对covid后和正常人群角膜内皮参数的横断面比较分析

Himalayan Journal of Ophthalmology Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.4103/hjo.hjo_10_22

J. Kaushik, Ankita Singh, V. Anargh, Eram Riyaz, Srikanth Sathagopam, A. Arun kumar, Renu Nair, Ishan Aggarwal

{"title":"A cross-sectional comparative analysis of corneal endothelial parameters by specular microscopy in post covid versus normal population in Western India","authors":"J. Kaushik, Ankita Singh, V. Anargh, Eram Riyaz, Srikanth Sathagopam, A. Arun kumar, Renu Nair, Ishan Aggarwal","doi":"10.4103/hjo.hjo_10_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/hjo.hjo_10_22","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To observe the changes in corneal endothelium post COVID-19 infection in different age groups using specular microscopy and compare it with the normal population in western India during the pandemic. Materials and Method: 129 patients COVID-19 recovered, and 123 age-matched healthy controls were included in this cross sectional, comparative, monocentric study. Corneal endothelial parameters like Cell Density (CD) (cell/mm2), Coefficient of Variation (CV) (polymegathism, %), Cell hexagonality (polymorphism, %), Average cell area (MCA) (μm2/cell), and mean value of Central Corneal Thickness (CCT) (μm) were evaluated with a non-contact specular microscope (TOMEY EM-4000, CBD.TOMEY USA) Results: The mean (SD) time since COVID diagnosis (months) in the study group was 6.67 (1.94). The mean (SD) time since RT-PCR negative (months) in the study group was 6.34 (1.74). The mean (SD) of CV (%) in the study group was (RE) 37.75 (6.03), (LE) 36.25 (4.66) and in control group was (RE) 35.23 (3.75), (LE) 34.77 (3.64). The mean (SD) of hexagonality (%) in the study group was (RE) 47.33 (6.84), 48.45 (7.33) and in control group was (RE):56.73 (4.13), (LE) 56.21 (5.34). Conclusion: The specular microscopic examination on the COVID-19 recovered patients revealed a decrease in the hexagonality of the endothelial cells (pleomorphism) and an increase in the cell size (polymegathism). Specular microscopic examination can be done to assess such earliest changes in corneal endothelium to evaluate the effects of the infection following recovery on ocular tissue to avoid long term sequalae.","PeriodicalId":370883,"journal":{"name":"Himalayan Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"122 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114827773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Post-ROCM restrictive strabismus: A challenge for strabismus surgeon rocm后限制性斜视:斜视外科医生面临的挑战

Himalayan Journal of Ophthalmology Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.4103/hjo.hjo_17_22

Ashutosh Kumar Singh, S. Verma, Mittali Khurana, Srishti Sharma, P. Kumari, A. Tyagi

{"title":"Post-ROCM restrictive strabismus: A challenge for strabismus surgeon","authors":"Ashutosh Kumar Singh, S. Verma, Mittali Khurana, Srishti Sharma, P. Kumari, A. Tyagi","doi":"10.4103/hjo.hjo_17_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/hjo.hjo_17_22","url":null,"abstract":"Restrictive strabismus is characterized by extraocular motility restriction, which is confirmed by performing forced duction test. It can be congenital because of various syndromes or acquired after thyroid eye disease, after long-standing strabismus, after sinus surgery, or after trauma. Recently, we have faced a devastating epidemic of rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis (ROCM) during the second wave of COVID-19 pandemic, which was treated by both surgical (sinus surgery) and medical (antifungal agents) modalities. Diabetes mellitus and the inadvertent use of systemic steroid were the leading risk factors for ROCM outbreak. India being the diabetic capital of the world favored this condition. We are reporting a challenging case of ROCM with diabetes mellitus, who presented to us with troublesome diplopia with extraocular motility restriction. He had a history of right-sided ROCM treated by sinus surgery and systemic antifungal agents 1 year back, followed by a good residual vision and restrictive strabismus leading to the symptoms. A previous history of sinus surgery and post-ROCM scarring and narrow surgical field posed a great challenge for strabismus surgery. In spite of all odds, a good postoperative alignment was achieved by a single-stage strabismus surgery, and the patient was asymptomatic after 3 months of follow-up.","PeriodicalId":370883,"journal":{"name":"Himalayan Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121330022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An overview of microbiological profile in chronic microbial keratitis at a tertiary care center 在三级保健中心的慢性微生物性角膜炎的微生物概况概述

Himalayan Journal of Ophthalmology Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.4103/hjo.hjo_11_22

Manisha Gupta, Priyanka Gupta, Juhi Panwar

{"title":"An overview of microbiological profile in chronic microbial keratitis at a tertiary care center","authors":"Manisha Gupta, Priyanka Gupta, Juhi Panwar","doi":"10.4103/hjo.hjo_11_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/hjo.hjo_11_22","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: Clinical feature and microbiological investigation help in reaching the diagnosis in cases of microbial keratitis. But in cases where a patient is already on polytopical therapy, clinical features are altered so dependency on microbiological investigation is more by the time cases reached to the referred hospital. The present study aimed to overview the profile of microbial investigation in microbial corneal ulcer cases that were already on polytherapy referred to the ophthalmic department of tertiary care center. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective hospital record-based study where microbiological reports of 58 infective keratitis cases of moderate-to-severe nature were analyzed. Statistical analysis was calculated with confidence intervals (CIs) using “Medcalc” statistical software online. Results: Following are the results of the study: 52% patients were males; 18.97% cases were positive for Gram stain. Aerobic culture was positive in 10.34%; potassium hydroxide (KOH) mount was positive in 9.62% cases; sabouraud dextrose agar culture was positive in 7.69% cases. Sensitivity of Gram stain was 33.3% (95% CI: 4.33%–77.72%), whereas specificity was 82.7% (95% CI: 69.67%–91.77%); positive predictive value (PPV) was 18.18% (95% CI: 2.28%–51.78%) and negative predictive value (NPV) was 91.49% (95% CI: 79.62%–97.63%). Sensitivity of KOH mount was 25% (95% CI: 0.63%–80.59%), whereas specificity was 91.67% (95% CI: 80.02%–97.68%); PPV was 20.20% (95% CI: 0.51%–71.64%) and NPV was 93.62% (95% CI: 82.46%–98.66%). Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus were the most common bacterial isolates. Conclusions: Basic microbiological investigations have a low yield in chronic infectious keratitis cases that are on prior cocktail long-term therapy. Therefore, advanced tests such as polymerase chain reaction, confocal microscopy, and corneal biopsy may be helpful in managing such challenging cases.","PeriodicalId":370883,"journal":{"name":"Himalayan Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129606539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pediatric penetrating keratoplasty and its unique challenges 儿童穿透性角膜移植术及其独特的挑战

Himalayan Journal of Ophthalmology Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.4103/hjo.hjo_12_22

A. Raj

引用次数: 0

Vitreopapillary traction a missed or underdiagnosed entity: Case report 玻璃体乳头牵引遗漏或诊断不足:1例报告

Himalayan Journal of Ophthalmology Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.4103/hjo.hjo_14_22

G. Sood, S. Mahajan, Aditi Parashar, S. Sood

引用次数: 0

Frequency-double Nd-YAG laser hyaloidotomy for treatment of small subhyaloid hemorrhage at the fovea

Himalayan Journal of Ophthalmology Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/hjo.hjo_4_22

G. Sood, S. Mahajan, S. Sood, Aditi Parashar

引用次数: 0