Journal of Human Trafficking最新文献

{"title":"Migration, Exploitation, and Human Trafficking Among High-Risk Transgender and Gender Non-Conforming Individuals in Cape Town: A Case Study","authors":"Erica Koegler, Shelley A. Vickerman, Annah K. Bender, Edna G. Rich","doi":"10.1080/23322705.2023.2265805","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23322705.2023.2265805","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTTransgender and gender non-conforming (TGNC) individuals and migrants are at risk for human trafficking, yet patterns of migration and exploitation among TGNC individuals are not well documented. This case study examined the experiences of migration and exploitation in a subsample of 27 TGNC individuals from a larger study of 665 high-risk adults in Cape Town, South Africa. The main variables of analysis are derived from a version of the Trafficking Victim Identification Tool, which includes quantitative and qualitative responses. Twenty-six participants (96%) reported at least one potential indicator of exploitation in their lifetime. In the past 12 months, ten participants indicated that someone had withheld payments from them or taken the payment they should have been paid. Half (n=13) of the South African born participants discussed internal migration in their qualitative responses without migration specific prompting. Participants described difficult lives that included childhood abuse, unstable housing, economic marginalization, internal migration, and elements of labor and sexual exploitation – much of which was driven by transphobic and intersectional discrimination and stigma. Our findings shed light on the vulnerability of TGNC individuals and emphasize the need to include TGNC voices in all research and interventions addressing human trafficking.KEYWORDS: Exploitationhuman traffickingmigrationSouth Africatransgender AcknowledgmentsThis work was supported by USAID and the South African Department of Science and Innovation (DSI), as a supplement to a USAID Cooperative Agreement #7200AA18CA00009 to Purdue University. Contents reflect the views of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of USAID or DSI.Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Additional informationFundingThis work was supported by the Department of Science and Innovation, South Africa [7200AA18CA00009]; LASER PULSE [7200AA18CA00009]; United States Agency for International Development [7200AA18CA00009].","PeriodicalId":37076,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Human Trafficking","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136112315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Jobs for Justice: The Impact of Stable Employment in Expediting Financial Wellbeing for Survivors of Human Trafficking","authors":"Vanessa Bouché, Sara Woldehanna, Kyle Vincent, Betsy Nolan","doi":"10.1080/23322705.2023.2257126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23322705.2023.2257126","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTFinancial wellbeing – broadly characterized as a liveable income, savings, and autonomy over financial decisions – has been shown to influence physical and psychological health and is therefore an important element of holistic wellbeing. The present study examines the factors that impact the financial wellbeing of survivors of human trafficking in the United States. Using survey data from a sample of trafficking survivors in the U.S. we find that both temporal distance from the exploitative experience and a stable source of income significantly predict financial wellbeing for trafficking survivors. Importantly, however, stable work that provides predictable income mitigates the impact of time in establishing financial wellbeing. The implications of this research are significant for policy and programs aimed at improving the livelihoods of trafficking survivors.KEYWORDS: TraffickingLivelihoodFinancial WellbeingRegression AnalysisParticipatory Action Research AcknowledgmentsThe authors would like to thank individual donors, corporations, and foundations who contribute to Polaris’ unrestricted fund, including partial funding for the National Survivor Study from IHG Hotels & Resorts, Match Group, PayPal, and United Way Worldwide. The authors would also like to thank the National Survivor Study core research team and community advisory group, including: Lara Powers, Katherine T. Bright, Tristan Call, Michael Chen, Hazel Fasthorse, Tawana Bandy Fattah, La Toya Gix, Elizabeth Jacobs, Forrest Jacobs, Ashley Maha’a, Erin Marsh, Namrita S. Singh, Karen Snyder, Lauren Vollinger, Charity Watters, Wade Arvizu, Marlene Carson, Harold D’Souza, Wang Fen, and Eric Harris.Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Supplementary materialSupplemental data for this article can be accessed online at https://doi.org/10.1080/23322705.2023.2257126Notes1 For example, women, children, racial and ethnic minorities, LGBTQ+, disabled and migrants have all been groups identified as being vulnerable or at higher risk to trafficking victimization and/or are disproportionately represented among trafficking victims compared to their numbers in the general population (see, for example, IOM et al., Citation2022; Jagoe et al., Citation2022; Latham-Sprinkle et al., Citation2019; UNODC, Citation2020; Whitbeck et al., Citation2004).2 While we expect there to be a relationship between stable work and financial wellbeing, when one does not feel competent in their work, does not feel adequately supported, or the environment becomes unduly demanding, overall wellbeing may be jeopardized, which could have negative implications for financial wellbeing. While it is beyond the scope of the present study, we acknowledge that the quality of the stable employment may be just as important as the stable employment itself.3 The survey instrument is available upon request.4 The survey and sampling methodology received ethical approval from the Biomedica","PeriodicalId":37076,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Human Trafficking","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134974936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“Save the #Talibés”: A State-Led Intervention to Remove Children from the Street in Dakar, Senegal","authors":"Shona L. Macleod","doi":"10.1080/23322705.2023.2263303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23322705.2023.2263303","url":null,"abstract":"Between July 2016 and May 2018, the Senegalese state implemented two phases of a project designed to remove children from the streets of Dakar, targeted at the talibés, or child students of the Qur’an, who beg. Based on qualitative research conducted in Dakar in 2017–2018, this article demonstrates the dynamics behind an uncoordinated and unplanned anti-trafficking intervention. It shows that the contradictions between two different explanations for talibés’ begging led to reward rather than sanctions for those responsible, who are framed variously as child traffickers and as legitimate Qur’anic teachers. It demonstrates the lack of coordination and cooperation among state structures, and between state structures and NGOs, which is then employed by the same actors to explain away the project’s minimal impact. It argues that the project was an example of the Senegalese state trying to adhere to international prescriptions to action to end child trafficking, while avoiding the political wrath of religious leaders domestically. By drawing attention to the distance between global discourse and local implementations, the findings of this article contribute to promoting nuanced policymaking under the Sustainable Development Goal Target 16.2: End abuse, exploitation, trafficking and all forms of violence against and torture of children.","PeriodicalId":37076,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Human Trafficking","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136342781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Exploration into the Lived Experiences of Young People Forced to Beg and Sell Goods in Kampala, Uganda","authors":"Lauren Moton, Meredith Dank, Yu-Hsuan Liu, Andrea Hughes","doi":"10.1080/23322705.2023.2247922","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23322705.2023.2247922","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37076,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Human Trafficking","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43950188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Manufacturing Freedom: Sex Work, Anti-Trafficking Rehab and the Racial Wages of Rescue","authors":"I. Gheorghiu","doi":"10.1080/23322705.2023.2247223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23322705.2023.2247223","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37076,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Human Trafficking","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43581657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early-Career Mental Health Professionals’ Preparedness to Counsel Survivors of Sex Trafficking","authors":"Cheri Mays, Thom A. Field, K. Ng","doi":"10.1080/23322705.2023.2243657","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23322705.2023.2243657","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37076,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Human Trafficking","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49452669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COVID-19 Pandemic’s Impact on Online Sex Advertising and Sex Trafficking","authors":"Julia O. Coxen, Vanessa Castro, Bridgette Carr, Glen Bredin, Seth Guikema","doi":"10.1080/23322705.2023.2215362","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23322705.2023.2215362","url":null,"abstract":"Disruptive social events such as the COVID-19 pandemic can have a significant impact on sex trafficking and the working conditions of victims, yet these effects have been little understood. This paper examines the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on sex trafficking in the United States, based on analysis of over one million sexual service advertisements from the online platform Rubratings.com, using indicators of third-party management as potential proxies for trafficking. Our results show that there have been measurable changes in online commercial sexual service advertising, both with and without third-party management indicators, in the United States, with a significant decrease occurring around the time of the start of the pandemic and the issuance of stay-at-home orders followed by an increase to levels well above pre-pandemic levels corresponding in time to when COVID-related restrictions were relaxed. We argue that the initial decrease could have been induced by a loss of demand for sexual services due to pandemic-related health concerns, but that a confluence of factors, including the lack of economic and social support for those working in the commercial sex industry, may have increased the number of people vulnerable to being exploited and becoming trafficking victims. This research adds to the understanding of the way sex trafficking adapts to events in the public sphere.","PeriodicalId":37076,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Human Trafficking","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135308831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating Physician Training, Knowledge, and Response to Human Trafficking at an Academic Medical Center in Texas","authors":"Victoria Udezi, Prachi Singh, L. Malthaner, K. Jetelina","doi":"10.1080/23322705.2023.2243580","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23322705.2023.2243580","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37076,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Human Trafficking","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47937232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experiences of Child Welfare Workers in a Child Sex Trafficking Training","authors":"Karen Burruss-Cousins, Caroline Harmon‐Darrow, Neil Mallon, Gavin McTavish, Nadine M. Finigan-Carr","doi":"10.1080/23322705.2023.2239688","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23322705.2023.2239688","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37076,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Human Trafficking","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46820343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"State-Sponsored Human Trafficking in Belarus: The Weaponization of Migration and Exploitation","authors":"Julia Muraszkiewicz, R. Piotrowicz","doi":"10.1080/23322705.2023.2235969","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23322705.2023.2235969","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37076,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Human Trafficking","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47923893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}