UUM Journal of Legal Studies最新文献

{"title":"ONE PERSON COMPANY IN ASIA AND EUROPE: A COMPARATIVE STUDY","authors":"Salah Mohammed Almasabi, H. M. Ali, Hazlina Shaik MD Noor Alam","doi":"10.32890/uumjls2023.14.2.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32890/uumjls2023.14.2.8","url":null,"abstract":"The introduction of One Person Company (OPC) has revolutionized the concept of Company operations around the world. Many countries have witnessed significant growth in their economy and Gross Domestic Products (GDP) as a result of the development of OPC. The concept of OPC received much reception because it allows one person to operate a company that has a corporate personality distinct from him. This paper is a comparative study of OPC practices in Asia and Europe with focus on legal entity, incorporation procedure, minimum share capital, appointment of a nominee and conversion of OPC. By using the doctrinal data gathering approach, the researchers examine the relevant journals, articles, books, papers, and Internet sources with a view to achieve the objective of the study. In choosing the sample States, the article further uses the GDPs as a yardstick for selecting the participating countries. The reason for adopting the GDP as the criterion is because it provides an economic snapshot of a nationwhich is used to calculate the size of an economy and its growth rate. The findings of the research paper reveal that the economies around the world were boosted since the inception of the OPCs. Countries like the United Kingdom, Singapore and China witnessed 3.5 percent growth in their economy since inception of OPCs. Establishing and operating Businesses have become easy because the single shareholder need not go through the tedious process of documentations, getting minimum requirements for partners as is applicable for other forms of company operations.","PeriodicalId":37075,"journal":{"name":"UUM Journal of Legal Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49090047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CONSUMER PROTECTION AGAINST THE FALSE DESCRIPTION OF HALAL IN E-COMMERCE","authors":"Nurul Najla' Athirah Muhamad Nazari, Elistina Abu Bakar, Afida Mastura Muhammad Arif","doi":"10.32890/uumjls2023.14.2.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32890/uumjls2023.14.2.10","url":null,"abstract":"The rapid emergence and growth of e-commerce have caused an increase in halal issues, especially with the false description of Halalin E-Commerce amongst the various online platform providers. More specifically, halal issues that need legal attention include safety issues, deceptive conduct, misleading representation, and false description. This study aims to analyse the adequacy of the Consumer Protection Act 1999 to protect consumers, especially regarding false descriptions of halal in online transactions. To achieve this objective, the approach is to adopt a qualitative research method, in which content analysis is made by comparing the consumer protection laws in force in other countries. The findings of this study revealed several challenges in applying such laws, which used ambiguous terminologies and imposed limited liabilities on online market operators. A few recommendations have been put forward, such as the interpretation of terms such as ‘consumer,’ ‘goods,’ ‘description,’ and ‘suppliers’ needs. These terminologies have to be revised, in addition to extend the liabilities of online market operators so that there will be better consumer protection for Muslims when they shop online. ","PeriodicalId":37075,"journal":{"name":"UUM Journal of Legal Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45817774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PEOPLE WITH AUTISM AND THE PROPENSITY FOR LAW-BREAKING: A SPECIAL EDUCATION TEACHERS’ PERSPECTIVE","authors":"Zuliza Mohd Kusrin, AbRahman Roseliza-Murni, W. Yusof, Zaini Nasohah, M. Samuri, Nurul Ilyana Muhd Adnan, Zahidah Dahalan","doi":"10.32890/uumjls2023.14.2.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32890/uumjls2023.14.2.4","url":null,"abstract":"Autism is a subtype of neuro-developmental disorders, that causes the afflicted person to have social skills deficit, which then manifests into their behaviours. Behaviours that are typical among persons with autism, such as obsessions with daily routine, difficulties in understanding abstract matters and codes of conduct may expose them to engage in indecent acts in public or exhibit other forms of risky behaviours that violate social norms and break the law. The objective of this research is to study the behaviour of persons with autism who tend to break the law based on the perspective of teachers at autism centres in Malaysia. Data were collected through focus group discussion (FGD) with 25 special education teachers who were directly involved in the process of early intervention and education of children with autism. Data obtained were then analyzed descriptively and thematic analysis was conducted to obtain the recurring themes. Results of FGD demonstrated that the frequently emerging themes of rule-breaking behaviors committed by persons with autism are physically hurting others, setting buildings on fire (arson), vandalism of public property, theft, sexual and cyber offences which are considered criminal acts under the Penal Code and the Shariah Criminal Offences State Enactment/Act. Most research participants, however, considered these behaviors to be part of the individual with autism behavior and thus do not consider them serious enough to report to law enforcement for investigation and prosecution. Thus, it is recommended that teachers, parents, and caretakers be more attentive to preventing high-risk behavior of persons with autism through ongoing early intervention programs tailored to meet the needs of persons with autism. Research findings can help society tobetter understand autistic behavior that needs timely intervention, so it will not lead to an investigation by the police or criminal prosecution. ","PeriodicalId":37075,"journal":{"name":"UUM Journal of Legal Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44669102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PRISONERS OF WAR: CLASSIFICATION AND LEGAL PROTECTION UNDER INTERNATIONAL HUMANITARIAN LAW","authors":"Hamza A. K. Salman, Shahrul Mizan Ismail, Rohaida Nordin","doi":"10.32890/uumjls2023.14.2.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32890/uumjls2023.14.2.11","url":null,"abstract":"The International humanitarian law, through a set of international conventions, protects prisoners of war from any violation orinfringement of human rights during their captivity. The status of prisoners of war is only applicable in international armed conflicts.After The Hague Convention had failed to identify the categories of fighters who would benefit from their privileges as prisoners of war in World War II, the Third and Fourth Geneva Conventions and their protocols were established to justify the inclusion of broader categories of combatants. Descriptive and analytical approaches are used in the study reported in this article to identify the category of people regarded as prisoners of war. by examining international treaties and agreements in relation to the definition of a prisoner of war before characterising the individuals who fulfil the criteria of “prisoner of war” under these treaties. Moreover, it explains the legal mechanisms necessary to ensure that the parties involved in international conflicts comply with the international conventions on prisoners of war. This article concludes that the prisoners of war are often members of the military forces of one of the belligerents who fall into the hands of the opposing party and other types of people who possess the right to the status of prisoners of war or can be treated as prisoners of war following the Third Geneva Convention of 1949. In contrast, traitors, deserters and mercenaries are not considered the prisoners of war. If they commit a war crime, they can be prosecuted by the internal law of the Detaining Power. On the other hand, the overlapping definitions of the prisoners of war can create confusion in combatant interactions during the armed conflict, hence increases violations. Consequently, states must take practical steps to prevent any expected violations against the prisoners of war, for instance enacting national laws to ensure international treaties compliance and raise the awareness of international law among leaders and officials during armed conflicts to limit the violence against combatants. ","PeriodicalId":37075,"journal":{"name":"UUM Journal of Legal Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44000684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A CALL FOR REGULATION OF ESTATE ADMINISTRATION OF CRYPTOCURRENCY IN MALAYSIA","authors":"Nur Syaedah Kamis, Norazlina Abd. Wahab, Mohammad Azam Hussain","doi":"10.32890/uumjls2023.14.2.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32890/uumjls2023.14.2.13","url":null,"abstract":"The positive acceptance of cryptocurrency by the public indicates their interest and enthusiasm for cryptocurrency. Nevertheless, theregulatory overlay related to cryptocurrency is still at its infancy level, posing challenges to its estate administration upon the death ofthe owner of a cryptocurrency, which will lead to its disappearance and loss as it becomes impossible to be inherited. Hence, in light ofthis undesirable possibility, this paper aims to analyze the legal and Shariah issues on the estate administration of cryptocurrency from the perspectives of Malaysian laws and Shariah. This paper examined doctrinal research by examining relevant legal provisions, Shariah rulings, fatwa, cases, and non-legal literature on estate administration. This paper concludes that there is a lacuna in the estate administration of cryptocurrency as its regulatory framework is still new and evolving. Therefore, the legal and Shariah issues highlighted in this paper may provide some important policy implications for regulators and policymakers to fulfil the lacuna in the estate administration of cryptocurrency in Malaysia.","PeriodicalId":37075,"journal":{"name":"UUM Journal of Legal Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49296533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DOMESTIC VIOLENCE IN THE WAKE OF COVID-19: INTERVENTION MEASURES TO AMELIORATE THE IMPACT","authors":"Daleleer Kaur Randawar, N. Rahmat, S. Jayabalan, Sharifah Noorlyana Syed Sulaiman","doi":"10.32890/uumjls2023.14.2.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32890/uumjls2023.14.2.3","url":null,"abstract":"Reports of domestic violence cases saw a huge uproar during the Coronavirus pandemic in 2019. The height of domestic violencefollowing the pandemic has had a critical impact universally. There is a pressing call for responding to these acts of domestic violence,and this article investigates conceivable measures and practices to moderate the impact of domestic violence and help these victims out of their abusive environment, especially during pressing times like the COVID-19 eruption. This study takes on a doctrinal examination of existing materials, including an evaluation of the Domestic Violence Act 1994, articles, diaries, and other forms of writing in relation to the current concerns. The discoveries have exhibited that the existing framework comes up short on the foundation of helping and directing the targets out of their abusers at home in conditions of undertakings like the pandemic. Multiple forms of undertakings are expected to introduce better coordination among every vital section of society, including health, education, police, the court, and community groups, in order to embed adequate preventive measures to mitigate the consequences.","PeriodicalId":37075,"journal":{"name":"UUM Journal of Legal Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43161360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COPYRIGHT EXCEPTIONS FOR TEACHING AND RESEARCH PURPOSES: A COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN PALESTINE AND MALAYSIA","authors":"Mohammed Mahmoud Qtait, Muhammad Nizam Awang, Haliza A. Shukor, Intan Nadia Ghulam Khan","doi":"10.32890/uumjls2023.14.2.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32890/uumjls2023.14.2.9","url":null,"abstract":"Copyright exceptions for teaching and research purposes have turned into a significant issue for achieving a balance between the copyright owner and copyright users. The regulation of this issue is reflected in the Copyright Acts 1911 and 1987 for Palestine and Malaysia, respectively. The Palestine Copyright Act 1911 dismisses teaching and research copyright exceptions in detail and has not been amended since 1911; signifying a huge setback in regulating this issue and the pressing need to improvise the Act in order to achieve a balance between the copyright owner and copyright users. The present study has looked into the teaching and research exceptions detailed in the Palestine Copyright Act 1911 with the aim of suggesting improvements in the Act. The comparative research approach was used, along with a functional method. The findings revealed that the Malaysia Copyright Act 1987 offers several provisions in regulating the teaching and research exceptions based on a fair dealing rule, while the Palestine Copyright Act 1911 lacked provisions in regulating these exceptions despite its fair dealing principle. This points to the need for improvements in the Palestine Copyright Act 1911.","PeriodicalId":37075,"journal":{"name":"UUM Journal of Legal Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43858010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ISU GELANDANGAN DI MALAYSIA: ANALISA DARI PERSPEKTIF SOSIAL DAN UNDANG-UNDANG (AKTA ORANG-ORANG PAPA 1977 [AKTA 183))","authors":"Mohd Alif Jasni, Noralina Omar, Muna Maryam Azmy, Sofi Mohd Fikri, Annuar Aswan Mohd Noor, Zalmizy Hussin, Nur Faizira Abdul Rahman","doi":"10.32890/uumjls2023.14.1.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32890/uumjls2023.14.1.15","url":null,"abstract":"Isu gelandangan adalah antara fenomena yang mengundang ketidakselesaan kepada sebahagian masyarakat, terutama di bandaraya yang pesat membangun. Kesan urbanisasi yang mengakibatkan ketidakstabilan ekonomi di kalangan masyarakat bandar dikatakan telah menyumbang kepada peningkatan statistik gelandangan di Malaysia. Golongan ini bergelut dalam memastikan kelangsungan hidup mereka akibat kemiskinan dan keterdesakan yang melanda. Tujuan kajian ini dijalankan adalah untuk membincangkan isu berkaitan golongan gelandangan dari sudut sosial dan undang­ undang, bermula daripada definisi, terminologi, undang-undang berkaitan, serta isu penguatkuasaannya. Kajian ini adalah berdasarkan konseptual yang membincangkan isu-isu setempat berkaitan dengan gelandangan dan masyarakat orang papa. Kajian lepas telah digunakan bagi mengenal pasti kajian yang telah dijalankan berkenaan Akta Orang Papa 1977 dari segi terminologi, bidang kuasa, impak sosial dan pengehadan akta. Struktur operasi yang dijalankan oleh Jabatan Kebajikan Masyarakat (JKM) dalam membantu golongan ini juga telah dibincangkan bersama pengehadan akta yang dikaitkan daripada pandangan sosial masyarakat. Kekaburan yang wujud pada Akta Orang Papa 1977 telah memberi kesan kepada keberkesanan penguatkuasan, pengurusan dan pemulihan gelandangan yang dapat dijalankan. Keadaan ini disebabkan oleh ketiadaan pentakrifan yang jelas terhadap konsep gelandangan menerusi akta ini. Maka dengan itu, ia telah memberi impak sosial penguatkuasaan akta, isu berkaitan Perlembagaan Persekutuan Malaysia dan pengehadan Akta Orang Papa 1977 dari sudut sosial masyarakat. Beberapa cadangan bagi menambah baik keadaan yang melibatkan gelandangan seperti pindaan definisi dan penggunaan bidang kuasa telah dibincangkan bagi memastikan golongan ini dilindungi dan produktif dalam kehidupan.\u0000 \u0000ABSTRACT\u0000The issue of homelessness is a disturbing phenomenon to communities, especially in fast-growing cities. Apparently, homelessness statistics in Malaysia has risen due to urbanisation, which in turn has led to economic instability among urban residents. Homeless or destitute people struggle to survive due to poverty and despair. Therefore, the objective of this study is to analyse issues associated with homelessness from a social and legal perspective, beginning with definitions, terminologies, to relevant legislation and enforcement issues. This study is conceptual-based which mainly discuss local issues related to the homeless and destitute community. Previous studies were used to identify studies that had been carried out concerning the Destitute Persons Act 1977 in terms of terminology and jurisdiction including the social impact and limitations of the act. The operational structure of the Department of Social Welfare in assisting these groups are also discussed along with limitations in the relevant legislation from social standpoints. The ambiguity that exists in the Destitute Persons Act 1977 has impacted on the effectiveness of t","PeriodicalId":37075,"journal":{"name":"UUM Journal of Legal Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46542779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EKSTREMISME GANAS DAN SEMAKAN KEHAKIMAN DALAM KES-KES BERKAITAN DENGANNYA DARI PERSPEKTIF UNDANG-UNDANG TAHANAN PENCEGAHAN MALAYSIA","authors":"Pushpamalar Govindaraju, Mohamad Rizal Abd Rahman, Shahrul Mizan Ismail","doi":"10.32890/uumjls2023.14.1.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32890/uumjls2023.14.1.12","url":null,"abstract":"Resolusi 2178 (2014) dan Pelan Tindakan Mencegah Ekstremisme Ganas (Pelan Tindakan) pada peringkat Pertubuhan Bangsa-bangsa Bersatu (PBB) menyeru negara-negara anggota untuk membentuk satu pelan tindakan negara yang merangkumi langkah-langkah berkesan dalam mencegah ekstremisme ganas. Dari perspektif undang-undang, setiap negara dikehendaki untuk memastikan kedaulatan undang-undang dan hak asasi manusia tidak terjejas oleh lanjutan daripada penguatkuasaan undang-undang berkaitan. Semakan kehakiman dilihat sebagai salah satu perkara asas kepada pentadbiran yang baik dalam menjamin kedaulatan undang-undang. Secara lazimnya, undang-undang tahanan pencegahan menjadi pilihan utama badan eksekutif untuk menahan seseorang yang dipercayai ada hubung kait atau terlibat dalam perbuatan yang menjejaskan keselamatan negara. Undang-undang tersebut juga digunakan untuk mencegah ekstremis ganas yang berpotensi mengancam ketenteraman awam dan keselamatan negara. Lantaran itu, artikel ini bertujuan menganalisis sejauh manakah undang-undang tahanan pencegahan Malaysia sesuai dalam menangani ekstremisme ganas dan semakan kehakiman diberikan ruang dalam kes-kes berkaitan. Untuk tujuan tersebut, kaedah kualitatif digunakan dan kajian perpustakaan secara doktrin dilakukan untuk mengumpul data serta maklumat. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahawa hak orang tahanan dan peranan mahkamah untuk membuat semakan kehakiman dalam kes-kes ekstremisme ganas adalah terhad di bawah undang-undang pencegahan tahanan Malaysia. Justeru, penulis mencadangkan supaya orang tahanan dan badan kehakiman diberikan kebebasan sepenuhnya untuk membuat semakan kehakiman bagi kes-kes ekstremisme ganas. Di samping itu, perlu ada kajian lanjut bagi membandingkan pendekatan semakan kehakiman di negara-negara lain dalam kes-kes ekstremisme ganas untuk dijadikan panduan agar peruntukan dalam undang-undang tahanan pencegahan Malaysia dapat dipinda atau diperbaiki demi menegakkan kedaulatan undang-undang.\u0000 \u0000ABSTRACT\u0000 Resolution 2178 (2014) and the Plan of Action to Prevent Violent Extremism (Plan of Action) of the United Nations called on its member states to develop a national plan of action that includes effective measures in preventing violent extremism. From a legal perspective, each state is required to ensure respect for the rule of law and human rights while enforcing the relevant laws. Judicial review is seen as one of the essential foundations for good governance in ensuring the rule of law. Basically, preventive detention laws are the primary choice of the executive body for detaining any person that is believed to act, or is likely to act in any manner which is prejudicial to national security. The law may also be used to deter violent extremists from becoming potential threats to public order and national security. Therefore, this article aims to analyze the extent to which Malaysian preventive detention laws are appropriate in addressing violent extremism and whether judicial review is given spac","PeriodicalId":37075,"journal":{"name":"UUM Journal of Legal Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42008443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE APPLICATION OF GOOD FAITH IN CONTRACTS DURING A FORCE MAJEURE EVENT AND BEYOND WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE COVID-19 ACT 2020","authors":"Nurhidayah Abdullah, Zuhairah Ariff ABD GHADAS","doi":"10.32890/uumjls2023.14.1.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32890/uumjls2023.14.1.6","url":null,"abstract":"Many parties face difficulties in performing contracts due to the economic dislocation since the outbreak of COVID-19. The extraordinary nature of this pandemic situation calls for good faith in contractual settings. The discussion of this paper focuses on the imposition in a force majeure event which will cause many contracts to be unenforceable. The research method used doctrinal analysis to discuss the force majeure clause in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic and the obligation of good faith in contracts. This paper will discuss the COVID-19 pandemic as a force majeure event, arguing that the rise of \"good faith\" in contract law and the application of \"good faith\" in contracts as a mitigation for a force majeure event. The paper will then present its conclusion and recommendations. The findings highlight the significance of applying \"good faith\" in the event of force majeure and beyond as a mitigating factor in alleviating uncertainty and unfairness.","PeriodicalId":37075,"journal":{"name":"UUM Journal of Legal Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43575388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}