Acta Scientiarum Polonorum, Administratio Locorum最新文献

{"title":"Effects of land consolidation in Southern Poland","authors":"M. Balawejder, Katarzyna Matkowska, Ernest Rymarczyk","doi":"10.31648/aspal.6573","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31648/aspal.6573","url":null,"abstract":"Motives: The fragmentation of land and the distribution of plots in rural areas negatively affects the profitability and efficiency of agricultural production. Land consolidation is an activity that facilitates the improvement of the spatial structure and at the same time contributes to the sustainable development of rural areas. European Union (EU) funding helps to improve, among others the area structure of agricultural land in the EU countries.\u0000Aim: From these premises, the purpose of the work results, which is the assessment of the effects of the performed consolidation of land with EU funding. The detailed analysis covered 16 precincts from the Podkarpackie voivodeship and 3 precincts from the Świętokrzyskie voivodeship. The assessment of the consolidation of land was made in 19 consolidated objects in the years 2007-2020. In practice, there is a problem of how to demonstrate the effects of land consolidation? This article proposes to present the four most important effects of land consolidation in the form of the following coefficients: W1 (coefficient of reducing the number of plots as a result of consolidation), W2 (coefficient of increasing the average plot area in the consolidation facility), W3 (coefficient of reducing the number of plots in an individual farm as a result of consolidation), W4 (index of road network density in merged area) are a reliable image of the results of the land consolidation performed in the studied area.\u0000Results: The results were obtained. Index W1 in the examined objects indicated the result of 34.0% for the Podkarpackie voivodeship, and 28.8% for the Świętokrzyskie. Index W2 in the Podkarpackie voivodeship is 27.0%, and in the Świętokrzyskie it is higher and amounts to 29.7%. Index W3 which amounts to 39.4% of the average number of plots in a farm in the Podkarpackie voivodeship and much higher, amounting to 46.6% in the Świętokrzyskie. Index W4 for the Podkarpackie voivodeship is + 14.7%. However, for the Świętokrzyskie it is only + 3.7%. Summing up, the study analyzed four indicators showing the effects of land consolidation in southern Poland. The results obtained for these two voivodeships were similar. However, unsatisfactory in terms of the effects of land consolidation.","PeriodicalId":36893,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum Polonorum, Administratio Locorum","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43162177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cities after pandemic: enabling social distancing as a new design standard to achieve urban immunity","authors":"Nawras Motathud Mohammed Salih, S. Hussein","doi":"10.31648/aspal.6825","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31648/aspal.6825","url":null,"abstract":"Motives: COVID-19 pandemic has caused worldwide implementation of unprecedented measures of physical distancing to decrease the potential of the COVID-19 infection. As cities respond to closure measures in order to flatten the infection curve, the challenges associated with the spread of the epidemic and the increasing numbers of infected and deaths that compel us to fundamentally rethink the formation of our cities, especially their streets, the research presents an urban review of the impact of the pandemic on cities and find solutions to recover, achieve a safe and sustainable healthy environment, and prepare better for any pandemic that may occur in the future, the research seeks to strengthen the theory of prevention, which the research proposes to call (urban immunity) by including social distancing as a design criterion in the city that has proven effective in flattening the curve.\u0000Aims: This paper focuses on the mechanisms related to sustainable mobility after COVID-19 in shaping urban mobility and initiating a green transformation in urban transportation rapidly by decarbonizing and promoting cycling and walking across all over the city. The research methodology depends on identifying the most important urban problems that Al-Dhubat Street suffers from and proposing solutions that reduce dependence on private transportation and move towards sustainable mobility as an important step in strengthening urban prevention against any epidemics that may occur in the future, and then testing indicators on the Al-Dhubat Street to identify effective indicators.\u0000Results: The research concluded that social distancing is the way back to active mobility by relying on walking and bicycles and works to restore the right of pedestrians in the streets and sidewalks instead of cars and thus achieve sustainable urban development, which enhances the urban immunity of the city against any other epidemics may occur in the future. With the proposed interventions on Al-Dhubat Street we can keep car use low and promote walking and cycling for a sustainable, equitable, habitable, and healthy community after the pandemic.","PeriodicalId":36893,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum Polonorum, Administratio Locorum","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49081622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implementation of municipal adaptation plans to climate changes: Case study of Poznań","authors":"E. Kalbarczyk, Michalina Piegat","doi":"10.31648/aspal.6817","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31648/aspal.6817","url":null,"abstract":"The adaptation of cities to climate change is becoming an increasingly pressing need. The choice of optimal adaptation solutions for cities is difficult as it requires an individual approach. One way of avoiding poor decisions is to use the experience of cities which have already implemented adaptation solutions. The aim of the work was to identify measures conducted as part of implementation of the municipal plan of adaptation to climate change for Poznań and to evaluate if the conducted measures complied with the adopted strategic goals specific for the research area. It was found that Poznań undertakes measures on each of the four specified strategic goals, but to a different degree. Hard measures and measures of the types: mitigation, physical infrastructure, and green infrastructure prevail. Most measures are performed in the sectors of transport and biodiversity. In addition, single cases of actions which have a negative impact on the natural environment have been identified.","PeriodicalId":36893,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum Polonorum, Administratio Locorum","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42602342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An overview of urban resilience: dimensions, components, and approaches","authors":"M. Irani, P. Rahnamayiezekavat","doi":"10.31648/aspal.7054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31648/aspal.7054","url":null,"abstract":"This paper investigates the theoretical and research literature on urban resilience. It examines various definitions of the concept and explores its social, economic, and institutional dimensions as components of a dynamic system. The study design was a descriptive review of relevant material collected from high quality scientific databases using the purposeful sampling method. The results indicated that the social ecology model of urban resilience provided a coherent and dynamic approach to the study of urban resilience. This model comprises economic, social, and institutional dimensions, the components of which have different functions in relation to urban resilience in the face of changes and pressures. To be effective, the system must be flexible and contain a variety of resources and functions to make predictions, deal with adverse events, and make provision for possible failures. System stability and balance require active and knowledgeable actors and institutions that enable appropriate communication between them. In this approach, a resilient city not only has the ability to absorb and withstand disasters, but also contains a variety of internal and external resources to regain balance. Resilient systems are the result of a series of decisions and actions at different times. The necessary capacities must be developed in the economic, social, and institutional dimensions to create economic stability, increase awareness and public cooperation, and develop efficient institutions to legislate for and implement urban resilience programs.","PeriodicalId":36893,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum Polonorum, Administratio Locorum","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46385206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"accessibility of public urban green space. A case study of Białystok city","authors":"Iwona Krzywnicka, Patrycja Jankowska","doi":"10.31648/aspal.6794","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31648/aspal.6794","url":null,"abstract":"Motives: Urban green spaces have many functions in cities. They are used for recreational purposes, and they contribute to improving social interactions and community cohesiveness. For this reason, the location and area of urban green spaces should correspond to the size of the city and its population.\u0000Aim: The main aim of this study was to analyze the accessibility of managed and publicly available urban green spaces, referred to as public urban green spaces (PUGS), in four functional and spatial zones in the city of Białystok. The analysis included parks, green squares (pocket parks, ornamental green squares, boulevards) and public forests. The accessibility of PUGS was determined in view of their size and role in the urban spatial structure. Spatial data were processed in GIS and quantitative analyses.\u0000Results: The study demonstrated that the area of PUGS per capita meets the requirements of the World Health Organization (WHO), but the area of parks and green squares should be increased. The accessibility buffers of public green spaces often overlapped, in particular in downtown Białystok (Central zone) which is most abundant in these green infrastructure components. The analysis also revealed locations that do not have access to urban green spaces. The results of the study were used to formulate guidelines for incorporating new green spaces in Białystok and improving the urban spatial structure.","PeriodicalId":36893,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum Polonorum, Administratio Locorum","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47293074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determination of the level of sustainable development of the cities - a proposal for a method of classifying objects based on natural breaks","authors":"Krzysztof Rząsa, Mateusz Ciski","doi":"10.31648/aspal.6701","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31648/aspal.6701","url":null,"abstract":"Motives: The problem of measuring the level of sustainable development is a subject addressed by many authors in their research.\u0000Aim: In this article the Authors proposed a new method of classifying objects based on Jenks’ Natural Breaks to measure the level of sustainable development. The analysis was carried out on the basis of the data obtained from Statistics Poland. An important element of the research was the development of the process of selection and rejection of input data on the basis of a variety of statistical indicators. This resulted in a set of data which, on the one hand, is statistically justified and, on the other, describes the examined phenomenon in a comprehensive way.\u0000Results: The research objects were 66 Polish district cities; Authors obtained a ranking of cities in terms of its Sustainable Development Level. The authors decided to verify the correlation of the results obtained from a proposed method of classifying objects based on natural breaks, with those from the chosen taxonomic method (Hellwig’s method) and the Classic Ranking. The fact of receiving highly correlated results confirms the validity and reliability of the proposed method.","PeriodicalId":36893,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum Polonorum, Administratio Locorum","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48721313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Digitalization in the field of land use: legal aspects","authors":"D. Ponomareva, N. Zhavoronkova, M. Egorova, Yu.G. Shpakovsky","doi":"10.31648/aspal.6547","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31648/aspal.6547","url":null,"abstract":"Motives: In the near future modern technologies enable to create an environment for a high-tech digital platform for land use, which will ensure the minimization of the human factor, accompanying corruption and errors, automate the collection of statistical, tax and other reports, and ensure decisionmaking based on an analysis of the real situation. It is important to mention that the President of Russia has identified digital transformation as a national development goal until 2030.\u0000Aim: The purpose of the article is to research the legal problems of digitalization of land use in Russia. The authors implement an attempt to consider comprehensively various aspects of the digitalization of land use in agriculture, forestry, as well as on industrial and other special-purpose lands.\u0000Results: The research methodology is based on scientific methods such as dialectical, logical, predictive methods, system analysis, content analysis, as well as private scientific methods (statistical, technical legal, comparative legal methods). The authors consider the legal problems of digitalization of land use as the initial, basic directions enshrined in strategic planning documents that underlie the legal regulation of land relations in Russia. The article also highlights the issues of land use and the inclusion in the economic turnover of territories affected by both anthropogenic human activities, man-made and natural emergencies.","PeriodicalId":36893,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum Polonorum, Administratio Locorum","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46306588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safety perceptions at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic in Poland","authors":"E. Bogacka","doi":"10.31648/aspal.6567","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31648/aspal.6567","url":null,"abstract":"Motives: The pandemic situation created unique opportunity to undertake research in the context of the changed living conditions of the population.\u0000Aim: The main purpose is to assess broadly understood safety perceptions at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic in Poland. The key research tool used was a survey questionnaire (270 respondents), complemented by observations in Poznań (Poland) and photographic documentation. Hometown was chosen due to imposed restrictions on movement.\u0000Results: The COVID-19 pandemic significantly changed people’s life in many aspects and therefore affected perceived safety. Level of fear of the pandemic was varied and so was keeping up to date with information about the pandemic outcomes. Before the pandemic people felt safer in the analysed various places. Implication of the pandemic for everyday behaviour was significant, resulting e.g. in leaving home when it is absolutely necessary, working from home. Most of the imposed restrictions were rated positively.","PeriodicalId":36893,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum Polonorum, Administratio Locorum","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47009491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Production Efficiency of Sesame Producer Farm Households: The Case of Bench Maji Zone, Southwest Ethiopia","authors":"Kusse Haile, Engida Gebre Yesho, Agegnehu Workye Belaneh","doi":"10.31648/aspal.6248","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31648/aspal.6248","url":null,"abstract":"Motives: Agricultural sector in Ethiopia is characterized by its poor performance, despite the livelihoods of the large population of the country depends on agriculture. Sesame is an important cash crop and plays vital role in the livelihood of many people in Ethiopia. However a number of challenges hindered the development of sesame sector along with the productivity.\u0000Aim: This study attempted to analyze production efficiency of sesame producers in Bench Maji Zone of Southwest Ethiopia. The study used both primary and secondary data sources. Purposive sampling techniques were employed to draw 270 sesame producer farm households. Descriptive statistics and econometric models were used to analyze the data.\u0000Results: The estimated stochastic production frontier model indicated that input variables such as inorganic fertilizer, sesame seed, oxen power, labor and chemicals found to be important factors in increasing the level of sesame output in the study area. The result further revealed significant differences in production efficiency among sesame growing farmers in the study area. Applying the Cobb-Douglas functional form the average, technical, allocative and economic efficiencies found are 50.72%, 86.83% and 44.2% for sesame producers, respectively. Also among fourteen variables used in the analysis of determinants, experience in sesame farming, education level, farm income, total cultivated land, social responsibility, frequency of extension contact, participation in off/nonfarm activities, credit, proximity to market and soil fertility were found to be significant sources of technical, allocative and economic inefficiencies of sesame producer farmers. Strengthening education, extension service, credit access at affordable interest rate and accessibility of transport services and motivating farm household to participate different training as well as their experience sharing with other sesame producing farmers improve productivity of sesame production. Therefore, those important socioeconomic and institutional factors which are mentioned above must take into account to improve the productivity of sesame in the study area.","PeriodicalId":36893,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum Polonorum, Administratio Locorum","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48762415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Control of technological processes using a fuzzy controller of the system for management of cargo delivery by railway","authors":"Yurii Statyvka, H. Kyrychenko, O. Strelko, Yu.A. Berdnychenko","doi":"10.31648/aspal.6808","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31648/aspal.6808","url":null,"abstract":"Motives: One of the final indicators of service reliability of the transport system is the cargo delivery time, compliance of which is not yet controlled due to the lack of appropriate methods and tools of operational management. The concept of quality of assessment of cargo delivery, namely the reliability of compliance with the time obligations by transportation participants, is associated with the process modeling and the accuracy of determination of the estimated time of completion of each stage of the technological process of cargo delivery.\u0000Aim: The purpose of the study is to present the model of a fuzzy controller as a principle of forming of a railway process management system, which is based on the possibility to operate with linguistic representations of elements.\u0000Results: A new solution to an important problem is obtained – the formation of managerial influence using a fuzzy controller for management of technological processes of cargo delivery by rail at the current level of requirements for the efficiency of transportation organization. The usage of the offered method provides a solution to the problems of operational control practice in the formation of tools for operational control of technological processes for the railway dispatcher unit.","PeriodicalId":36893,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum Polonorum, Administratio Locorum","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44731001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}