Slovak Journal of Political Sciences最新文献_第9页

Polish electoral system to self local government – changes and effects 波兰选举制度对自治地方政府的变迁与影响

Slovak Journal of Political Sciences Pub Date : 2016-07-01 DOI: 10.1515/sjps-2016-0013

B. Słobodzian

{"title":"Polish electoral system to self local government – changes and effects","authors":"B. Słobodzian","doi":"10.1515/sjps-2016-0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/sjps-2016-0013","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Poland as a young democracy is supported by extensive experience of mature democratic systems. Poland is still seeking reasonable and effective solutions regarding its electoral system. The right for electing the representatives of authority bodies is one of the fundamentals of democracy. This right entitles citizens for active public participation through expressing their support (votes) for candidates, which will respectively represent their voters in certain institutions. Polish electoral law, which regulates the local self-government elections is very controversial. The existing legal rules have been changed many times since 2011. Among the subjects being discussed are electoral campaigns, and candidate registration rules and organization of elections. Frequent changes in the electoral law result in misunderstandings and an unwillingness to participate in elections. Their effect is low voter turnout and a large number of invalid votes. Regardless of the above, it is worth to consider, why the Electoral Code was prepared so chaotically and without any further discussion? Why before the forthcoming elections to the European Parliament and municipalities planned for 2014 it was not possible to be assured about the electoral regulations, which were the subject of numerous changes?","PeriodicalId":36889,"journal":{"name":"Slovak Journal of Political Sciences","volume":"16 1","pages":"266 - 281"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67067790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

U.S. and the Arctic in the Last Two Decades 美国和北极在过去二十年

Slovak Journal of Political Sciences Pub Date : 2016-04-01 DOI: 10.1515/SJPS-2016-0010

Roman S. Czarny

引用次数: 0

Defining the Role of Women in the Future of Political Leadership in the Middle East 确定妇女在中东未来政治领导中的作用

Slovak Journal of Political Sciences Pub Date : 2016-04-01 DOI: 10.1515/sjps-2016-0007

N. Basiri

{"title":"Defining the Role of Women in the Future of Political Leadership in the Middle East","authors":"N. Basiri","doi":"10.1515/sjps-2016-0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/sjps-2016-0007","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Throughout the years and more recently, dictatorial governments have often posed challenges to women in the Middle East, such as in Saudi Arabia, where woman are still not allowed to drive. Although governments have exercised their power to restrict women from doing certain activities and leadership. If we take a look back at the revolutionary Arab Spring, women were a driving force in expressing their voice through the protests and creating an unprecedented impact to shift the status quo in the Middle East. In the early phase of the Arab Spring, women played a pivotal role in supporting the protests against tyranny and ensuring they played an active part in the protests. Women in the Middle East have often been subject to discrimination regardless whether or not they are oppressed. This paper evaluates the efforts of women and the current events that are developing a new face for Middle Eastern women and their role in the future of political leadership in the twenty-first century. The paper also indicates that women within the Middle East have full potential to become a serious and powerful force within their society if they will fully attach on to the idea of becoming serious actors. More importantly, once they do this and they impact their role within the family, they will then gradually impact social change within their country. What is important within this process is the idea that they continue on the path of fighting for their liberation and change, because all of these spears are interconnected for women to become fully liberated within a society they have to be able to be fully liberated within all of these spears. Finally, this paper discusses obstacles to women in Middle East politics and possible recommendations that will improve the overall levels of women’s political leadership in the Middle East.","PeriodicalId":36889,"journal":{"name":"Slovak Journal of Political Sciences","volume":"16 1","pages":"134 - 145"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67067461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Mgr. Pavel Maškarinec, Ph.D., Determinants of Women’s Descriptive Representation on the City Boards of the Czech Statutory Cities after the Local Elections of 2014 经理Pavel Maškarinec，博士，2014年地方选举后捷克法定城市董事会中女性描述性代表的决定因素

Slovak Journal of Political Sciences Pub Date : 2016-04-01 DOI: 10.1515/sjps-2016-0006

Pavel Maškarinec

{"title":"Mgr. Pavel Maškarinec, Ph.D., Determinants of Women’s Descriptive Representation on the City Boards of the Czech Statutory Cities after the Local Elections of 2014","authors":"Pavel Maškarinec","doi":"10.1515/sjps-2016-0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/sjps-2016-0006","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper focuses on question why is descriptive (or numerical) representation of women as local political leaders higher in some cities than in others? The paper focuses on the analysis of the determinants of women’s political representation on city boards of the Czech statutory cities after the last local elections of 2014. We test some hypothesis, concerning two groups of factors that can potentially affect the success of women (socioeconomic and demographic, and political contextual), thus aiming to expand theoretical and empirical research which is in the case of determinants of women’s representation at the local level underdeveloped. Overall, the analysis reveals that regression models explaining presence of women on the city boards were not generally too successful, with slightly better performance of the model using socioeconomic and demographic factors. Specifically, Moravia and municipality size proved as very strong predictors of presence of women on the city boards in negative, or positive direction, respectively (although in full model municipality size variable lost its significance), supplementing by the proportion of female councillors in same elections, which increased successfulness of women as well. In contrast, the share of women in local councils and on city boards in the previous electoral term was not proven as statistical significant, similarly as party affiliations’ of city boards.","PeriodicalId":36889,"journal":{"name":"Slovak Journal of Political Sciences","volume":"16 1","pages":"113 - 133"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67066936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

János Kádár as an Economic Reformist And Gustáv Husák As An Antireformist János Kádár作为经济改革派和Gustáv Husák作为反改革派

Slovak Journal of Political Sciences Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.1515/sjps-2016-0001

Zsolt Horbulák

引用次数: 1

Political Science of Modern Kazakhstan – Notices to Development of Kazakhstan Political Thinking 近代哈萨克斯坦的政治学——对哈萨克斯坦政治思想发展的注意

Slovak Journal of Political Sciences Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.1515/sjps-2016-0005

P. Juza

{"title":"Political Science of Modern Kazakhstan – Notices to Development of Kazakhstan Political Thinking","authors":"P. Juza","doi":"10.1515/sjps-2016-0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/sjps-2016-0005","url":null,"abstract":"The picture of political process as a form of a specific kind of market relations belongs to one of the theoretical issues defined by J. Schumpeter in 1942 in his work “Capitalism, Socialism and Democracy”. Thus, politics is a part of economy, where similarly to the market rules – the competition principles are being used. This was clearly defined also by A. Downs: „...finally, the market exchange is being realised by exchange of the specific policy for votes...“ (Downs, 1957, p. 27-28) Political science and political thinking have deep historical roots in modern Kazakhstan. Within the half of the last millennium, their sources were the works of Arabic-language philosophy in particular, based on both antique values and traditional nomadic Kazakhs ́ world view. Its characteristics were the specific concept of a state, state social structure and from the European point of view different relation between man (individual) and society. As the young chairman of the Royal Court of Justice in Bordeaux, Charles de Secondat Monetsquie, wrote: „...since I am in Europe, dear Radi, I saw many forms of government: not like in Asia, where equal policy rules are in force...“ (Montesquieu, 2009, p. 106) Folk traditions have represented, represent and apparently will further represent the specific model of power relations legitimization, which have been formed during the time of the Kazakh khan rise.2 They were characterized by electiveness of sovereigns – khans, acceptance of the political elite coming from Genghis Khan descendants only, dividing the nation and state in three inseparable parts and rather influential position of judicial power.","PeriodicalId":36889,"journal":{"name":"Slovak Journal of Political Sciences","volume":"16 1","pages":"86 - 92"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/sjps-2016-0005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67066861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Selling the Arc of Crisis: Promoting Foreign Policy Change during the Carter Presidency 出售危机弧线:在卡特总统任期内促进外交政策的变化

Slovak Journal of Political Sciences Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.1515/sjps-2016-0009

Luis da Vinha

引用次数: 0

The Concept of State Terrorism in Relation to Iran 国家恐怖主义的概念与伊朗的关系

Slovak Journal of Political Sciences Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.1515/sjps-2016-0003

Josef Kraus

引用次数: 1

A Historical Review of the Nixon Administration and European Political Cooperation 尼克松政府与欧洲政治合作的历史回顾

Slovak Journal of Political Sciences Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.1515/sjps-2016-0002

H. Thi Nguyen

{"title":"A Historical Review of the Nixon Administration and European Political Cooperation","authors":"H. Thi Nguyen","doi":"10.1515/sjps-2016-0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/sjps-2016-0002","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract With a historical approach, this paper examines the Nixon administration’s policy and stance towards European Political Cooperation (EPC). In December 1969, at The Hague Summit the leaders of the European Community expressed their determination for deepening European integration. The final communiqué of The Hague Summit stressed that the European Community’s desire to achieve EPC and to parallel the European Community’s economic increasing strength with a role to play in the world affairs. With this in mind, the paper will examine the impacts that Nixon administration’s attempts to rebalance U.S. foreign relations reflected in the opening to China and the détente with the Soviet Union had on European political integration. Then, it will be argued that the Nixon administration’s shifting foreign policy priorities can be seen as one of the driving forces of EPC. The paper puts forth that a European Community, whose weight was increased by first its economic integration and then its political cooperation, was seen by the Nixon administration as a challenge to the United States. It is concluded that after a long time of consistently supporting European integration as a means to secure peace and prosperity in Europe, the United States under the Nixon administration had to re-consider its foreign relations and rebalance its focus on the global chessboard. This rebalancing certainly impacted EPC in particular and the European integration process in general.","PeriodicalId":36889,"journal":{"name":"Slovak Journal of Political Sciences","volume":"16 1","pages":"20 - 34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67066948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Institutional partisanship 机构党派之争

Slovak Journal of Political Sciences Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.1515/sjps-2016-0008

A. Walter

引用次数: 1