Q. Hassan, S. A. Hafedh, H. B. Mohammed, Imad Saeed Abdulrahman, H. M. Salman, M. Jaszczur
{"title":"A review of hydrogen production from bio-energy, technologies and assessments","authors":"Q. Hassan, S. A. Hafedh, H. B. Mohammed, Imad Saeed Abdulrahman, H. M. Salman, M. Jaszczur","doi":"10.1515/ehs-2022-0117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ehs-2022-0117","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The earth natural carrying capacity is being surpassed, and there is an urgent need to develop new alternatives, notably in regards to energy supplies, carbon dioxide emissions, and nitrogen supplies to the ecosystem. Hydrogen gas, produced from renewable energy by water electrolysis, may serve as a platform molecule for the 21st century low-carbon economy and electrification. The ability to utilise hydrogen metabolic processes is quite diverse, and this offers up a vast array of avenues for innovative biotechnological advancements and applications. A strategy focusing on the major role of hydrogen throughout the production of bio-based foundational element compounds through the hydrocarbon pathway would avoid the inherent low economic value of hydrocarbons in favour of products with greater value. Furthermore, hydrogen could serve as a crucial carbon-neutral source for the manufacture of third-generation proteins while allowing carbon capture and nutritional recovery immediately at the site of emission. Using these methods to deal with the seasonal changes in renewable energy sources makes the use of alternative energy as efficient as possible. The outcomes demonstrated the production technologies of bio-hydrogen is a good way to make renewable hydrogen that is both cost-effective and good for the environment compared to other ways of making hydrogen.","PeriodicalId":36885,"journal":{"name":"Energy Harvesting and Systems","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81601327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ravi Kumar Rachamala, Narasimhulu Sanke, A. Seshu Kumar
{"title":"Experimental investigation of Segregated Dry Municipal Solid Waste (SDMSW) and biomass blends in the gasification process","authors":"Ravi Kumar Rachamala, Narasimhulu Sanke, A. Seshu Kumar","doi":"10.1515/ehs-2022-0052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ehs-2022-0052","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Producing sustainable energy to meet the world’s current demands is a major concern. Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) is a good source for producing sustainable energy and currently gets abundantly generated in India. Usually MSW is screened to prepare Segregated Dry Municipal Solid Waste (SDMSW) pellets before subjecting it to gasification to produce producer gas. But, generation of hazardous byproducts is a key issue in the conversion of SDMSW to producer gas. In the present work a multi-purpose downdraft gasifier has been designed and developed that can process biomass and SDMSW pellets blend while reducing undesirable byproducts such as tar and ash. The calorific value, chemical composition and byproduct content of the SDMSW pallets blended with biomass are determined prior to gasification. The feedstock is characterised using ultimate and proximate analysis, and the calorific value is determined using a bomb calorimeter. Gas chromatography is used to assess the quality of the producer gas. The results indicate that adding 50% SDMSW to Biomass results in good efficiency.","PeriodicalId":36885,"journal":{"name":"Energy Harvesting and Systems","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84352588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Q. Hassan, M. Jaszczur, Imad Saeed Abdulrahman, H. M. Salman
{"title":"An economic and technological analysis of hybrid photovoltaic/wind turbine/battery renewable energy system with the highest self-sustainability","authors":"Q. Hassan, M. Jaszczur, Imad Saeed Abdulrahman, H. M. Salman","doi":"10.1515/ehs-2022-0030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ehs-2022-0030","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This research established the technoeconomic feasibility of an on-grid hybrid renewable energy system for delivering electricity to the deanery building of the Engineering College at the University of Diyala, Iraq. The most cost-effective system design was discovered by modeling and optimization, with an average daily load of 25.0 kWh and total cost and energy cost of $5142 and $0.05/kWh, respectively. In relation to the energy generated by conventional resources, the designed system is more cost-effective and has a lower carbon footprint of about 13,052 kg/year of CO2 emissions avoided. According to the research, using a hybrid power system to electrify and decarbonize the electrical energy supply could be a reliable and economical way to do both at the same time. Innovation is in integrating the suggested hybrid system so that the use of electricity can effectively be decreased to meet the load. As a result, the system components are not oversized, which reduces system costs and reduces emissions.","PeriodicalId":36885,"journal":{"name":"Energy Harvesting and Systems","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74811202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. N. Rao, Praveen Kumar Varanasi, Suresh Kumar Anisetty, Budagavi Matam Manjunatha
{"title":"Implementation of cascaded H-bridge DC-link inverter for marine electric propulsion drives","authors":"S. N. Rao, Praveen Kumar Varanasi, Suresh Kumar Anisetty, Budagavi Matam Manjunatha","doi":"10.1515/ehs-2022-0049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ehs-2022-0049","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper presents a single-phase seven level Cascaded H-Bridge DC-Link (CHBDCL) inverter for marine electric propulsion drives. The speed of propulsion drive can be changed by CHBDCL inverter by converting DC output from the rectifier to variable output voltage with or without change in frequency. The proposed CHBDCL inverter generates more output voltage with minimum harmonic content than classical Multilevel Inverters (MLIs). The CHBDCL inverter necessitates only ‘m + 3’ power devices for ‘m’ number of levels, although the classical MLIs requires ‘(2m − 1)’ power devices. CHBDCL inverter can have the effective performance by utilizing unipolar Sine Pulse Width Modulation (SPWM) and unipolar Space Vector PWM (SVPWM) with sine carrier. The effectiveness of the proposed CHBDCL inverter topology has been verified by using MATLAB/SIMULINK for various modulation indices in terms of voltage levels and harmonic analysis. Furthermore, an experimental setup involving pulse generation from a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) has been used to test the performance of the proposed CHBDCL inverter.","PeriodicalId":36885,"journal":{"name":"Energy Harvesting and Systems","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82820481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sreekanth Mamidala, Govindarajalu Mohan, C. Veeramani
{"title":"Hybrid renewable energy resources accuracy, techniques adopted, and the future scope abetted by the patent landscape – a conspicuous review","authors":"Sreekanth Mamidala, Govindarajalu Mohan, C. Veeramani","doi":"10.1515/ehs-2022-0043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ehs-2022-0043","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Renewables always attract everything than other thrust research areas owing to the global warming issue caused by using the non-renewables therein which should be mitigated at the earliest possible time. The easiest and safest alternative is employing renewable energy resources for the generation of energy that is completely sustainable. Many countries started insisting to seek alternatives trying to terminate to the fullest extent. Even though all these measures are taken, it is very hard to mitigate the utilization of non-renewables, owing to efficacy lag in renewables. The simplest solution for this problem is hybrid usage of renewables to enhance the efficiency. This article took this as a factor, gathered data for hybrid RERs technique with its accuracy range for easy selection of techniques by the stakeholders, trending technology being adopted, and future scope abetted by the patent landscape.","PeriodicalId":36885,"journal":{"name":"Energy Harvesting and Systems","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80411249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Q. Hassan, Majid K. Abbas, V. S. Tabar, S. Tohidi, M. Jaszczur, Imad Saeed Abdulrahman, H. M. Salman
{"title":"Modelling and analysis of green hydrogen production by solar energy","authors":"Q. Hassan, Majid K. Abbas, V. S. Tabar, S. Tohidi, M. Jaszczur, Imad Saeed Abdulrahman, H. M. Salman","doi":"10.1515/ehs-2022-0093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ehs-2022-0093","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In the article, the viability of adopting photovoltaic energy systems to convert solar energy into hydrogen in Iraqi four main cities are examined. A 22 kWp off-grid solar system, an 8 kW alkaline electrolyzer, a hydrogen compressor, and a hydrogen tank were modeled for an entire year in order to produce hydrogen. Using hourly experimental weather data from 2021 to 2030, MATLAB/Simulink is used to create a mathematical model of the recommended system behavior. The results revealed a range of annual hydrogen production from 1713.92 to 1891.12 kg, annual oxygen production from 1199.74 to 1323.78 kg, and annual water consumption from 7139.91 to 7877.29 L. Each kilogram of hydrogen costs $3.79. The results indicate that the optimal location for solar hydrogen production systems might be constructed in the central region of Iraq and in other regions with comparable climatic characteristics, particularly those with high radiation levels.","PeriodicalId":36885,"journal":{"name":"Energy Harvesting and Systems","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73470264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Frequency domain analysis of a piezoelectric energy harvester with impedance matching network","authors":"M. Bonnin, Kailing Song","doi":"10.1515/ehs-2022-0077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ehs-2022-0077","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Piezoelectric energy harvesters are electromechanical systems, capable to convert ambient dispersed mechanical vibrations into usable electrical energy. They can be used for supplying power to sensors and actuators that are wireless connected, miniaturized and remote located. In this work, we analyze piezoelectric energy harvesters for mechanical vibrations in the frequency domain. White Gaussian and colored noise models for random vibrations are considered. The governing equations for the harvester are derived from mechanical properties, the characteristic relationships of piezoelectric materials, and circuit description of the electrical load. We show that the energy harvester can be modelled by cascade connected electromechanical two-ports, and that frequency domain methods are the perfect tool for analysis. Formulas for the harvested power and power efficiency are derived. We also show that application of matching networks reduces the impedance mismatch between the mechanical and the electrical parts, significantly increasing the harvested power and power efficiency. The matching network solution is compared to others, previously proposed solutions, such as application of power-factor correction. We show that the matching network offers nine times more average power and better power efficiency than the unmatched resistive load, and increases by more than 10% the harvested power and efficiency, with respect to the power-factor corrected solution.","PeriodicalId":36885,"journal":{"name":"Energy Harvesting and Systems","volume":"5 1","pages":"135 - 144"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76964206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A numerical investigation of optimum angles for solar energy receivers in the eastern part of Algeria","authors":"Fethi Bennour, H. Mzad","doi":"10.1515/ehs-2021-0089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ehs-2021-0089","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The need to capture the maximum amount of solar energy and to optimize the panels’ collecting surfaces are among the primary objectives of research in solar engineering. The simplest way to accomplish this is to perform a monthly accurate determination of the solar collector’s proper slope and azimuth angles. Indeed, this is the aim of this article, which consists of a graphical optimization based on the Gueymard’s daily integration model. A Matlab program was developed to predict the hourly solar radiation on a solar receiver using the Gueymard model in conjunction with the Liu and Jordan isotropic, Perez, and HDKR anisotropic models. A comprehensive simulation of the monthly solar irradiation throughout 2018 was executed for the city of Annaba, in north–eastern Algeria. The results indicate that the south-facing surface azimuth angle is the most appropriate. In fact, for maximum sunlight capture, the solar collector inclination must be adjusted each month in the range of [10–40°]. Furthermore, the results show that the gains in the amount of solar radiation received throughout the year by the thermal panel mounted at monthly optimum tilt angles are 15.63% in January and 7.37% in July.","PeriodicalId":36885,"journal":{"name":"Energy Harvesting and Systems","volume":"3 1","pages":"105 - 122"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73162099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The efficiency of linear electromagnetic vibration-based energy harvester at resistive, capacitive and inductive loads","authors":"Aboozar Dezhara","doi":"10.1515/ehs-2022-0028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ehs-2022-0028","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Energy harvesters and almost all energy generation devices receive the motivation for design from their efficiency and efficiency play an important role in the feasibility and practicability of the design. In this paper, we investigate the efficiency of electromagnetic vibration-based energy harvesters at various electrical loads. In our problem the efficiency depends on excitation frequency, coil and load parameters as well as electromagnetic coupling coefficient. The author first proves that the input power that the harvester receives from its environment at constant base acceleration and constant excitation frequency is always equal to the power that consumes in electrical and mechanical dampers, then the author defines the resonance frequency and plot three efficiency diagrams i.e. plot of efficiency versus (excitation) frequency, plot of maximum efficiency at a constant frequency versus load and in the end plot of the efficiency versus output power at varying load capacitance and resistance. The author observes that maximum efficiency not only does not occur at resonance (i.e. at maximum power) but also is very low (less than 1e−10%) for typical parameters at resonance. Also the maximum efficiency for typical optimum parameters is around 17.45%.","PeriodicalId":36885,"journal":{"name":"Energy Harvesting and Systems","volume":"68 1","pages":"93 - 104"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81284835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Optimizing hybrid power system at highest sustainability","authors":"Q. Hassan, Marek Jaszezur, A. Hasan","doi":"10.1515/ehs-2021-0091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ehs-2021-0091","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The current research investigated the utilization of fuel cells as an energy storage unit in microgrid energy system applications in an effort to enhance self-consumption of renewable energy. The prototype evaluation is constructed of solar photovoltaic and fuel cell energy storage units. The study utilizes experimental weather and electrical load data for household obtained at 1-min temporal resolution. The daily average energy consumption for the evaluated household was 10.3 kWh, with a peak power output of 5.4 kW and an annual energy consumption of 3757 kWh. The Solar System under investigation has a capacity of 3.6 kWp, while the fuel cell system has a capacity of 0–3 kW, allowing for effective integration with the photovoltaic system and a maximum renewable energy fraction. The research indicates that by installing fuel cells powered by hydrogen generated from renewable energy sources, self-consumption and self-sufficiency significantly increase. The annual energy flow demonstrated that the implementation of 2.5 kW fuel cells improved renewable fraction utilization from 0.622 to 0.918, while increasing energy self-consumption by 98.4% to 3338.2 kWh/year and self-sufficiency by 94.41% to 3218.8 kWh/year.","PeriodicalId":36885,"journal":{"name":"Energy Harvesting and Systems","volume":"83 1","pages":"71 - 83"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77640545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}